1、高分子的设计与合成,洪春雁 潘才元,聚合物的结构 Architectures of polymers,线形聚合物 Linear polymers,PE, PP, PS, PVC etc.,均聚物,嵌段共聚物,无规共聚物,交替共聚物,非线形聚合物 Nonlinear polymers,Grafting Polymer,Comb Polymer,梳形聚合物,接枝聚合物,H- shaped and -shaped copolymers,Star polymers,星形杂臂聚合物 Miktoarm star polymers,星形聚合物,Mono-DispersedNano-SizedEgg-Like
2、 High density of surfaceFunctional groups,Hyperbranched polymers,Umbrella Copolymer,超支化聚合物,伞形聚合物,Dumbbell-shaped copolymers,哑铃形聚合物,环状聚合物,Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization, ATRP,原子转移自由基聚合,ATRP or Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization is a Polymerization reaction involving free radicals. It was intr
3、oduced as an extension to ATRA or Atom Transfer Radical Addition by Jinshan Wang and Matyjaszewski, (1995) and Sawamoto (1994/5).,Dr Krzysztof Matyjaszewski J.C. Warner Professor of Carnegie Mellon University Department of Chemistry 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213,Dr. Mistuo SawamotoDepartmen
4、t of Polymer ChemistryGraduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Kyoto,RAFT Polymerization,RAFT= Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization,Dr. Graeme Moad,CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia,He joined CSIRO as a resea
5、rch scientist in 1979 and is currently a chief research scientist. Dr Moad is coauthor of the book The Chemistry of Free Radical Polymerization which appeared as a second edition in 2006. His research interests lie in the fields of polymer design and synthesis (free radical polymerization, reactive
6、extrusion), polymerization kinetics and mechanism, and most recently polymer nanocomposites.,Dr. Ezio Rizzardo,CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia,Ezio Rizzardo is a graduate of the University of New South Wales and received his Ph.D. from the U
7、niversity of Sydney for his studies on the photochemistry of nitro compounds. He joined CSIRO in 1976 after a postdoc at Rice University, RIMAC, and the Australian National University. His CSIRO research has focused on developing methods for controlling free radical polymerization. For this he has r
8、eceived a number of awards including the RACI Australian Polymer Medal and the CSIRO Chairmans Gold Medal. Currently he is a CSIRO Fellow and a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science.,San H. Thang was born in Saigon, Vietnam, in 1954 and came to Australia in 1979 as a refugee. He completed his
9、B.Sc.(Hons) degree in 1983 and Ph.D. in 1987 from Griffith University. He joined CSIRO in 1986 as a research fellow. He then moved to ICI Australia in late 1987 to undertake the challenge of industrial research. He returned to CSIRO in late 1990, and in 1995 he was co-inventor of the RAFT Process. H
10、e is currently a senior principal research scientist at CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies where his research focuses on the interface between organic and polymer chemistry.,CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia,Dr.San H. Thang,Click Chemistr
11、y,蝌蚪形聚合物的合成,Thiol-Click,Michael addition reaction,Arthur Michael (18551942), who discovered the Michael addition reaction. (b) Schematic depiction of the Michael addition reaction.,General carbon-Michael reaction mechanistic scheme.,Second Michael addition of acetoacetate group to methyl acrylate.,M
12、ichael Addition involving an alkyne acceptor.,Higher reactivity of secondary amines in aza-Michael addition reactions.,Dendrimer,Side chain polarity,Amino Acid,Hydropathy index,Synthesis of L-valine and L-leucine type Ib dendrimers: (a) Boc-Gly-OH, DCC, DMAP-DCM; (b) TFA-DCM; (c) active ester, HOBt,
13、 DIEA, DMF-DCM; (d) Ac2O, DIEA-DC,Is Dendrimer an Antenna?,Cis- and trans- transformation of azobenzene,Irradiation at 1600 cm-1 can make the transformation of cis- to trans-?,Photoisomerization of Azodendrimer by Harvesting of Low Energy Photons,Photons (1600 cm-1),G2 dendrimers containing Coumarin
14、-2 as an energy donor and Coumarin-343 as an energy acceptor (left) and dendrimers without Coumarin-343 chromophore (right) for relative rate study.,Organic Light Emitting Diodes,Catalysis,http:/perceco2.chem.upenn.edu/percec/inthenews/denx.html,http:/ dendrimer (blue and red) attaches to multiple r
15、eceptors (pink) on cell membranes or other biological structures such as a virus.,The dendrimers (blue and red) in VivaGel interact with protein structures (yellow) on the surface of HIV, blocking the interaction of HIV (purple) with healthy human cells (pink) that results in HIV infection.,Illustra
16、tions courtesy of Starpharma Pooled Development, Ltd,Dendrimers Fighting the Spread of Diseases,基于树枝状大分子的智能型纳米容器设计合成,用化学修饰可以改善溶解、分散、加工性能，但是破坏了碳纳米管的结构。如何在改善溶解、分散、加工性能的同时，保持碳管的自身性能不被破坏？可先对碳管进行轻微修饰，把Dendrimer接到碳管的表面，尽管接枝密度很低，碳管的溶解、分散、加工性能也得到了很大提高。,Hyperbranched Polymer,Couple-monomer methodology (CMM),No filter,WU (330385nm),WB (460490nm),WG (510550nm),The End,Thank,You！,
