1、It 的用法总结在英语中,it 有许多不同的用法,它既可以用作代词(如人称代词、非人称代词)，也可以用作引导词（作形式主语或形式宾语） ，还可以用来构成强调句型。1. it 用作代词(1) 用作人称代词 在句子中作主语或宾语；指前面已经提到过的事物、动物或人，且it 指特定的事物；如果指前文中提到的事物中的任何一个，用 one。one 可以与 any, each, every, not 等连用，但 one 不可代替不可数名词。Wheres your car? Its in the garage. 你的汽车在哪儿呢？在车库里。(指代物品 your car)Did you hit it? 你打中了
2、吗？ (指代事件)The baby cried when it was hungry.这婴儿饿时就哭。 （指代婴儿，尤指性别不详或无所谓时）Who is that?Its me. 是谁？我。(指一定情景中所确定的人或事物，此时相当于指示代词，代指this 和 that,有时也指人)Whats this? Its a box. 这是什么？一只箱子。(2) 作非人称代词 表示天气、日期、时间、温度、距离、价值、路程、度量、自然现象与环境等。也可模糊地指一般情形或上文的部分或整个意思。译成汉语时，it 通常不一定译出来。Its a long time since they left. 他们走后很久了
3、。Its two miles to the beach.离海滨有两英里远。Thats just itI cant work when youre making so much noise.原因就在这里你弄出这么大的声音，我工作不了。另外，需要注意两点：（1） “Its time”后面可以接不定式和介词短语表示 “是做 的时候了” 。如：Its time for supper. Its time to have supper.(2) “Its time”后面还可以接一个从句，但是从句中的谓语动词一定要用过去式即虚拟语气，如：Its time we had lunch.是我们吃饭的时候了。Its
4、time we started.是我们该出发的时候了。2. it 用作引导词(1) 作形式主语 由动词不定式、动词-ing 短语或名词性从句担任主语的句子，常用 it来作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句子的后面。Its not easy for us to learn English well. 句型为: It +be+形容词 +（for sb.）to do sth.Its foolish of you to say that to her. 句型为: It +be+形容词+（of sb.）+to do sth.Its no use/good/helpsleeping too much. (句型
5、为: It +be+名词+doing) Its important that we be there on time.（句型为: It +be +形容词+that 从句）Its high time that Tom went to school. (句型为: It +be +time +that 从句，从句中的动词用过去时)It was the second time that he had telephoned me that day. 句型为 : It +be+ the first(second, third)time +that 从句（that 从句中动词用完成时）It was arra
6、nged that they should leave the following winter. (句型为: It +be+过去分词+that从句)It appears that the two leaders are holding secret talks. (句型为: It +不及物动词+that 从句)(2) 作形式宾语 当宾语是动词不定式、动词-ing 短语或名词性从句时，而宾语后又有宾语补足语，则需用 it 作形式宾语，将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面。用于这种结构的动词有：feel, find, think, make, consider, take 等。Marx found
7、it important to study the situation in Russia.马克思发现研究俄国的形势很重要。I find it strange that she doesnt want to travel.她竟不想旅游 ,我觉得很奇怪。I ll make it clear to you that failure is the mother of success.我要告诉你们失败是成功之母。3. it 用在强调句型中英语中，为了突出句子中的某一成分，达到强调或使人特别注意该成分的目的，人们常用“It is/was+强调对象+who/whom/that.”句式把整个句子分割成前后两
8、个部分，使之各自有自己的谓语动词，中间由 that 或 who/whom 连起来成为一个新句子。除强调人时用who, whom 外，其余情况都用连词 that。被强调的对象仅限于句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语和部分状语（包括状语从句） ，即除谓语和定语以外的句子成分。这部分状语主要包括地点状语、由 before, when, after, not until 等引起的时间状语从句、由 because, because of 引起的原因状语、由 by 引起的方式状语等。当被强调的对象是人时，可用 who, whom 或 that，其余情况一律用 that; 当被强调对象在从句中做主语时用 who/
9、that,当被强调对象在从句中做宾语时用 whom/that。原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.昨天晚上我父亲在实验室做实验。It was my father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.昨天晚上是我父亲在实验室做实验。 （强调主语）It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.昨天晚上我父亲在实验室里做的是实验。 （强调宾语）It was yes
10、terday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.我父亲是昨天晚上在实验室做实验的。 （强调时间状语）It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening.我父亲昨天晚上是在实验室里做这个实验的。 （强调地点状语）另外，再注意两点：（1）强调句如果还原成陈述句的话，句子成分是完整的，如果不完整，那必然是别的从句而不是强调句。It was the town where we lived for three years.此句是定语从句，因为还原
11、以后的句子为:We lived the town for three years.缺少介词（in the town）, 而 It was in the town that we lived for three years.这就是一个强调句了。（2）强调中心也可以是疑问词，这时要将疑问词置于句首，构成一个特殊疑问句。Why is it that you want to leave so soon? 你到底为何这么早就要走？It 用法练习题（1）1 It was at the gate _ he told me the news.A that B what C which D when2 Is _
12、 necessary to tell his father everything?A it B that C what D he3 Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died?A that B in which C in where D which4 Is _ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A now B man C that D it5 Was it during the Second World War _ he died?A that B while C in which D then
13、6 Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day?A this B that C it D he7 I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A this B that C its D it8 Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?A this B that C he D it9 It was not _ she took off her dark gla
14、sses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A when, that B until, that C until, when D when, then10 Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt help.A he B which C she D it11 _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A There B This C That D It答
15、案：1-5 AAADA 6-10 CDDBD 11 DIt 用法练习题（2）一、填空题1. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one2. He was nearly drowned once.When was ?was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This3. The Parkers bought a new house b
16、ut will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is5. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. this B. that C. there D. It 6. Mi
17、kes mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but didnt help.A. he B. it C. she D. which7. Since you have repaired my computer, is no need for me to buy a new one.A. it B. there C. this D. that8. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.A. it B. this
