1、配置ISDN拨号,目标,完成本章的学习后，您可以完成下面的任务:了解缺省、静态、重分发和被动端口的ISDN配置识别拨号映射、协议、DDR的概念和ISDN的连接标准和可选项了解ISDN PRI配置命令了解ISDN呼叫过程并分析和监视ISDN的连接情况,高速的接入技术-xDSL,通过普通电话线的较高频带驱动高数据速率的一种传输技术,0 Hz,4400 Hz,10 MHz,POTS,ADSL,xDSL 技术,调制技术,Cisco ISDN 特点,支持多协议可选多个路由器系列SNMP支持的ISDN MIB 组多个负载通道按需分配带宽可选的呼叫筛选可压缩的PPP 按需连接的DDR,ISDN 综合业务数据
2、网终端设备,ISDN参考点,ISDN 综合业务数据网,TE1,NT1,LE,S,T,U,网络边界美国以外的国家和地区,网络边界美国,本地环路终端,ISDN 交换局,ISDN 终端设备,NT2,CPE,TE2,R,非ISDN终端设备,终端适配器,ISDN PRI and BRI,Basic Rate Interface (BRI) 2 B + D2 X 64Kbps + 16Kbps,Primary Rate Interface (PRI) 30B + D30 X 64Kbps + 64Kbps,语音+数据+附加业务“D” 信道传送信令信息和少量的用户信息(D信道速率16Kbps或64Kbps)
3、“B” 信道承载用户数据信息每个B信道为一个DS0(64Kbps),ISDN BRI通道,2B,通道,用途,B,电路交换上的语音或数据 (HDLC, PPP),速率,64 kbps,D,ISDN,NT1,int bri 0,通道,用途,D,速率,16 kbps,信令 (LAPD),2B+D通道BRI 可运行所有ISDN服务,ISDN BRI接口,ISDN BRI接口带宽为2BD，每个B通道64Kbps，D通道为16Kbps。一般封装链路层协议PPP，支持网络层的IP和IPX协议。ISDN BRI接口有两种类型：U接口有一个内置的NT1，而S/T接口没有。在中国一般使用S/T接口。U口用2芯的R
4、J11或者RJ45电缆，S/T口用4芯的RJ45电缆。在订购前决定所需要的接口类型：BRI S/T或者BRI U接口。因为ISDN端口的电压比其他端口高，因此不要把非ISDN设备接到路由器的ISDN端口，否则，容易损坏非ISDN设备。,ISDN配置工作,ISDN,全局配置选择交换机类型配置出发DDR的兴趣包端口配置选择端口类型(PRI或BRI或子端口)配置端口的IP地址等参数配置可选参数,ISDN配置步骤,使用下列命令配置全局参数：Switch typeDialer listStatic routes, default routes, floating static routes使用下列命令配
5、置端口命令：Encapsulation PPP (CHAP and multilink)IP addressing Dialer groupDialer idle timeoutDialer mapRotary,选择ISDN交换机类型,(config)#isdn switch-type switch-type,选择与路由器相连的ISDN交换机类型,设置缺省/静态路由,TCP/IP,这里是缺省路径,设置静态路由,ip route 131.108.0.0 255.255.0.0 144.254.35.2 orip route 131.108.0.0 255.255.0.0 bri0,TCP/IP,
6、?,131.108.0.0,144.254.35.2,BRI0,设置缺省路由,144.254.50.0,144.254.30.0,144.254.45.2,144.254.45.1,ip route 144.254.50.0 255.255.255.0 144.254.45.1 ip default-network 144.254.50.0,设置路由重分发,将静态路由宣告到其它路由其中,192.150.42.0,(config)#router igrp 109(config)#network 131.108.0.0(config)#redistribute static,131.108.0.0
7、,其它端口,其它端口,设置被动端口,不在该端口广播路由,(config)#router igrp 100(config)#passive-interface bri0,TCP/IP,设置ISDN按需拨号路由,TokenRing,ISDN Service Provider,BRI orPRI,NT1 or DSU/CSU,1.,2.,远程路由器,NT1 or DSU/CSU,1. 数据包到达2.将包送到DDR端口，确认是否为感兴趣3. 如果有兴趣启动ISDN DDR线路。 4. 接通远程路由器,3.,4.,NT1 or DSU/CSU,DDR配置步骤,ISDN,BRI,RemoteRouter,
8、1. 定义兴趣流量2. 指定兴趣流量到BRI端口 3. 定义目的 4. 定义呼叫参数,BRI,设置DDR 兴趣流量,(config)#dialer-list list-number protocol protocol-name permit | deny ,定义兴趣包指定到相关端口,设置端口协议,(config)#interface bri interface-number,选择BRI端口,(config-if)#encapsulation ppp | hdlc ,选择BRI帧格式,(config-if)#ppp authentication pap | chap ,选择PPP验证方法,设置S
9、PID,(config-if)#isdn spid1 spid-number ldn ,有些服务商，需要设置B通道的SPID,(config-if)#isdn spid2 spid-number ldn ,设置第二个B通道的SPID,设置DDR的呼叫目的地,(config-if)#dialer-group group-number,(config-if)#dialer map protocol next-hop-address name name speed speed dial-string,指定由dialer-list命令指定的拨号组,定义如何访问远程目标，并设置ISDN的连接速率,配置简
10、单的ISDN拨号,192.168.1.1,NT1,E0,BRI 0,E0,10.113.110.1,Cisco-a,Cisco-b,ISDN,NT1,10.113.120.1,BRI 0,192.168.2.1,510-555-1234,408-526-4000,使用PPP封装设置触发ISDN呼叫的指向目的的IP流量使用5ESS 基本速率交换机载波线路提供商指定参数的配置,配置实例：Cisco-a,! Set up Cisco-a for ISDN and DDR ! Set up hostname for Cisco-ahostname Cisco-a! Set up switch type
