1、 郑仁强 4 月写作预测（上）（2014. 03.17 期）第一题Some people think that politicians have the greatest influence on the world. Other people, however, believe that scientists have the greatest influence. Discuss both of views and give your opinion.一、政治家牛逼操作邪恶和美好影响世界1、邪恶： 冲突和战争很多源于政治，带来痛苦还是结束残暴？ 举例：二战、民族英雄；2、好的一面： 多边会
2、议改善人民生活。举例：WTO、联合国二、科学家也 牛逼技术突破有建设、有破坏1、三次工业革命，全新世界；2、武器制作制造战争，举例：美国在伊拉克导弹导致畸形儿In a global setting, politicians exert their influence on the world through their manipulation of both evil and good activities. Throughout history, most of the conflicts and wars, which either introduced times of misery
3、or ended periods of ruthless rule, could be traced to political motivations. One can easily recall the names of the important figures that staged the two world wars, or the national heroes that changed the course of their domestic development. On the good side, statesmen in different countries gathe
4、r at multilateral conferences and discuss the ways to cooperate to improve the lives of their people. For example, the WTO and the UN, started and operated by politicians, have provided numerous benefits to both advanced countries and backward ones.In comparison, scientists have always been affectin
5、g our lives as well. The technological breakthroughs conjured by scientists are constructive and destructive at the same time. The three industrial revolutions have transformed the ways of social production and the ways we live, making humans step into a brand new world. However, the advancement of
6、weapon making has also inflicted great pains on people from war zones. For instance, many Iraqi mothers gave birth to defected children after the US and armies from other countries launched numerous missiles on its land during the Iraqi war.第二题There are an increasing number of people who do not know
7、 their neighbors, what causes this situation? How to solve?一、原因1、城市化：过去-农村，隔得近，互动多，底楼和庭院现在-套房，垂直方向，没交流2、生活和工作方式改变：农村-露天干活，闲聊走动城市-赶着上下班二、解决工作重心转移，主动拜访搞活动，小区管理方参与带头The spreading phenomenon of not knowing ones neighbors is mainly caused by urbanization. In the past, people lived in villages and had the
8、ir separate houses built near to each others. Therefore it was quite convenient and inevitable for them to have interactions on a daily basis, particularly when so many of them had most of their activities on the first floor and in shared areas like the courtyards. But now, as urbanization has made
9、its presence felt in more and more places, a consequently increasing number of people live in small confined spaces called apartments. Modern residential buildings, with different households separated in a perpendicular rather than a horizontal way and only the stairs and lifts used commonly, provid
10、e few opportunities for the habitants inside to communicate with each other, let alone establish good relationships.Besides, the changing lifestyles and ways of work brought by urbanization are also alienating people from their neighbors. In rural places, people do their farm work in open space and
11、have a lot chances to bump into each other and have conservations; during their free time, they can also wander about and meet their acquaintances just steps away. In comparison, city dwellers go to their offices in the morning and punch out in the afternoon, rushing directly home and shutting the d
12、oor afterwards, with no time allocated for neighbors.To solve this strange problem, people need to focus less on their work and find some time to get to know their neighbors by initiating a visit or doing some activities together during the weekend. Such things would become much easier if the manage
13、ment of the neighborhood can step in and make a start.第三题In some countries, young people are not only richer, but also safer and healthier than ever more. However, they are less happy. What might be the main reasons of this? What can be done for this?一、不快乐的原因1、教育，前程，成绩和名校-高考2、自我迷失，心理不成熟二、怎么办1、政府干预：新
14、政策改革考核标准，人性化2、父母指导，给建议The pressure of study is a major cause of the unhappiness of young people in many countries. As society develops, it has become increasingly important for young people to receive a good education so that they can have a better future. Therefore many children have to work very h
15、ard to get outstanding academic performance and enter prestigious schools. Taking China as an example, the Gaokao or college entrance examination is a very fierce competition, the result of which is directly linked to the examinees future development. Students start to prepare for this be-all-and-en
16、d-all battle since primary school and in many cases have to take extra efforts and courses to earn some edge over their competitors. Such a cruel reality is certainly not going to make the affected any happier. Besides, the loss of identity is also contributing to young peoples tendency towards depr
17、ession. Young people are not mentally matured, so the ways they see the world and themselves are not always right. Sometimes they try to make out who they are, the meaning and purposes of their lives, and etc., but their lack of experience only leads to further confusion.To save young people from fa
