1、Tag Questions 反意疑问句 什么是反意疑问句 ? 反意问句，是说话人对自己讲述的事实不是十分有把握，提出了肯定与否定或者否定与肯定的两种看法，让对方加以判断。 反意问句的构成可分为两部分，前一部分是个肯定句，后面反意问句就是否定的；如果前一部分是否定句，后面反意问句就是肯定句。所以从表面上看，反意问句应该比较简单。例如： He likes playing football, doesnt he? 他喜欢踢足球 , 是吗？ Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 是的。 / 不是。 His sister didnt attend the meeting, did
2、 she? 他妹妹没有参加会议 , 是吗？ Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 不 , 她参加了。 / 是的 , 她没参加。 按语法规则来说，后半部分的反意问句非常短，就两个词：助动词 代词，如： , may I? / did she? / dont they?/ should he? 等等。但是，在什么情况下使用什么样的助动词，在什么情况下使用什么样的代词，就比较复杂了。本课件中的相关注意事项，就是谈这个问题的。下面各位同学，我们一起来看看，我们到底要注意的是什么。 在进行讲解时，我想让各位在座的学生明确以下问题： 反意疑问部分通常是缩略式，但有时也有不缩略的，不过
3、 not的位置不同： You saw him, did you not? 1、陈述部分的谓语动词如果是系动词 to be；反意疑问部分要重复陈述部分的 be动词的相应形式： Hes ready, isnt he? There wasnt enough time, was there? Excuse me, Im rather careless, arent I? 注意：陈述部分的主语是 I，疑问部分要用arent i. 2、陈述部分的谓语动词如果是 to have,表示 “ 有 ” 的意思时，反意疑问部分可以重复 have，也可用 do： Xiao Wang has a new book, h
4、asnt(或 doesnt) he? 如果 have不表示 “ 有 ” 而表示其他意思，反意疑问部分只用 do： They all had a good time, didnt they? You sometimes have breakfast at seven, dont you? 3、陈述部分如果没带助动词或情态动词，谓语动词是行为动词的一般时态，反意疑问部分要用助动词dont， doesnt或 didnt。 Edward lives here, doesnt he? You found your book, didnt you? 4、陈述部分如果带情态动词或助动词，反意疑问部分一般重复
5、情态动词或助动词： We cant take the book out, can we? Marys coming tomorrow, isnt she? Bill didnt want to go, did he? You will have a meeting this evening, wont you? 但要注意这几种情况： a.陈述部分带 have to时，反意疑问部分用 do 或 have，以 do为常见： You have to go right now, dont you? We have to learn everything for ourselves, dont we(或
6、 havent we)? b.陈述部分带 used to时，反意疑问部分用 usednt或 didnt都可以，但在口语中倾向于后者： Our class monitor used to live in Huizhou, usednt he(或 didnt he)? c.陈述部分带有 must，表示“必须”时，反意疑问部分仍用 must或mustnt： We must study hard, mustnt we? 如果陈述部分的 must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问部分句用 need或neednt： All the students must learn English, neednt they?
7、 如果陈述部分的 must表示一种“推测”，反意疑问部分的动词要与陈述部分谓语的含义相呼应： He must be ill, isnt he? Must+不定式完成时态表示对过去情况做一种推测时，陈述部分若有明确的过去时间状语，反意疑问部分就用过去时。 Mr. Zhang must have been to Shanghai, hasnt he? They must have succeeded in the experiment last week, didnt they? 此外，当陈述部分中的 must not表示 “ 禁止 ” 时，反意疑问部分除用must外，还可用 may： I mus
8、t not do the work, must I(或 may I)? d. 陈述部分带 ought to时，反意疑问部分仍用 ought： She ought to go by bus, oughtnt she? 但在美国英语中往往用 should： She ought to go by bus, shouldnt she? 5、陈述部分若带否定词或准否定词 never, neither, no (adj.), none, no one, nobody, nothing, scarcely, barely, hardly, hardly ever, seldom等时，反意疑问部分用肯定形式：
9、 None of your friends liked the film, did they? No one came, did they? Nothing was said, was it? 6、陈述部分的主语是不定代词 everyone, everybody, somebody, someone, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, none, neither时，反意疑问部分的主语用 they： None of the bottles are broken, are they? Neither of them complained, did they? 陈述部
10、分用 one作主语时，反意疑问部分的主语在正式场合用 one，在非正式场合可用 you： One cant be too careful, can one/can you? 此外还有几种要注意的情况： 祈使句后也可有反意疑问句，这种反意疑问句用肯定形式或否定形式都可以，但在语气上以肯定式较为婉转： Help me with English, will you(或 wont you)? Come down quickly, cant you(或 can you)? 如果祈使句是否定形式，反意疑问部分只能用肯定形式： Dont do that, will you? 祈使句后的反意疑问句有时还可以用