18、C. that D. him9. Do you like here?Oh, yes, the air, the weather and the way of life. Everything is so nice.A. this B. there C. that D. it10. Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising in TV is illegal, ?A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt he D. is he .11. is mentioned above, the number of
19、 the students in senior high school is increasing.A. which B. As C. That D. It12. It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A. because B. which C. since D. that13. It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he d
20、idnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go14. Why! I have nothing to confess. You want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that15. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. t
21、hat C. what D. it二、填空题1. （据报道）a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)2. （据报道）, a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)3. （毫无疑问）he will be admitted to the key university.(doubt)4. He has made some great movies. （这一点是毫无疑问的）.(doubt)5. （没必要）for you to get
22、up early tomorrow.(need)6. （碰巧）I had been away when he called.(happen)7. （看来）nobody knows what has happened.(seem)8. （看起来似乎）its going to rain.(look)9. （很可能）the thieves dont know how much it is worth.(likely)10. （我也许可以）to leave a message for her.(possible)11. Its no use （为打翻的牛奶而哭泣） .(cry)12. （抱怨是毫无用处
23、的）, they never listen.(use)13. （难怪）youve achieved so much success.(wonder)14. (很明确）most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.(certain)15. （据说）the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment.(say)16. The professor is said （已成功）in carrying out this experiment.(suc
24、ceed)（比较句型 15）17. （感到遗憾）I havent been to the get-together.(pity)18 （使之成为一种惯例）that I get up at six every day in the morning.(rule)19. I （认为有必要） to take plenty of hot water every day.(think)20. Its high time that we （采取措施）to stop pollution.(take)21. （要花费她很长时间）to recover from the illness.(take)22. This
25、/It is the third time that I （看那部电影）.（see）23. It was the first time that she （到长城）.（be）24. It is / has been two years （自从他出国）.（go）25. （对你没什么差别）whether I like it or not，because you never listen to me.（make）26. （用不了多久）before we know the result of the experiment.（be）27. Measures have been taken to solv
26、e the problem，but （可能要过段时间）before the situation improves.（some）28. （没关系）the weather was bad.（matter）29. （是否要紧）whether we go together or separately?（matter）30. （我突然想起）that he might have forgotten our date. （occur ）31. （可能性不大）he will change his mind.（chance）32. （很可能）we will go to Beijing.（chance）33. （
27、似乎有）hundreds of people in the field；it was quite full.（seem）34. （曾经有）a church at the corner of the street.（be）35. She （阐明清楚）she had nothing to do with the decision.（make ）36. I （确定） everything is ready.（see ）37. What a pity my new computer doesnt work. （一定有什么问题）with it.（wrong ）38. （结果）she was a frie
28、nd of my sister.（turn）39. Come and see me when （你方便的时候）.（convenient）40. （没多大意义）complaining . It doesnt make difference.（point）练习题（2）答案：一.选择题1.解析 C.句中 like 为及物动词,后面需要跟宾语.而 like 之后不可直接接从句作宾语.it 可用于某些动词(hate, appreciate)和介词之后作笼统宾语.2.解析 A. 第一空用 that 指代上文提到的事情; 第二空用 it 指代第一空的 that3解析 B 此处 it 指代前面出现的 a ne
29、w house. it 指代上文提到的同一事物 ,为特指; 而 one通常指代同类事物中的某一个.4解析 D 此处 it 用作人称代词,指不明身份,性别的人; 宾语从句应用陈述语序.5解析 D 此处 it 用作形式主语.6解析 B 此处 it 用以指代前面的句子 ,可用 that 替换.7解析 B 考查固定句型 There is no need for sb to do sth8解析 A 此处 it 用作形式宾语.9解析 D 此处 it 泛指自然环境.10解析 A 主语为 “ Bills aim”11解析 B 非限制性定语从句中 , as /which 均可指代整句话的内容,但 which 只
30、能放在主句后,译为 “这一点”; as 则位置灵活 ,译为 “正如”.12解析 D 考查强调句型 .13解析 C 考查 not until 结构强调句型.14解析 A 考查强调句型的特殊疑问句句式.15解析 B 考查强调句型.被强调部分是 not where you come from or what you are (but ) the ability to do the job.为了平衡结构,部分移至句尾二、填空题1. Its reported that 2. As is reported 3. There is no doubt that 4. There is no doubt abo
31、ut it 5. There is no need 6. It happened that 7. It seems that 8. It looks as if 9. Its likely that 10.Its possible for me11. crying over spilt milk 12. Its/There is no use complaining 13. Its no wonder that14. Its certain that 15. Its said that 16. to have succeeded 17. I feel it a pity that 18. I
32、have made it a rule 19. think it (is) necessary 20. took/should take measures21. It will take her a long time 22. have seen the film 23. had been to the Great wall 24. since he went abroad 25. It makes no difference to you 26. It wont be long 27. it may be some time 28. It didnt matter that 29. Does
33、 it matter30. It occurred to me 31.There is little chance that 32. There is a good/high chance that/There are chances that/Chances are that 33. There seemed to be 34. There used to be 35. made it clear that 36. will see (to it) that 37. There must be something wrong 38. It turned out that 39. its convenient to/for you 40. There is not much point (in)
