1、2010. 06. 24,Introduction (Principle of 3D Display)Technical Factors of 3D DisplayClassification of main 3D TechnologyLG Display 3D Technology-Map,Introduction of 3D Display,Confidential LG Display Co., Ltd. 2010,3D Display makes three-dimensional image by showing only left display data1) to left ey
2、e and right to right.,1/5,1. Introduction (Theory of 3D Display),3D Display,Real Thing,1) Left and right-viewing data recognizing left and right eye displayed to two-dimensional image,2. Technical Factors of 3D Display,3D Display needs 3D source, display and intimate integration of 3D toolsfor drivi
3、ng 3D Display.,2/5,Shutter Glasses,3. Classification of Main 3D Technology,Separatingmethod,Glasses,Non-Glasses,Glasses,Space Division,Time Division,Space Division,Time Division,Barrier,Lenticular,Switchable Barrier,Switchable Lens,Patterned Retarder,3D Display is classified by glasses or non-glasse
4、s type and separated to left / right image method.,Active Retarder,Resolution*(2D3D),Luminance*(2D3D),FHDH FHD,FHDFHD,FHDFHD,FHD(VGAHFHD),70%35%,100%20%,85%30%,80%20%,85%85%,* Basis of LCDs Resolution FHD, 100% Lum.,) Half FHD, drop of Vect. Resolution (1920x540) 9view 2view for set the Resolution,F
5、HD(VGAHFHD),3/5,3D optical film(3M社),FHDFHD,100%50%,4. LG Display 3D Technology Map, 3D Technologys Final Map,Non changing, but switchable luminance and resolution of 2D / 3D is essential technology for driving the Best 3D Display.,5/5,Brightness,Barrier,Lenticular,Patterned,retarder,Active,retarder
6、,Shutter,glasses,Switchable barrier,100%,FHD,Resolution,Switchable,lens,HD,VGA,Brightness,Barrier,Lenticular,Patterned,retarder,Active,retarder,Shutter,glasses,Switchable barrier,100%,FHD,Resolution,Switchable,lens,HD,VGA,Brightness,Barrier,Lenticular,Patterned,retarder,Active,retarder,Shutter,glass
7、es,Switchable barrier,100%,FHD,Resolution,Switchable,lens,HD,VGA,Process of 3D development,1. Space Division : Displaying the left and right images in one frame, but separating by lens/barrier/direction of polarized light.2. Time Division : Displaying the left and right images in turn (by rotation)
8、, filtering the left and right images by polarized glasses or shutter glasses.,Space Division,3D tools,Time Division,L,L,R,R,L frame,Ref 1. Space Division vs. Time Division, 9/16,R frame,2 View 3D ; Offering the image which is displayed in one direction by two eyes.Multi-view 3D ; Offering the image
9、 which is displayed in many directions.,2 view,R,L,Single Visual Point,Multi-view,Multi Visual Point,1,2,3,4,Ref 2. 2view vs. Multi view, 11/16,Characteristic,Separating the left / right image by the polarized light and glasses of patterned retarder.,Ref 3. Patterned Retarder type 3D,Patterned Retar
10、der,LCD panel,L,L,L,L,R,R,Left glass,Right glass, Advantage1) Additional equipment cost : Polarized glasses2) 3D Resolution : 35% resolution than 2D, Disadvantage 1) 3D Resolution : drop of the Vertical2) 3D Viewing Angle : Limited Up / Down angle (TV : 25, Notebook : 10 ), Glass Patterned Retarder
11、Film Patterned Retarder,TopPolarizer,Adhesive Layer,Patterned Retarder (LC & PI),Base Film,Adhesive Layer,Surface Film,Narrow Vertical 3D Viewing-Angle (V/A),Yshift,PR Film Structure,3D Cross-talk is caused by Yshift (decrease in vertical 3D V/A). Horizontal 3D V/A is equivalent to 2D V/A.,Right Eye
12、,Linear Polarization,Circular Polarization,Left Eye,Patterned Retarder Film,PolarizedGlasses,LC Panel,Top Polarizer,3D Performance with Patterned Retarder Film,Linear Polarization,BottomPolarizer,Ex) Using TV IPS,Ref 4. Film Patterned Retarder type 3D,Ref 5. Compensation of Narrow Vertical 3D Viewin
