1、个性化教案完形填空适用学科 高中英语 适用年级 高三适用区域 全国 课时时长（分钟） 60 分钟知识点 完型填空教学目标 知识目标：了解高考完形填空的考点及掌握做题技巧和方法能力目标：能运用所学习的知识做出正确答案情感目标：在不断的学习中，磨砺自己的意志。教学重点 1.在完形填空中所应用的名词性从句的知识点2.高考高频词组和句型的掌握3.高考时态的分析和把握及文章整体大意的理解教学难点 高考高频词组和句型的掌握高考时态的分析和把握及文章整体大意的理解教学过程一、复习预习阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答
2、题卡标号为 3140 的相应位置上。个性化教案Two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil.The first seed said, “I want to grow! I want to send my roots deep into the soil _1_ me, and thrust my sprouts (芽) _2_ the earths crust above me.I want to open my tender buds(蓓蕾) like banners to announce the _3_ (arrive) of
3、 spring.I want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水) on my petals(花瓣)！”And so she grew.The second seed said, “I am afraid.If I send my roots into the ground below, I dont know what I _4_(come) across in the dark.If I push my way through the hard soil above
4、me, I may damage my delicate sprouts. What if I let my buds open and a snail (蜗牛) tries _5_(eat) them? And _6_ I were to open my blossoms, _7_ small child may pull me from the ground.No, it is much _8_ (good) for me to wait _9_it is safe.”And so she waited. A yard hen scratching around in the early
5、spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate _10_.【解析】两颗种子的故事，告诉我们惧怕冒险和成长，最终要被生活吞没。1beneath 介词，意为 “在之下”与下文的 above 相对。2through 介词，意为“穿过” 。3arrival 在冠词后用名词。4will come 对未来的预测，句意为：我不知在黑暗之中将会遇到什么。5to eat 因 try 表示“ 试图做某事”，后接不定式。6if if 引导虚拟条件句。7a 表示泛指的“ 某一个” 小孩，故用不定冠词 a。8better 隐性比较级，即
6、 “等”比“长”好得多。句中 much 也提示我们要用比较级，因为 much 常用来修饰比较级，表示“得多” 。9until 意为“直到” ，引导时间状语从句。10it it 指代前文中的 the waiting seed。二、知识讲解 一、高考完形填空命题趋势选材特点: 以记叙文为主, 多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主个性化教案命题特点: (1) 设空特点: 名词 动词(5-8 个)为主(2) 考点层次分三部: 里边层次：(语篇层次 30%以上)体现了突出语篇的命题思路句子层次：(占 70%左右)单词层次：(只须读懂单词所在句子就能做,分数较少)(3)考查重点: 短文第一句不设问.二、考生易失分之处
7、：1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。高考完形填空题型特点1. 以叙为主, 叙议结合; 2. 篇章短小, 意义完整;3. 首句完整, 主题明确;4. 结构清晰, 层次分明;5. 考查语境, 侧重辨析;6. 实词为主, 虚词为辅;7. 逻辑推理, 隐于语篇;8. 常识语法, 每年出现。完型填空 之能力训练目标：1.词语辨析能力2.语法结构分析能力3.语篇理解能力4.逻辑推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意图剖析能力8.生活常识综合运用能力个性化教案3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。做题三忌： 急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边
8、填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。 只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。 断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。三、做题三步法方法：个性化教案四、巧解完形填空高分技巧个性化教案1、研究首尾找主题2、上下联系寻信息3、左顾右盼找搭配4、思前想后觅逻辑5、语境分析辨词义6、集中精力破难题7、回读检查补漏洞1、提高阅读能力（速度、理解）2、打好语法基础 （固定搭配）3、扩充词汇量（动词、名词）4、增长生活常识，培养广泛的兴趣爱好5、多做多练，以提高实战能力How to get high scores？1. 正确的答题步骤 2. 必要的答题技巧3. 适量的实践训练三、例题精析【
9、例题 1】【题干】Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.Although the cat doesnt 16 this, its body is getting
10、ready for action.If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also go through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles
11、 get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run.Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our 个性化教案feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hi
12、t somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isnt always 24 to express your feelings freely.Does this mean that its smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 fe
13、elings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, dont just 29 . Its like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might
14、not be able to see them, but 30 youd smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, youd 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. Theyd be rotten.You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they dont exist, but theyll still be 34 . And at last youll have to
15、35 them. Just like those bananas.16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently19. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however22. A. take of
16、f B. take on C. take over D. take up23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent个性化教案26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful29. A. go away
17、B. go on C. go up D. go out30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away31. A. meet B. observe C. catch D. see32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D.