18、lling deeper into the black of unhappiness, governments should take some effective measures to intervene. For instance, education departments can introduce some new policies to reform their current appraisal standards of students, making education less pressurized and more humanized. Besides, parent
19、s also should play their roles in guiding their children in the journeys of life, giving advice when necessary.第四题Society is based on rules and laws. It could not function if individuals were free to do whatever they want. To what extent do you agree or disagree?一、有法律法规的好处1、能让社会正常运转（举例：交通规则）2、能维护社会稳
20、定，震慑犯人。3、能保护人们的合法权利二、但要适度不能太过不能任何事都限制，一定范围内要言论自由（举例：中国上访问题）Rules and laws make it possible for society to function in an organized way. We seem to take the convenience and efficiency of public transportation for granted, but everything would fall into chaos with endless congestion and crashes if no
21、traffic rules were imposed. The same is true in other areas of life, where the regulations and legislation implemented serve to keep things in good order. Also, rules and laws are important to the maintenance of social stability. Undeniably, there are criminals in every society. Without the deterren
22、ce of criminal laws, these people would commit all the crimes they could possibly think of, vandalizing the cities, burgling the riches, robbing banks, etc. there is no way one can lead a normal life with such activities going on around. Moreover, rules and laws are the basic tools to protect our le
23、gal rights. For instance, we can claim economic compensation at a court if we are cheated in a business transaction and keep those swindlers in check.However, it is neither reasonable nor necessary to limit individuals behavior in every way. For example, people should have the freedom of speech as l
24、ong as they are not making any threats or slanders. So it is quite controversial when the Chinese government put its citizens in detention when they report their grievances to higher authorities for help.第五题Children who are brought up in families which do not have a great amount of money are better
25、prepared to deal with the problems of adult life than children who are brought up by wealthy parents. Do you agree or disagree？1、穷人孩子早当家的原因： 穷孩子：艰难困苦，独立，适应性强 富孩子：缺乏经验2、个性区别（赞穷孩子）： 面对工作：咬牙坚持 vs.抱怨放弃 人际交往：谦恭受欢迎vs.自我中心3、个性区别（赞富孩子） 人脉：朋友多 vs.没人脉 处理压力：倾诉释放压力 vs.憋着变成蛇精病Children brought up in poor families
26、 have often been through a lot of hardships and are more independent. So poor-born grown-ups are used to dealing with difficult situations and making the best of their circumstances; while those born with a silver spoon in their mouths usually have a life of ease before entering society, lacking in
27、the experience of tackling problems.In face of the pressure from work, poor-borns will choose to bite the bullet like they did before; while wealthy-borns may complain and even quit the job, because things are not as plain sailing as before. The reason why the unemployment rate is so high lies partl
28、y in the fact that some wealthy-borns are too proud to take the jobs lower than their expectations. When it comes to dealing with people, poor-borns may also enjoy more popularity because of their humble attitude and respect for others. Wealthy-borns however, may find it difficult to cater to other
29、people, for many of them are raised self-centered.However, wealthy-borns may have many powerful friends, who can be very useful on some difficult occasions; while poor-borns are disadvantaged in connections when stepping into the adult world. Besides, wealthy-borns tend to tell their worries and pro
30、blems to their friends and family members, which is good for the release of their pressure and their mental health; poor-borns in contrast, keep things to themselves and gradually become mentally disturbed due to their independent characteristics. There are many cases of people taking revenge on soc
31、iety just because of their mishandling of pressure, most of whom are poor- borns.第六题The gap between the rich and the poor is becoming much wider, the rich more rich, the poor even more poorer. What problems can the situation cause and give the solutions?一、导致的问题：1、阻碍经济发展：购买力减弱，企业倒闭，失业2、政府税收减少，扶持穷人少，恶
32、性循环3、破坏和谐社会，有人没钱，有人烧钱，社会不 稳定二、怎么解决1、增加穷人收入，协调城乡发展，工商业迁入2、限制国企高管薪水The widening gap between the rich and the poor can seriously hinder economic development through a lot of chain reactions: the weakening buying power of the majority leads to fierce competition that forces many small and middle enterpr
33、ises with relatively less strength to close down, resulting in a drop in both investment and jobs, which then blocks the way for poor people to increase their income through work and dampens the governments tax revenue, leaving less money to subsidize the needy, thus causing a vicious cycle. The wor