13、g-angle,PR technology is aimed at the optimization for 3D viewing angle & LCM luminance.,AS IS,Concept,To Be,Detection of 3D Cross-talk ( ),Change of Pixel Design (BM CD),Process Improvement,(1) Improved Vertical 3D V/A,(2) LCM Luminance Decrease,Yshift,PR Film,LCM,Over the Effective V/A,PR Alignmen
14、t Shift,Optimization for 3D V/A & Luminance,In the effective V/A, the 3D image separates into the right & left Image exactly.,Increase ofB/L Luminance,Decrease inTransmittance,Compensationof Luminance,Module ProcessImprovement,Yshift Minimization(Enhanced Alignment),Decrease inAperture-ratio,t=25ms,
15、Polarizerglasses,Left Shutter (60Hz),Right Shutter (60Hz),ON,ON,ON,ON,LCD(120Hz)(= 172Hz charging),Left-ImageProcessing,Left- ImageHolding,Right-ImageProcessing,Right-ImageHolding,Left-ImageProcessing,Left- ImageHolding,Right-ImageProcessing,Right-ImageHolding,VBI(32%),VBI(32%),VBI(32%),VBI(32%),Dat
16、a clock396MHz,Data clock396MHz,Data clock396MHz,Right image,Left image,Right image,Left image,Eye View,cf) LCD(120Hz),VBI(2.8%),VBI(2.8%),VBI(2.8%),VBI(2.8%),Data clock277MHz,Data clock277MHz,Data clock277MHz,Frame frequency 120Hz,Ref 6. Shutter Glasses type 3D,A method of Shutter Glasses needs high
17、 performance Panel which is drived over 120Hz and high speed IC. 1) Advantage : 3D Resolution (equal with 2D), 3D Viewing Angle (equal with 2D) 2) Disadvantage : 3D Luminance (10% in comparison with 2D), 3D power consumption (172Hz charging),Ref 6. Shutter Glasses type 3D,B/L Blinking,B/L Scanning,
18、Entire B/L “Off” at the time when real data in, Only B/L “On” at the section of VBI Effect : The Power consumption of B/L is reduced because of only B/L “On” at VBI section (32%), B/L is lighted in order followed by Vertical Frequency. Effect : The driving Frequency is reduced (170Hz 120Hz) because
19、It can be lower normal VBI level(2.8%),1st Frame,Panel,B/L,1st Frame,Panel,B/L,2nd Frame,LCD(120Hz)(= 172Hz charging),VBI(32%),LCD(120Hz),VBI(2.8%),Frame frequency 120Hz(8.3ms),Frame frequency 120Hz(8.3ms),Data clock396MHz,Data clock277MHz,There are diversity technologies for reducing the power cons
20、umption and driving method in the Shutter Glasses type 3D.,LCD(120Hz)(= 172Hz charging),VBI(32%),VBI(32%),VBI(32%),VBI(32%),Data clock396MHz,Data clock396MHz,cf) LCD(120Hz),VBI(2.8%),VBI(2.8%),VBI(2.8%),VBI(2.8%),Data clock277MHz,Data clock277MHz,Frame frequency 120Hz,3D Display timing,Regular timin
21、g,VBI rate = VBLANCKING / (VACTIVE+VBLANCKING) = 508/(1080+508) = 32%,1H time = 1V time / VLINES-Total = (1/120) / (1080+508) = 5.24us,1H time = 1V time / VLINES-Total = (1/120) / (1080+31) = 7.5us,VBI rate = VBLANCKING / (VACTIVE+VBLANCKING) = 31/(1080+31) = 2.8%,We can calculate data speed of 3D d
22、isplay from 1H time of 3D display and VLINES-total of regular timing comparing to regular model. (1/ X Hz) / (1080 + 31) = 5.24us X 172Hz,1080,508,1080,31,Ref 6. Shutter Glasses type 3D,Concept and Characteristic,Driving time sequential 3D image by using Active retarder and Polarized glasses.,TFT- L
23、CD,ActiveRetarder panel,Polarizerglasses,t=0,t=8.3ms,t=16.7ms,t=25ms,Time,1 frame,2 frame,3 frame,Sequentially Switching Circular Polarization Status,Ref 7. Active Retarder type 3D, Advantage1) 3D Resolution : Equal with 2D2) 3D Luminance : 30% lower than 2D3) 3D additional equipment cost : Lower th