18、 send out【答案】 1620 CCCBB 2125 DCADC 2630ABBAC 3135 DAABB【解析】Sometimes people call each other “scared-cat”, but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood- stream.Al
19、though the cat doesnt 16 this, its body is getting ready for action.If the danger continues, this animal will do one of the two things. It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.16. A. mind B. admit C. realize D. remember解题思路： 题眼法代入法捕捉题眼，寻找契机：所谓“题眼”就是解题线索，就是那些原句中出现的、对解题起重要暗示作用的关键词。找准关
20、键词语,有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语，如果能迅速找准这些词语，再结合各选项的意义和特点，就能很快选出正确答案。个性化教案17. A. save B. help C. defend D. hide解题思路：没有同义复现或固定搭配，考虑概括的是解。并列结构法: 根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如:and/also/or 或逗号“， ”等，它们的提点是 and 前后的成分结构相似，意义相关，再做出准确判断。18 , when people are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies also g
21、o through many 19 changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves 20 run. 18. A. Truly B. Frequently C. Similarly D. Differently解题思路： 前后呼应法代入法前后呼应法：做完形填空要始终抓住文章本身，联系“双语境”判断做题，即大语境全文中心和基调；小语
22、境空格前后所构成的语意环境；再根据前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路做题。句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有： firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally 等；表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有： thus, therefore, so 等；表示改变话题的语篇标志语有： by the way 等；表示递进关系的语篇标志语有： besides, whats more, further 等；表示时间关系的语篇标志语有： before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later 等。 19
23、. A. chemical B. physical C. health D. ill解题思路：摆脱思维定势，排除“陷阱” chemical， 后提示句 Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense.都是 physical。个性化教案20. A. and B. or C. but D. yet解题思路：与前面句子 It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can. 同义复现。同义复现： 是英语中常见的一种现象。为强调某一意思，但又不想重复使用某个词，文中前后两处会使用一组同义词或
24、同义词组。由于在完形填空题中，这两个同义词的位置多半比较靠近，很容易找到。无须过多推理，只须确定相同的是哪个意思，然后找出选项中与之相符的一项即可。Human beings, 21 , have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 , we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever
25、shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut? It isnt always 24 to express your feelings freely.21. A. therefore B. but C. besides D. however解题思路： 转折特点：but 转折法：文中一出现“but” “Although” “though” “however,” “while”等词，应该马上想到前后
26、语意有转折。只要知道其中一方的语意，就可以反向推出另一方的意思，从而解题。完形填空题中，but 一词后多半会设题。所以，大家在考试时，只要看到 but 就做一个标记，遇到类似 but 这样表转折的词也同样处理。这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据。22. A. take off B. take on C. take over D. take up解题思路：and 并列结构法,give way to 的同义词 let 。 。take 23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句 had kept
27、是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。24. A. useful B. right C. easy D. wise个性化教案解题思路： 后暗示法 ，smarter 的近义词是 。利用暗示和对应解题：虽然重点是对语法、短语和词的辨析、句子结构的考查，但对文章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形填空最关键的思维方式。Does this mean that its smarter always to 25 our feelings? No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away
28、or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . Physical illnesses can develop. It can actually be 28 for your health.25. A. handle B. hurt C. hide D. prevent解题思路：同义复现法26. A. keep B. find C. control D. let解题思路：利用语法分析解题，动词 可以带宾补 hidden away or bottled up inside。27. A. relaxed B. tense C. same D. different
29、解题思路：跨段落篇章复现 tense查找文章多处反复复现概念的已知词：复现可以是相同的词在文章的不同地方重复出现。复现的解题意义在于：如果判断出一个未知填空与上下文的那些已知词汇有复现关系，只要从选项中选出与那些词汇意义相同的就是正确答案。28. A. good B. harmful C. helpful D. useful解题思路： 利用关联成分 ，将 illnesses 设置成已知，另一个是未知的，这样那个已知的词语便成为破解未知词语的关键线索。 illnesses 会对 health ？Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, dont
30、just 29 . Its like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but 30 youd smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, youd 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all 个性化教案over them. Theyd be rotten.29. A. go away B. go on C. go up D. go out解题思路： 看清上下文 ，找准定位
31、词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句，go ? 看看文章中动词都与哪些副词或介词搭配成动词短语？ It will 17 itself, or it will run away as fast as it can. No! If you 26 feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays 27 . 30. A. long before B. as usual C. before long D. right away解题思路： 利用语法
32、分析解题 ，but 30 youd smell them. 句中的d=would 是过去将来时.in no time=by and by=in a flash=before long=soon 是将来时的时间状语，表示 “很快”；而 right away=right now=quickly=at once=immediately 则不受限制！31. A. meet B. observe C. catch D. see解题思路：利用语法分析解题，youd 31 little fruit flies hovering (盘旋) all over them. （ A. meet ，B. observ
