1、Phonics 自然拼读法,Review,Vowels（元音字母）： a, e, i（y）, o, uConsonants（辅音字母）： 剩余其他字母(b, c,d,x, y, z),y字母相当于i，为半元音,Sing the alphabet song :lalala,Phonics 自然拼读法,What is phonics？,自然拼读法类似于汉语拼音，将英文单词根据发音，按音节拼写出来，达到“见词会读，听音会拼”的神奇效果。是以英语为母语的国家小学语文必修的内容。,音节是以元音字母为基础 + 一个或几个辅音字母构成的读音的基本单位。 由于元音字母发音响亮，因此作为划分音节的基础。任何单词
2、都可以分解为一个或多个音节来读。,音 节,ham*bur*ger，ba*na*na，ap*ple，ru*ler, Eng*lish, ja*cket, 有大于等于2个元音字母构成的单词，即有2个及2个以上音节叫多音节词。 go, we, egg, my , act, must, sheep, see, toy, leap,有1个或2个紧挨着的元音字母组成的单词，即有一个音节叫单音节词。,Practice 1,tea mother family homeland condition saw tool book grand grandmother parent child children sis
3、ter brother father photo country green blue yellow ginger national red camera,音节分为：开音节、闭音节，-r/-re音节，元音字母组合音节。,开音节、闭音节,开音节,1、以发音的元音字母结尾的音节，如we, do, go, hi, flee, America, China, flu, tamato, identify,.2、以一个元音字母 + 辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的 e 结尾的音节，如 take, age, make, name,.（没有辅音字母“包住”元音字母，元音字母露在外）,闭音节,闭音节：辅音字母（r除
4、外）结尾的音节，如act, pen, big, small,有辅音字母“包住”元音字母,Practice 2,take she time go use age we nine nose cute name me bike home huge make these my joke fume,开音节,cut much gun bull drophotfog,stick mill ship gift rest ten let,clock best pan land jam fact,闭音节,重读、非重读音节,对于多音节词，有一个音节要读的重些，叫重读音节；而其他音节读得较轻，叫非重读音节。对于单音节
5、词，只有一个重读音节。mor*ningaf*ter*noonEng*lishgood, hi, we, he,Lesson 1元音字母的读音规律,1.元音字母在重读开音节发：,A /ei/ E/i:/ I/ai/ O/u/ U/ju:/ take she time go use age we nine nose cute name me bike home huge make these my joke fume,y字母在单词末尾相当于i，为半元音,字母本音,Practice 3:Listen and write,fl_ wh_ f_ne n_ce l_ke _te b _ke l _ke p
6、l_ ne _ve P_ ter m_ ter n_ se c_ pe _ver l_ ne am_ se h_ ge f_ se m_ te,y,y,i,i,a,a,a,i,a,e,u,e,o,o,o,o,e,u,u,u,元音字母在重读开音节发什么音？,字母本音,2.元音字母在重读闭音节中读音：,A/ E/e/ I/i/ O/ U/ /or/u/,注意:代表/发音的字母只有a,apple bag cap cat,egg pen bed set,rid sit big pick,not dog box shop,us ugly put full,Practice4: Say the vowel
7、s,cut much gun bull drophotfog clock,stick mill ship gift rest leg let,best pan land jam fact,Review,1.元音字母在重读开音节发：,A /ei/ E/i:/ I/ai/ O/u/ U/ju:/ take she time go use age we nine nose cute name me bike home huge make these my joke fume,y字母在单词末尾相当于i，为半元音,字母本音,2.元音字母在重读闭音节中读音：,A/ E/e/ I/i/ O/ U/ /or/
8、u/,注意:代表/发音的字母只有a,apple bag cap cat,egg pen bed set,rid sit big pick,not dog box shop,us ugly put full,3.元音字母在非重读音节中的读音：,A / E / I(y) / O/ U/i/ /i/,ago begin rabbit potato upon China before April tomato disturb about parent copy occur focus Canada wonder tidy memory difficult,Phrases and Sentences,a
9、round seven oclock arrive at the office His house is located at the seaside.,2/20/2019,定冠词（特指）：the,这个男孩the boy 我买的雨伞the umbrella that I buy太阳/月亮(独一无二的自然现象)the sun/ the moon,2/20/2019,不定冠词：,一个苹果an apple 一个诚实的男孩an honest boy 一根香蕉 a banana,专项练习,第一关：根据老师的发音，选出正确的单词（注：t的发音为/t/） a. ( ) A. help B. hope( )
10、A. help B. hope b. ( ) A. fug B. fig C. fag( ) A. fug B. fig C. fag( ) A. fug B. fig C. fag c. ( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat( ) A. bit B. bite C. bet D. bat,d.() A.fate B.fat C.net D.name() A.fate B.fat C.net D.name() A.fate B.fat C.