11、 why dont you? Take a rest, why dont you? 有时为了使祈使语气更加缓和，可在反意疑问句中加上 please，或改用 would You? Give me that dictionary, will you please? Just open the window, would you? 如果祈使句是 lets开头，反意疑问句用 shall we? Lets study together, shall we? 如果以 let us开头的祈使句意义上不包括对方在内，这时的 let us相当于 allow us, 反意疑问句用 will you?(要注意let
12、 us不写作 lets) Let us know whether you can do it, will you? 以 let me开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用 will you?有时也可用 may I? Let me have a try, will you? Let me help you, may I? 还有一种不普遍的反意疑问句，即陈述部分和反意疑问部分都用肯定形式，或都用否定形式。这种反意疑问句用于表示说话人对所述的内容的看法，带有感情色彩，不要求回答，一般称作 修辞性疑问句 ： You saw him, did you? Oh, so you havent touched a dro
13、p for years, havent you? 这种反意疑问句有时也可用 right, eh, ok等词来充当： Were old friends, not strangers, right? 如果在对话中对于对方的讲话表示强烈的感情色彩，可用简略的陈述回答，反意疑问句可以是肯定式，也可以是否定式： I borrowed your car. Oh, you did, did you? I didnt think youd need it. Oh, you didnt, didnt you? 注意： 反意疑问句的主语有时可以与陈述部分的主语不同，这时反意疑问句相当于 how about you
14、?或 what do you think?用于征求对方的意见： I find this book very interesting, dont you (how about you)? I think weve done enough today, dont you (what do you think)? 如果陈述部分是复合句，主句中的谓语动词是 not + suppose, think, believe,fancy, expect等这类表示转移否定的句子时，反意疑问句的主语要与复合句中宾语从句的主事相一致，但动词要用肯定形式。 I dont suppose anyone will volu
15、nteer, will they? I dont think he will come tomorrow, will he? 但如果这种复合句是肯定意义的句子，主句和从句都没有否定意义，反意疑问句就要用否定形式，但主语则仍与复合句中从句的主语一致： I suppose Bills playing, isnt he? comes to practice 1 Its the third time that John has been late, _? A. hasnt he B. isnt he C. isnt it D. hasnt it 2 Lets take a rest, _. A. wi
16、ll we B. shall we C. shant we D. wont we 3 Let us pass, _? A. shant we B. shall we C. wont we D. will you 4 Wait a minute, _? A. shall you B. will you C. do you D. dont you C B D B 5 The suits finished, _? A. doesnt it B. isnt it C. havent you D. hasnt it 6 Hes posted the letter, _he? A. isnt B. doe
17、snt C. hasnt D. wasnt 7 Theyd go with us, _? A. wouldnt they B. didnt they C. hadnt they D. couldnt they 8 What fresh air, _? A. is it B. does it C. isnt it D. doesnt it B C A C 9 The Emperors clothes became the talk of the whole city, _? A. did it B. didnt it C. did they D. didnt they 10 Mr. And Mr
18、s. Turner work in this hospital, _? A. are they B. arent they C. do they D. dont they 11 She has breakfast at six every day, _? A. has she B. hasnt she C. does she D. doesnt she 12 Nothing seems to please her, _? A. does it B. doesnt it C. is it D. isnt it D D D A 13 She never tells a lie, _? A. doe
19、s she B. doesnt she C. is it D. isnt it 14 You hardly know each other, _? A. do you B. dont you C. have you D. didnt you 15 The man in blue must be your brother, _? A. mustnt he B. neednt he C. isnt he D. is he 16 I dont think he will come to our party, _? A. will he B. wont he C. does he D. do I A
20、A C A 17 I suppose hes serious, _? A. do I B. dont I C. is he D. isnt he 18 Wang said that he was not there then, _? A. did he B. didnt he C. was he D. wasnt he 19 You darent say that to him, _? A. dare you B. do you C. darent you D. dont you 20 You must have read about Dickens long ago, _? A. mustnt you B. havent you C. cant you D. didnt you D B A D see u ）