33、e， C. catch ，D. see ）little fruit flies hovering (盘旋)。You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard. You can 33 they dont exist, but theyll still be 34 . And at last youll have to 35 them. Just like those bananas.32. A. as if B. just as C. just after D. even though解题思路：利用语法分析解题，
34、You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard.是虚拟句。33. A. pretend B. expect C. decide D. assume个性化教案解题思路：抉择于 A. pretend 和 D. assume 之间， exist？绝对相近法：它是从选项着手分析的，若四个选项中有两个选项绝对矛盾、相近和对立，那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生，二者必居其一，至于究竟是两者中的哪一个，则需进一步根据上下文的语境判断。注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时
35、要根据内容选择正确的短语。34. A. in B. around C. over D. beyond解题思路： exist =be there, there= in? around? Over? beyond?35. A. eat up B. deal with C. throw away D. send out解题思路：容易错选 C.throw away，概括的是解。【例题 2】【题干】There was once a millionaire who loved money than anything else in the world. He didnt know exactly how
36、much he had, so he took on a little girl to _1_all his money for him. It _2_ the little girl six days to count all the money. When she told the millionaire that he had forty-two _3_ dollars, he was _4_ with joy and asked, “ How much _5_ do you want?” He thought that _6_ she was only a child, he coul
37、d _7_ her into taking a very small amount of money. The girl said, “well, I worked for six days, so I think you _8_ pay me for six days. Give me two pennies for the first day. Each day after that, just give me the amount you give me the day before, multiplied by itself. The _9_ thought that in this
38、_10_ he would only have to give her a _11_ dollars. What a _12_ little girl! So immediately, he _13_ his lawyer sign up the contract, fearing that she would change her _14_ . On the first day the millionaire paid her two pennies, and on the second day, two pennies times two pennies, or four pennies.
39、 Each day after that, he gave her _15_ number of pennies he had given her the day before, 个性化教案multiplied by itself. And by the sixth day, the foolish millionaire had to give the clever little girl all his money. 1. A. bring B. count C. send D. hide 2. A. had B. needed C. got D. took 3. A. million B
40、. dozen C. thousand D. hundred 4. A. pride B. wild C. surprised D. moved 5. A. dollars B. number C. time D. pay 6. A. as if B. though C. if D. because 7. A. warn B. advise C. cheat D. set 8. A. could B. would C. should D. might 9. A. girl B. millionaire C. two D. people 10. A. measure B. way C. poin
41、t D. means 11. A. few B. little C. less D. much 12. A. nice B. clever C. fine D. foolish 13. A. ordered B. asked C. had D. persuaded 14. A. mind B. heart C. word D. plan 15. A. good B. great C. a D. the 【答案】BDABD DCCBB ADCAD【解析】 一个富翁雇了一个小女孩为他数钱，她用了六天才把钱数完。付工钱时，富翁想欺骗她，但聪明的小女孩用了一个简单的办法得到了富翁所有的钱。 1B。由于
42、不知道自己到底有多少钱，所以找个人帮他“数”钱。D 项意为“隐藏”。 2D。根据 it takes sb. some time to do sth.结构判断答案用 D。 3A。因为他是一个百万富翁。 4B。be wild with joy 意为“欣喜若狂” ，表示 the man 当时的心情。 个性化教案5D。pay 在此指“需要支付的钱”，也就是“工钱” 。由于前面是 how much，所以不能用dollars。6D。从下文可知，此处表示原因。 7C。由 the man 的心理及前面的 only a child 推知，此时想 “欺骗”那个女孩。 8C。should 表示“应该” 。 9B。此
43、处指“ 富翁”。 10B。in this way 为固定短语。 11A。只有 few 可以修饰 dollars。 12D。从下文中可以看出小女孩其实很聪明，但是富翁却以为她“愚蠢”。 13C。have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。其余三词后面的动词不定式都加 to。 14A。change ones mind 意为 “改变主意”。 15D。the number of 表示“的数目”，而 a number of 表示“许多”。【例题 3】【题干】Mr. Robinson had to travel somewhere on business, and as he was in a
44、hurry, he decided to go by _1_ . He liked sitting _2_ a window when he was flying, so he got onto the plane, he looked for a window seat. He _3_ all of them taken except one. There was a young man _4_ beside it, and Robinson was surprised that he had not taken the one by the window. Anyhow, he went
45、towards it. When he _5_ it, however, he saw that there was a notice on it, written _6_ large letters, _7_ “This seat is kept for proper balance. Thank you.” Mr. Robinson had never seen such a notice before, but he thought the plane must be carrying something particularly heavy in its room _8_ made i
46、t necessary to have the passengers properly balance. So he walked on and found _9_ empty seat, not beside the window _10_ . Two or three other people _11_ to sit in the window seat next to the young man, but they also read the notice and went on. Then when the plane was nearly 12_ a very beautiful girl 个性化教案_13_ into the plane. The young man, who was watching the passengers coming in, 14_ took the notice _15_ the seat beside him, and by this means succeeded in having a pretty companion during the whole trip. 1. A. air B. water C. train D. bus 2. A. on B. nearly C. beside D. far from 3.
