1、名词 1.专有名词:指个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称,如Gina, China等。专有名词的第一个字母要大写。普通名词:如 the desk, a girl 2.可数名词(Countable Nouns)是指可以计数的名词,有单复数形式,如an hour, two hoursa.前面可用a,an限定b.前面可用one, two等数词限定c.可以在后面加-s或 -es变复数不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)是指不能计数的名词,一般没有复数形式如 broccoli, rice, milk, bread等a.前面不能用a,an限定b.前面不能用one, two等数词限定c.但前面可用
2、容器 a bowl of, a cup of或 a piece of等限定容器可数 ,如two bowls of rice, four pieces of bread等d.没有复数形式,既可当可数名词,也可当不可数名词的词如ice cream, salad, food, fruit, chicken, fish等,做可数时,要么表示份数,要么表示种类,要么表示有生命力的生物, 做不可数时,表示食物本身。(1) ice-cream 冰淇淋(指成份) an ice-cream 一个冰淇淋,一份冰淇淋(2) salad 沙拉(指成份)a salad 一碟沙拉,一份沙拉(3) chicken 鸡肉a
3、chicken 一只小鸡(4) I like fruit. 水果(指食物)And my favorite fruits are apples and bananas.(指种类),Names of food porridge 稀饭 noodles 面条 bread 面包 toast 烤面包 steamed bread 馒头 dumplings 饺子 soup 汤 sausage 香肠 meat 肉 beef 牛肉,牛排 fried chicken 炸鸡 chips 薯片 薯条,可数名词单数变复数规则 1一般情况下,直接加-s,清辅音后读/s/, 浊辅音和元音后读/z/. 如:book-books
4、 /s/, bag-bags /z/, 但在以ce, se, ze, ge等结尾的词后,读/iz/, 如:price-prices /iz/, case-cases /iz/, orange-oranges /iz/ 2以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,读/iz/,如:bus-buses /iz/, box-boxes /iz/, watch-watches /iz/ 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,读/z/,如:family-families /z/, strawberry-strawberries /z/; 但元音字母+y结尾属一般情况,直接加-s, 读/z/,如
5、boy-boys /z/, day-days /z/, key-keys /z/, 4以“f或fe”结尾, 变f或fe为v, 再加-es,读/vz/, 如:knife-knives, wife-wives/vz/, wolf-wolves /vz/ 5. 以o结尾,有生命的加es, 无生命的加s, 读/z/, 如:tomato-tomatoes /z/, potato-potatoes /z/, zoo-zoos /z/, photo-photos /z/ 6少数名词的复数形式是不规则的,如:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewo
6、man-policewomen, child-children , mouse-mice, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese个别词单复数形式相同,如:a sheep-two sheep , a deer-six deer, a Chinese-many Chinese, a Japanese-four Japanese,名词单复数练习题 一. 用所给名词的正确形式填空。 1. I have two_ . (knife) 2. There are many _ here. (box) 3. There are many _ on the road. (bus
7、) 4. A few _ are drawing on the wall. (boy) 5. The _ are playing football now. (child) 6. Two _ live in this building . ( family ) 7. Do you want some _ for dinner? (potato) 8. In autumn, you can see a lot of _ on the ground. (leaf) 9. I like to eat cake with _ . (cherry) 10. They come from differen
8、t . (country) 11. _ are good for our health. (tomato) 12. Do you want to drink some ? (milk) 13. My sister has two . One is old,the other is new. (watch) 14. I can see a _ standing near the door. (policeman),knives,boxes,buses,boys,children,families,potatoes,leaves,cherries,countries,Tomatoes,milk,w
9、atches,policeman,二. 选择填空 1. How many _ do you see in the picture?A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato 2. There are some _ in these _.A. knifespencil-boxes B. knivespencils-boxC. knivespencil-box D. knivespencils-boxes 3 There is no _ in the plate.A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs 4. _ a
10、nd _ are not friends.A. Foxswolfs B. Foxeswolfes C. Foxeswolves D. Foxeswolfs 三. 选择正确的词形 1 How many (radioes, radios) can you see? 2 There are 36 (boys, boies) in my class. 3 Look at those (sheeps, sheep). 4 I dont want (a, an) old cup. 5 Give me that (box, boxes), please.,B,D,C,C,四. 将以下单复数句进行转换 1Th
11、is is a knife. _ 2That is a tomato. _ 3That child is very good. _ 4 . These are mice. _ 5Those are children. _ 6. They like the broccoli. _五. 写出下列单词的复数I _him _this _ her _ watch _ child _photo _ mouse _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _ thief _yo-yo _peach_ sandwich _ man_ wom
12、an_ sheep_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ tooth_ foot _ key _ comedy _,These are knives.,Those are tomatoes.,Those children are very good.,That is a mouse.,That is a child.,He likes the briccoli.,we,they,these,them,watches,children,photos,mice,days,feet,books,dresses,teeth,sheep,boxes,strawberries,thieves,yo-yos,peaches,sandwiches,men,women,sheep,juice,teeth,feet,keys,comedies,