11、isdn switch-type basic-5ess! Set up CHAP username and password for remote routerusername Cisco-b password 111D0B04E1C020203 ! Configure BRI interface for PPP, DDR; assign to dialer-list 1interface bri 0ip address 10.113.110.1 255.255.0.0encapsulation pppdialer idle-timeout 300dialer map ip 10.113.12
12、0.1 name Cisco-b 4085264000dialer-group 1 ppp authentication chap! Configure static route to subnet on remote router E0 interfaceip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.113.120.1! Refer to protocols in dialer-list 1 to identify interesting packetsdialer-list 1 protocol ip permit,配置实例 Cisco-b,! Set up
13、Cisco-b for ISDN and DDR ! Set up hostname for Cisco-bhostname Cisco-b! Set up switch typeisdn switch-type basic-5ess! Set up CHAP username and password for remote routerusername Cisco-a password 111D0B04E1C020203 ! Configure BRI interface for PPP, DDR; assign to dialer-list 1interface bri 0ip addre
14、ss 10.113.120.1 255.255.0.0encapsulation pppdialer idle-timeout 300dialer map ip 10.113.110.1 name Cisco-a 5105551234dialer-group 1 ppp authentication chap! Configure static route to subnet on remote router E0 interfaceip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.113.110.1! Refer to protocols in dialer-lis
15、t 1 to identify interesting packetsdialer-list 1 protocol ip permit,监视BRI的PPP状态,#show interface bri0 1BRI0: B-Channel 1 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is BRI MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation PPP, loopback not set, keepalive not set lcp state = O
16、PEN ncp ccp state = OPEN ncp ipcp state = OPEN ncp osicp state = NOT NEGOTIATED ncp ipxcp state = NOT NEGOTIATED ncp xnscp state = NOT NEGOTIATED ncp vinescp state = NOT NEGOTIATED ncp deccp state = NOT NEGOTIATED ncp bridgecp state = NOT NEGOTIATED ncp atalkcp state = NOT NEGOTIATED ncp lex state =
17、 NOT NEGOTIATED Last input 1w4d, output 1w4d, output hang never Last clearing of show interface counters never Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 165 packets input, 9434 bytes, 0 no buffer
18、 Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 165 packets output, 9418 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 10 interface resets, 0 restarts 48 carrier transitions,可选的端口配置,ISDN,使用访问列表触发呼叫 使用呼叫筛选 配置调整速率 建立子地址 使用多链路PPP,访问控制列表,10.113
19、.130.1,NT1,ISDN Service Provider,BRI 0,NT1,NT1,10.113.110.1,10.113.120.1,192.168.1.1,Cisco-a,Cisco-b,Cisco-c,192.168.2.1,使用北电 DMS-100 交换机Cisco-a 允许除 IGRP路由更新以外的IP流触发 到Cisco-b 的ISDN呼叫从而访问子网192.168.1.0 。 只允许IP流量触发呼叫。配置线路提供商给定的参数,4085264000,4085271234,配置BRI DDR的访问控制列表,(config)#access-list access-list n
