1、Some New words in English,According to Oxford Dictionary, about 90,000 new words have found their way into English language over the past 100 years.,Outline,I. Meaning of a vogue word II. The reasons of the development of new words1. The rapid development of science and technology2. The change of pe
2、oples life3. The changeable situation of the globe4. The development of economy,Outline,III. Three origins for new words1. Creation of new words (the main source of buzzwords)2. Adoption of old words with new meanings3. Adoption of borrowed words IV. Four ways of the formation of new words1. poundin
3、g3.abbreviation4.analogy V. Translation of some vogue words from Chinese,I. Whats a new word (vogue word, or buzzword)?a new word (vogue word): a word currently fashionable which can not be found in the current dictionary,a buzzword: 1. a fashionable piece of esp. technical or computer jargon2. a ca
4、tchword; a slogan,II. The reasons of the development of new words 1. The rapid development of science and technology noise pollution, visual pollution, laser printer, human cloning, behavior science, bionics, space-age, space-man, space-station, electric-blanket, pressure cooker,2. The change of peo
5、ples life shopping mall, food court, toast oven, event movie/picture, actioner/action film, homecinema/theater, fitness center, extreme sports, rock climbing,3. The changeable situation of the globe hotline, trade war, jungle war, suicide bombing, eco-terrorism,4. The development of economy global m
6、arketing (全球营销战略), public relation, e-commerce, corporate culture, securities market/film, multinatioanl corporation,III. Three ways for new words 1. Creation of new words (the main source of buzzwords) euro, Mc Job, latchkey kid, sandstorm, sars, instant coffee, brain trust, househusband uppers, do
7、wners, acid, open marriage, trial marriage, gay/lesbian family,common-law family (同居式家庭), unwed family,single-parent household, test-tube baby, sexchange, bachelor mother clintonomics, clinton-speak, clintonize on-line Obama, Obamacare;Obamacize compudisk, computalk, compuword duty-free shop, nuclea
8、r-free zone, ice-free port, worry-free pensioners,2. Adoption of old words with new meanings nice: foolish wantonstrange lazy coy critical - attentive -agreeable-pleasant gay: gay bar, gay friend, gay lib, gayrights, gay community needle, mouse, hijack, moonlight, white collar, blue collar, grey col
9、lar, pink collar,3. Adoption of borrowed words Chinese: gai-ge, jiao zi, chao fan, chao mian typhoon, kungfu, tofu, mahjong, wushu, won ton, qigong, maotai, coolie big leap forward, one country with two systems, let a hundred flowers blossom, special economic zone, running dog, both red and expert,
10、paper tiger, autumn tiger, laid-off workers, open-door policy, enter by the back door, spring rolls,China rose, China ink, Chinese calendar French: encore, visa, apres-ski, laissez-faire, rendezvous Spanish: autopista(freeway;highway) Portuguese: favela(slum in Brazil) Japanese: tycoon, sushi, tsuna
11、mi, sumo,Some borrowed words frequently appearing in the news,attach 法语 随行人员 glasnost 俄语 公开性；开放 jujitsu 日语 柔术 karate 日语 空手道 laissez-faire 法语 自由主义 Lebensraum 德语 生存空间per annum 拉丁语 每年 rapport 法语 和睦；友好rendezvous 法语 约会(地点)sumo 日语 相扑 karaoke; judo; per capita; tsunami,IV. Four ways of the formation of new
12、 words 1. affixation a. prefix cyber -( of computer, electronic communication and electronic highway):,cyberculture, cyber-investing, cyberspeak, cyberfriend, cyberwonk, cybergirl, cyberaddiction, cyberstar, cyberchat, cybercrime, cyberspeed, cyber-companion, cyberfiction, cyberspace anti-: antismog
13、, antifat, anti-poverty program,super-: superman, supercomputer, super-rich b. suffix -wise: clockwise, likewise, weatherwise, taxiwise, bugetwise, experiencewise, educationwise -gate: Watergate, Monicagate, Irangate, White Watergate, Camillagate, Nannygate,-speak: techno-speak, China-speak, teacher