24、an Shutter glasses, Disadvantage 1) Cost increase : added control panel2) 3D C/T : Better than Shutter,Comparison to Shutter Glasses vs. Active Retarder,Shutter glasses type 3D: Separating L/R image by glasses which is synchronized with screen.Active retarder type 3D: Separating L/R image by polariz
25、ed glasses and attached cell.,Screen with Polarized Glasses,Screen with Shutter Glasses,Ref 7-1. Shutter glasses vs. Active Retarder,Ref. 2/16,Switchable barrier 3D is non-glasses 3D type, the 2nd cell attached to the screen functions as Barrier plate for reaching each image to each eye.,Barrier cel
26、l,LCD panel,Concept,Characteristic, Advantage1) Non-glasses type2) Driving 3D at 60Hz3) Convertible 2D/3D,Ref 8. Switchable Barrier type 3D,Ref. 6/16, Disadvantage1) Low-Luminance 3D (15% than base panel)2) Lower 3D Resolution (following with number of View)3) 3D Viewing Angle : Limited Left/Right,L
27、ens,LCD panel,Lens 3D is non-glasses 3D type that transmits the Left/Right image to the other direction by attached Plastic lens plate, Making three-dimensional image when persons eyes are on an appropriate point.,Ref. 8/16,L,R,R,L,L,R,R,L,L,R,Lens,LCD panel,Concept,Characteristic, Advantage 1) Non-
28、glasses type2) Driving 3D at 60Hz3) High Luminance 3D ( 95% than base panel),Ref 9. Lenticular type 3D, Disadvantage 1) Lower 2D Resolution Impossibility of switching 2D/3D (Lower 3D Resolution in proportion to the number of View) 2) 3D Viewing Angle : Limited Left/Right,Switchablelens cell,LCD pane
29、l,Switchable lens type 3D is non-glasses 3D type that the 2nd cell attached to the screen functions as Barrier plate for reaching each image to each eye. LGD is currently working on the own technology.,Concept,Characteristic, Advantage1) Non-glasses type2) Driving 3D at 60Hz3) Convertible 2D/3D4) Hi
30、gh Luminance 3D (85% than base panel),Ref 10. Switchable Lens type 3D,Ref. 7/16, Disadvantage1) Lower 3D Resolution : following with number of View3) 3D Viewing Angle : Limited Left/Right,Ref 11. 3D optical film type 3D (3M社),Separating the Left/Right image of eyes by L/R edge LED that drives synchr
31、onically following the L/R image frame input after Putting on the 3D film between LCD and BL (Double edge LED).,(fig3) Auto-stereoscopic Left/right viewing mechanism with 3D display using 3D optical film,Characteristic, Advantage1) Non-glasses2) Convertible 2D/3D3) 3D Resolution: equal with 2D, Disa
32、dvantage1) 3D power consumption : Increase by 120Hz2) 3D Luminance : 50% than 2D3) 3D Viewing Angle : Limited Left/Right,Ref. 2/12,Ref 12. History of 3D Technology,1838,Stereoscope ViewerUsing 2 mirrorsby Wheatstone,1849,Stereoscope Viewerusing prism,1853,Red-Blue wayAnaglyph,1891,Polarized way3D Di
33、splay,1908,Integral Photography(Needs no glasses),1915,Lenticular(Needs no glasses),1903,1st 3D Movie(Screening short 3D movies),1922,1st commercial purpose movie- The Power of Love (Anaglyph way),1950s,3D Movie Boom- Using 2 polarized projection. 3D-movies production (During 5years, 65ea),Spreading
34、 making film / screening 3D-Animation or Movie.,1953,3D Broadcasting(In America, the first),1980,First 3D Digital broadcastingLA Cable Broadcaster“Select TV”(Anaglyph),1990,Starting3D broadcasting project in Europe,1998,NHK transmitthe winter Olympics in Nagoya into 3D,2002,3D demonstration relaying
35、(W/C in Korea)(ETRI),2007,BS11 broadcasts3D TV(Commercial purpose),2006,1ST real 3D movie using photographing way“Journey to the Center of the Earth”,2000s,2009,Blu-Ray Solution,Since 1838, a history of 3D Tech. is developing through 3D-Tech. and changes of analog to digital.,Source : Correspondence Conference 2010, 60s, 60s, 60s,Analog Tech. Era,Digital Tech. Era,
