1、人教新课标版高二必修五 Unit 2 The United Kingdom 期末知识梳理一、训练导入I.考纲单词写出下列考纲词汇的词性和汉义(如果不止一个词性学生自行增补词性及相应汉义 )1.unite 2.province 3.union 4.attract 5.collection 6.port 7.countryside 8.description 9.possibility 10.plus 11.quarrel 12.arrange 13.fold14.delight 15.uniform II.核心短语1._of 由组成2.break_(from) 挣脱(束缚) ；脱离3.leave
2、_省去；遗漏；不考虑4.take the_of 代替5.divide_把分成6.to ones_为带来荣誉；值得赞扬7.break_(机器)损坏；破坏8._with sb,about 因 与某人争吵9.leave_动身去某地10.be on_展览二、知识精讲I.重点词汇 1. consist vi.由.组成, 在于, 一致consist of=be made up of 由组成;由构成典例1) Substances consist of small particles called molecules. 物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。2) True charity doesnt consist
3、 in almsgiving. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。 2. clarify v.澄清, 阐明典例 1)-Could you clarify the first point please? 请你澄清第一个要点，好吗?-I dont understand it completely，either我也并不完全理解。2) His mind suddenly clarified. 他的脑子突然清醒过来。3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具典例1) We bought this house for its convenience我们买下这所房子是为了方便。2)
4、Please come at your convenience请在你方便的时候来。3) Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provides这幢新造的公寓大楼装有煤气等现代化设备。重点用法 inconvenience n 不方便convenient adj 便利的，适宜的at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候for ones convenience(of)为了某人的方便for conveniences sake 为了方便起见make a convenience of
5、利用4. influence n. you should hold your own decision.别被他影响了你，你该有你自己的决定。重点用法have influence on/with对产生影响under the influence of 在.的影响下5. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的 ,有空的, 典例 1) Attention，pleaseThese tickets are available on the day of issue only请注意，这种车票仅在发售当天有效2) Dresses are not available in your size, Im
6、afraid. 这些衣服恐怕没有你的尺寸。重点用法反义词：unavailable 考例 单项填空We regret to inform you that there are no tickets _ for Fridays performance.A. available B. spare C. convenient D. affordable【解析】 根据句意“我们很遗憾地通知你星期五的演出票没有了 ”。可知 available “可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定语。答案：A。6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 协商典例1) The child was required to arra
7、nge his shoes in a neat row by his parents.家长要这个小孩把鞋放成整齐的一排 2) He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一个门当户对的女孩。重点用法arrange for 安排, 准备arrange with sb. about sth.与某人商定某事7. delight n.快乐 , 高兴, 喜悦 v. (使) 高兴, (使) 欣喜典例 1) Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people w
8、ho have a sweet memory for the old days.有时一部旧片仍能给怀念旧时光的人们带来喜悦。2) The movie Xi Yangyang 分开,分离3. leave out 省去 ,遗漏典例 1) You have left out the most important word in this sentence你在这一句中遗漏了最重要的一个单词。2) Dont leave me out when you invite people to your party当你邀请人们去参加晚会时，别把我漏掉了。重点用法leave for 动身到(某处)leave alo
9、ne 不管;撇下一个人leave aside 搁置leave behind 遗忘 ;遗留III.重点句型 1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。解释There is no need to do 没有必要做某事There is no doubt that 是毫无疑问的1. It seemed strange that the man who had developed comm
10、unism should have lived and died in London.这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，而且在伦敦去世.解释 It is/seems/that 从句用虚拟语气，由“should+v. 原形”构成典例1) It is strange that my mother should agree with me.真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。2) It was strange that my mother should have agreed with me. 真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。三、语法突破过去分词作宾语补足语英语中，过去分词可以用作宾语补足语
11、。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：She found the door broken in when she came back.她回来时发现有人破门而入。(此句中过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语 door 之间具有被动关系，表示一种状态。 )解释 例子过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep，leave 等的后面。They kept the door locked for a long time.他们把门锁了好长一段时间。Dont leave the windows
12、broken like this all the time.不要让窗户一直像这样破着。“have+宾语+过去分词 ”可以表示两种含义。1）表示“让某人做某事”。如:I have had my bike repaired.我让人修了修我的自行车。The villagers had many trees planted just then.就在那时，村民们叫人种了许多树。2）表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”。如:My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月，我姐姐的钱包在汽车上被偷了。The old man had hi
13、s wrist broken in the accident.这位老人在事故中腕部摔坏了。在“make+宾语 +过去分词” 这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须表示结果。I raised my voice to make myself heard.我提高了嗓门以便被人家听到。They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.他们用了很浅易的英语来设法使自己被理解。过去分词常用在感官动词watch， notice，see，hear，listen to，feel，find 等的后面。When we got to sc
14、hool，we saw the door locked.当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。过去分词用在want，wish，like，expect ，order等表示“希望，愿望，命令” 这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。I want the suit made to his own measure.我想要这套衣服
15、照他自己的尺寸做。My parents expected me to be well-prepared for the entrance examination.我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.小偷被带进来了，双手被反绑在后面。With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building，his house looks like a b