14、-speak, artspeak, media-speak, college-speak, computerspeak, oldspeak, bizspeak, sportspeak, lawyerspeak,-cast: broadcast, radiocast, newscast, sportscast, telecast, colorcast -holic (alcoholic): workholic, beerholic, move-holic, teleholic,pounding fat farm, motor home, litterbag, theme park, mail o
15、rder, letter bomb, generation gap, laundry list 3.abbreviation newsboy, MC(master of ceremony), Afram (Afro American), GA (General Assembly), grad, be gonna, gotta, wanna,talkathon (talk marathon) walkathon (walk marathon) humint (human intelligence) Japlish (Japanese English) masscult (mass culture
16、),libber (liberation supporter) peekture (peek picture),4.analogy birds eye, worms eye; sunrise, moonrise; spaceman, earthman, moonman; boycott, girlcott; baby boom, baby bust; nightmare, daymare;,cold war, hot war; man of letters, lady of letters; white-collar, blue- collar, grey-collar（服务、修理行业人员）,
17、 pink- collar（秘书、护士等）, gold-collar（专业技术熟练员工）, bright-collar(成功人士), open-collar（在家工作的人）,Chinas actual conditions 中国国情 be honest in performing ones official duties 廉洁奉公 build a clean and honest government; construction of a clean government 廉政建设 abuse of power for personal gain；misuse of power for pri
18、vate interest 以权谋私 corruption reporting centre 举报中心,be responsible for ones own profit and loss 自负盈亏 jack up price 哄抬物价 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 大龄青年 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park 创业园,material progress 物质文明 intellectual and ideological development 精神文明 rip off 宰客 is
19、sue IOUs 打白条 network of personal connections 关系网 risk ones fortune in business 下海 job-hop 跳槽,lucky draw 抽奖 Yangtze River delta tax avoidance 避税 Localization settling-in allowance 安家费 interdisciplinary talent 复合型人才,jerry-built project 豆腐渣工程 worse off than some, better off than many 比上不足比下有余 fight cor
20、ruption and build a clean government 反腐倡廉 real estate market Comfortable Housing Project 安居工程 to buy a house on mortgage; to mortgage a house,窗口行业 Service industry/ service trade 宠物医院 Pet clinic 城际列车 Inter-city train 菜鸟 Green hand 跨国公司 Multinational company 拜金主义 Money worship,白手起家 Start from scratch
21、 百年老店 century-old shop 东道国 Host country 倒计时 countdown 打假 Crack down on fake products 保护伞 Protective umbrella 傍大款 find a sugar daddy; be a mistress for a rich man; lean on a moneybag,blood-cemented friendship 鲜血凝成的友谊 poverty-stricken area 贫困地区 export-oriented economy 外向型经济 well-informed source 消息灵通人士
22、,保值储蓄 inflation-proof deposit 步行街 vehicle-free promenade/ street 无息贷款 interest-free loan 劳动力密集型企业 labor-intensive enterprise 长期低息贷款 long-term，low-interest loan,温饱工资 hand-to-mouth pay 彻夜宵禁 dusk-to-dawn curfew 一触即发的局势touch-and-go affair 可视电话 see-while-you-talk phone 无微不至的关怀 good-to-excellent care 现场采访
23、 on-the-spot interview 在职培训 on-the-job training;,给力 gelivable 不给力 ungelivable 富二代 the rich second generation/the second-generation rich “贫二代” the poor second-generation 蜗婚 living together apart “蜗婚”，大体是指夫妻“离婚不离家”的情况。 伪娘 cross-dresser/newhalf,秒杀 seckilling/instant killing 裸捐 all-out donation 裸婚 naked
24、 wedding 裸官 naked official 裸考 non-prepared exam,砖家 brickexpert 叫兽 profartssor 折腾 Z-turn 坑爹 dad-killer; condad 淘气 kidult 笑而不语 smilence 围观 circusee,白富美 baifubeauty; baitiful 高富帅 gaoshuairich; gay fool shy 微博控 weiboholic 基友 gayfriend 躲猫猫 suihide 又爱又恨 lohate 闹心 scraheart,The main points,I. Meaning of a
25、vogue word II. The reasons of the development of new words1. The rapid development of science and technology2. The change of peoples life3. The changeable situation of the globe4. The development of economy III. Three origins for new words1. Creation of new words (the main source of buzzwords)2. Adoption of old words with new meanings3. Adoption of borrowed words IV. Four ways of the formation of new words1. pounding3.abbreviation4.analogy V. Translation of some vogue words from Chinese,Thank you,