20、umber permit|deny protocol | protocol-keyword source source-wildcard | any destination destination-wildcard |any protocol specific options,使用标准或扩展的访问控制列表确定触发DDR呼叫的兴趣包,绑定access-list和dialer-group,(config)#dialer-list dialer-group list access-list#,配置BRI DDR的访问控制列表(续),(config-if)#dialer-group group-num
21、ber,(config-if)#dialer map protocol next-hop-address name name speed speed dial-string,指定拨号访问组到端口,定义如何访问目标ISDN设备，并配置连接速率(56或64K),访问控制列表配置例Cisco-a,! Set up Cisco-a for ISDN and DDR using access lists! Set up hostname for Cisco-ahostname Cisco-a! Set up switch typeisdn switch-type basic-dms100! Set up
22、 CHAP username and password for remote router (local user DB)username Cisco-b password 121A0C04E1C122203 ! Configure BRI interface for PPP, DDR; assign to dialer-list 1interface bri 0ip address 10.113.110.1 255.255.0.0ip passive-interfaceencapsulation pppdialer idle-timeout 300dialer map ip 10.113.1
23、20.1 name cisco-b 4085264000dialer map ip 10.113.130.1 name cisco-c 4085271234dialer-group 2 ppp authentication chap,访问列表的配置 Cisco-a (续),! Configure static routes to subnets on remote routers ethernet interfacesip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.0.0 10.113.120.1ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.0.0 10.113.130.
24、1! Define extended access lists to determine interesting traffic access list 101 deny igrp any any access-list 101 permit ip any any! Assign access lists to dialer-list dialer-list 2 list 101,配置 ISDN PRI,Router(config)#isdn switch-type switch-type,Router(config)#controller controller slot/port,Route
25、r(config-controller)#pri-group timeslots range,Step 1: 指定 ISDN 的交换机类型.,Step 2: 选择接口.,Step 3: 将接口设置成为 PRI .,ISDN PRI 实例,Router(config)#controller T1 3/0Router(config-controller)#framing esfRouter(config-controller)#linecode b8zsRouter(config-controller)#pri-group timeslots 1-24Router(config-controlle
26、r)#interface Serial3/0:23Router(config-if)#isdn switch-type primary-5essRouter(config-if)#no cdp enable,T1 Sample Configuration,Router(config)#controller E1 3/0Router(config-controller)# framing crc4Router(config-controller)# linecode hdb3Router(config-controller)# pri-group timeslots 1-31Router(con
27、fig-controller)#interface Serial3/0:15Router(config-if)# isdn switch-type primary-net5Router(config-if)# no cdp enable,E1 Sample Configuration,检测ISDN的命令,1、Ping & telnet 检测网络通讯状态2、show dialer 显示dialer string和B通道的空闲时间，连接长度，对端路由器的名字3、show isdn active 显示被拨号码和连接状态4、show isdn status 显示spid值,检测ISDN的命令（续）,5
28、、show ip route 显示路由协议情况6、debug isdn q921 查看二层信息7、debug isdn q931 查看三层信息8、debug dialer 报告报号断开和建立等活动9、isdn disconnect int bri0 关闭接口并断开一个拨号连接,拨号备份,PSTN/ISDN,配置拨号备份端口,(config-if)#backup interface async1,(config-if)#backup load enable-load |neverdisable-load | never,(config-if)#backup delay enable-delay | never disable-delay | never,为主线路配置一个拨号备份线路,设置一个流量负载的阀值,设置拨号备份的延迟时间,(config)#interface s 0 (config-if)#backup interface async 7 (config-if)#backup load 100 30 (config-if)#backup delay 10 20,拨号备份配置举例,主线路,备份线路,PSTN,