16、eautiful garden.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。【考题印证】(2012 四川卷-12.)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _.A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash 【解析】A。考查非谓语动词。考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词 get 后接的宾语car 与作宾语补足语的动词 wash 之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故答案选 A。句意为：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。（2011 浙江卷
17、, 14）Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost【解析】B。考查非谓语动词。句意为“甚至最优秀的作家有时也会发现他们难以用文字表达自己。 ”lose 是及物动词，A 、 C、D 项都是主动式，空格后没有 lose 的宾语，故用过去分词lost 当形容词用，作 find themselves 的宾语补足语。选 B。（2011 重庆卷,33）Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the be
18、d to keep himself of his own dreams.A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind【解析】C。考查非谓语动词。句意为“Michael 在他的床头贴了姚明的照片提醒自己不要忘了自己的梦想。 ”空格前的 himself 与动词 remind 之间存在着被动关系。故选 C。【真题体验】1.【2011 陕西卷,14】Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left. A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked2.(2010 上海
19、卷）Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused3.（2010 辽宁卷）Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles.A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized4.(2009 海南卷)Now that weve discussed out prob
20、lem, are people happy with the decisions ?A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take5.【2012 浙江温州高三第一学期期末八校联考】John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished6. 【2012 上海市长宁期末】They will have you _ if you dont pay
21、taxes, because it is everyones duty to pay taxes. A . arrest B. arrested C. to be arrested D. being arrested7.【2012莱芜期末】 -Do you think you could get this parcel _ for me, please?-Consider it done!A. to mail B. mailed C. mailing D. mail8. （2011 河北正定中学月考）We must be sure that children in our country sh
22、ould get well _Aeducate B educating Ceducation Deducated9.（2011河北正定中学月考）Everyone of us has many responsibilities _usSo we must work hard.Aattaching B attaching to Cattached with Dattached to10.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked.Alaid Blaying Cto
23、lay Dbeing laid【答案解析】1.【解析】D。考查非谓语动词。句意为“Claire 在登机前一小时她携带的行李接受了检查。 ”have sth. done“让被做” 。逻辑主语是 her luggage，和 check 的关系是被动关系，所以答案选择 D。2.【解析】A。考查非谓语动词。keep+sb. /sth. +done,根据句意, sb.与它后面的动词成被动关系, 故选 A.3.【解析】D。考查非谓语动词用法。句意：亚历山大试图让他的工作在医学圈内得到认可。宾语 work 和 recognize 之间存在被动关系, 所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。4.【解析】C 考。查 wit
24、h +宾语+宾语补足语的用法。句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题, 是人们最满意的决定？ take 与 the decisions 之间存在的关系是动宾关系, 故用过去分词表示被动5.【解析】A。考查 with 复合结构。 由语境和常识可知，愉快的接受邀请是因为工作已经做完，所以用过去分词表示被动和完成。6.【解析】B。考查非谓语动词的用法。 have sb.done sth 中，过去分词表被动，让某人被怎样。这里是被捕，所以选 B。而 have sb.do sth 让某人去做某事。7.【解析】B。考查过去分词做宾补的用法。mail 和其逻辑主语 parcel 是被动关系，所以用过起分词做宾补，
25、构成 get sth. done 结构。8.【解析】D 考查过去分词的用法。此处 get 相当于系动词，句意：我们必须保证我们国家的孩子们应该受到良好的教育。9.【解析】D 考查分词的用法。此处 attached to us 作定语，我们每个人都有依附于我们的责任。所以我们必须努力学习。10.【 解析】A 考查 with 的复合结构。此处为 with+名词+ 过去分词的用法，表示桌子被放好。四、单元自测第一节 单项选择1. _ the injures to his face and hands，he broke his left leg.A. Beside B. Despite C. Apar
26、t from D. Because of2. John Snow was well known doctor,-so famous, indeed, that he _Queen Victoria as her personal physician.A looked into B attended C took care D cared 3.The theory he _ isnt understood by most of the people.Aput up B. put down C. put off D.put forward4.He came to my class every we
27、ek, but his attitude _ he was not really interested in the subject.A. expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested5. The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _ the matter.A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D.looking up6. The woman _there under the t
28、ree, _in a blue skirt,is our headmaster.A. sitting,wearing B. seating, dressed C. sitting,dressed D.seated,dressing7.With everything _, she went home.A. do B. to do C. doing D. done8.The results of the experiment were so _ that both the teacher and the students were _.A. surprised; surprising B. sur
29、prised; surprised C. surprising; surprised D. surprising; surprising9. Come and see me whenever _.A you are convenient B you will be convenient C it is convenient to you D it will be convenient to you 10. He sent me an e-mail,_ to get further information.A hoped B hoping C to hope D hope 11. The Uni
30、ted Kingdom _ Great Britain and Northern Ireland.A make up B consisted of C consist in D consists of 12. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_ in the kitchen.A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked13.When did he leave the classroom？He left_you turned back to write on the blackboard.A. for the moment B. immediately C. at once D. now that314. Only in this way_our goals.A. we can reach B. had we arriveC. we can arrive D. can we reach15.-_?-He is a modest person.A. What does your new teacher look like?B. What is your new teacher like?