34、sening income disparity also undermines the goal of a harmonious society. The working class is constantly preoccupied with the unaffordable medical service, education, housing etc.; while the rich are leading dissolute and sinful lives. Such a world of difference prompts some people to resort to ill
35、egal approaches like corruption, robbery, theft, prostitution, and so on to make money, contributing to social instability.To solve these problems, we must find ways to increase the income of the have-nots. A major breakthrough lies in the coordination of the development of the cities and rural area
36、s. City dwellers usually earn several times the money rural people make because of the advantages of urbanization. The odds can be hopefully made even if more businesses and industries can move to the countryside. Besides, limiting the salary of executives of state-owned companies is part of the sol
37、ution, too. In industries like railway and electricity monopolized by the government, the high positioned administrators usually enjoy staggeringly high salaries, aggravating the unequal distribution of wealth.第七题In some countries around the world, men and women are having children later in life. Wh
38、at do you think cause the situation? What are the effects on society and family life?一、原因1. 教育状况改善二十多岁还在上学2. 成本高（结婚基本条件：房、车、工作；婚后育儿费和教育费）3. 文化改变，家庭核心, 孩子主导丁克二、影响1. 对社会，人口结构（出生率低劳动力，老龄人口）2. 对家庭，不欢乐，不完整The improved education in some countries can partly explain their late childbirth. In the past, many
39、 people stepped into the adult world at an early age and started a family soon afterwards; but now most of the twenty-something choose to spend an extra four years in college to receive a higher education, which consequently postpones the birthdays of their babies. Another contributor to the phenome
40、non is the continuously rising cost of marriage and raising children. Taking China as an example, a big proportion of born in the 1980s and 1990s are still unable to even find partners because they fail to meet the widely accepted basic requirements for marriage, namely a car and a home, as well as
41、a well-paid job, to say nothing of their children. Even for those who have tied the knot, the expensive childcare and schooling are putting off their idea of having children. Moreover, the changing culture is also giving rise to late childbirth. People considered children as a must in the times when
42、 the concept of nuclear families dominated most places, but the modern world has provided more ideological options and many young couples would like to form DINK families that give them more freedom.For society, such a development may cause a problem in the demographic structure. A low childbirth ra
43、te at present will later result in the shortage of labor force and an aging population, leading to many social ills. For family life, the absence of children means the loss of a great source of joy for both parents and grandparents. A family without a child is not a complete one.第八题Scientists say th
44、at junk food is harmful to peoples health. Some say the way to ask people to eat less fast food is to educate them, while others say education does not work. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.1、教育有助于改变饮食习惯（1）行为基于思想，根除依赖；（2）了解快餐之弊端，肥胖症和其他疾病，心理冲击，转变生活方式；2、没用，人们会充耳不闻（1）重复信息的免疫。 举例：吸烟， “吸烟有害健
45、康”（2）快餐带来便利和快乐，讲究效率Educating people to give up junk food can help change their eating habits. People base their behaviors on ideas. Only by influencing their ways of thinking through education, can we possibly reduce, or better yet, root out their psychological dependence on burgers and sodas. Other
46、wise, their passion for junk food will hardly wane. More importantly, proper ways of education can make people understand why they should eat less fast food. By showing the pictures of obese people, many of whom are the victims of KFC, McDonald, Pizza Hut, etc., and the problems they have faced or s
47、tatistics of the deaths caused by diseases resulted from overconsumption of fast food, we can hopefully bring about a huge mental impact on the audiences and prompt them to shift towards healthier lifestyles.However, the listeners may still turn a deaf ear to it no matter how persuasive the verbal c
48、ampaign against junk food can be. One explanation probably lies in our immunity to repeated information. Taking smoking as an example, although every pack of cigarette has the warning “Smoking is harmful to health” printed on its package, smokers rarely give it any attention. Conceivably, the same g
49、oes for fast food eaters. Even if people are aware of the consequences, they may prefer to stick to their eating habits because of all the convenience and happiness contained in those brown paper bags, especially in the modern world where people are so busy and efficiency-obsessed.第九题The unlimited use of cars may cause many problems. What are those problems? Some People think the only way to reduce those problems is to have stricter punishment for driving offenders. Whats your opinion?1、导致问题（1）交通堵塞。举例：世界各地大城市，超出承载能力，几个 钟头，几十公里长龙；（2）加快石油消耗，供不应求，可持续发展威胁；（3）尾气，全球变暖和空气