11、net D.name() A.fate B.fat C.net D.name e.() A. use B. us C. lop D.close() A. use B. us C. lop D.close() A. use B. us C. lop D.close() A. use B. us C. lop D.close,第二关：听音写词,2.元音字母组合的读音规则,1. ai/ ay 在重读音节中常发/ei/rain wait may day 2. ea 不发/e/,就发/i:/sweater head bread eat sea tea leaf easy,3. ei发/ei/或/i:/：
12、eight neighbor weigh receive either ceilingey 在词尾发/ei/：they hey obeyie/ee在重读音节中发/i:/ : piece niece thief believe sheep see queen,/i:/ or /i/ ?,He sees a ship. She sees a sheep. A ship and a sheep. He sees a ship,and she sees a sheep.,-ce在词尾发/s/:nice piece once chance peace,-r音节在重读音节的读音规则,-re音节的读音规则,
13、3.辅音字母常见读音规则,j通常发/d/Jane, jump, object, judge,k通常发/k/,但遇到/s/ 要浊化读成/g/kick, kid, sky, skate, skin,2/20/2019,清辅音浊化,p t k tr 四淘气遇到s 就读成：/b/ /d/ /g/ /dr/spend /b/spirit /b/stand up /d/skirt /g/street /dr/,2/20/2019,Phrases and Sentences,A bear is skiing. 一头熊在滑雪。,2/20/2019,Phrases and Sentences,bag and b
14、aggage (adv.)连同随身的东西一起离开 behind ones back 在背地里,d通常发 /d/ dad, day, hand, mind f和组合ff通常发 /f/family, father, stuff, buff ,2/20/2019,Phrases and Sentences,football fans 足球迷 My mother is a good cook. 我的妈妈是一个好厨师。,2/20/2019,g和组合gg通常发/g/，组合-ge发/d/beggar, giggle, age, orange, manage, y 在词首或音节开头常发/j/yes yello
15、w lawyer yesterday,2/20/2019,S的发音规律 (1) s在词首时通常发/s/sand sad school sandwich s在清辅音后通常发/s/physics lamps helps (3) s在浊辅音与元音前后通常发/z/names always yours begs reason desire,2/20/2019,w 通常发/w/ 发音与拼音wo 类似we week win want x 通常发/ks/box six fox taxi ,2/20/2019,z 和zz通常发/z/zebra amaze jazz qu 在词首发/kw/,在词尾中常发/k/qu
16、ick quake queen unique conquer,2/20/2019,不发音的辅音字母,1.b在词尾的-mb，-bt中不发音bomb comb lamb(小羊) doubt debt 2. d在一些单词中不发音grandma grandparent Wednesday handsome ,2/20/2019,3. g在gn中不发音: design foreign sign gh有时不发音: night right eight high straight 4. h 在有些单词中不发音hour honest honour vehicle ghost(幽灵),2/20/2019,5.kn
17、-在词首时通常发/n/,k不发音knee knife knock know 6. p在有些单词中不发音psychology cupboard ,2/20/2019,7.以wr-开头的单词，w不发音 write wrong writer 8.除了be/me/he/she/we外，词尾的e 一般不发音take name cake bake date .,9. gue在词尾时，ue不发音 Eg. dialogue tongue league(联盟) analogue(相似物),特定的字母组合,1. sion sure 在辅音字母后分别发/n/ /u/eg.extension comprehensio
18、nensure insure pressure,2. sion / sure 在元音字母后分别发/n/ /r/ Eg.decision television revisionpleasure measure leisure,3. ti/ci发/, -tion发/ n/, tious发 /s/Eg. essential potential patientaction nation function cautious ambitiousmusician social,4. ture发/tr/creature culture picture naturemixture lecture future
19、feature5. ble发/bl/able possible probable drinkable(可饮用的) imaginable thinkable,从左往右（从前往后）划分。“元音+辅音” 或“单元音”构成一个音节，只有辅音字母不能构成音节！,3.“两分手，一归前来，一归后”当两个元音之间有两个辅音字母时，将两个辅音字母划分在前后两个音节里。 better 划分成 bet* ter carry 划分成 car* ry always 划分成 al* ways sister 划分成 sis* ter basketball 划分成 bas*ket*ball volleyball划分成 vol
20、*ley*ball,注意:一些不允许“两分手”的情况 （1）特定的字母组合不能分开：tion, sion, sure,ture, ai, au, aw, ew, oo, ow,oy,ea,ee, ei, iear,er,ir,or,ur,are,air,ere,ire,ure,dr,treg. attract划分成at*tractaddress划分成ad*dress,（2）各种辅音连缀，如 cr, pr, bl, fl, 等，也是不允许分割的。这样的单词有：,April 划分成 A*pril secret 划分成 se*cret apron划分成 a* pron sacred 划分成 sa*
21、cred,5. 音节个数是从左往右(从前往后)数的,morning evening afternoon yellow question version certain certainly fortunate implicit define cooperation animal foolish suitable inspiration vegetable cattle giggle battle tackle,1. 双音节动词的重音一般在第二个音节上：excuse behave forget mislead arise withstand absent record2. 双音节动词以外的词重音一
22、般在第一个音节上：absent record tennis jacket sweater uncle very,3. 多音节单词重音一般在倒数第三个音节上Eg. basketball 划分成 bas*ket*ballvolleyball划分成 vol*ley*ballfamily划分成 fa*mi*lyfavorite划分成 fa*vor*ite,4. 以-tion /-sion/-ian结尾的多音节词，重音为它们前面的一个音节,次重音再往前数第二个音节。（television除外）若-tion/-sion前为元音字母 则发重读开音节读音，若有辅音字母 则发重读闭音节读音（i除外，发/i/）。nation action direction pollution situationinstruction promotion decision competition,5. -ian前重读音节都发重读闭音节读音Italian physician musician historian(的人),
