1、高一英语必修一导学案Unit4 Earthquakes第一课时 阅读课（语篇分析）学习目标：1. Get the students to know basic knowledge about natural disasters.2. Get the students to learn about Tangshan Earthquake and understand the text.3. Get the students to learn different reading skills.Step1.语篇导读 Lead-in1.What natural disasters have you h
2、eard of?2. Which disaster may cause the worst damage? Have you ever experienced an earthquake? 3. Discussion：How much do you know about an earthquake?Step2. Pre-reading-Talk about the title “A Night the Earth Didnt Sleep”Step3. Fast reading I. 用一句话概括 What does the passage mainly talk about?The passa
3、ge mainly talks about a terrible_(回答 what?) that happened in _( where?) in _( when? ) and caused great damage to people. (What result?) II. Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.Para.1 _Para.2 _Para.3 _Para.4 _III. Match the sentences. Divide the passage into three parts and find out the mai
4、n idea of each part.Part 1 (Para.1 ) What happened during the quake and the damage caused by the quake.Part 2 ( ) The rescue work after the earthquakePart 3 ( ) Signs before the earthquake.点拨：Structure of the whole passage How is the passage organized? (In what order is the passage written?) IV. Cho
5、ose the best answers.1) The title “A Night the Earth Didnt Sleep” means “_”A. The earth was wide awake all night long.B. People on the earth couldnt fall asleep that night.C. The earth shook like crazy and wouldnt stop that night, causing great damage to people.D. Animals on the earth would not slee
6、p that night.2) What can be inferred from the passage?A. If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide, there must be an earthquake.B. If the earthquake had happened in the daytime, all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive.C. There wouldnt have been such a great
7、earthquake, if people had paid enough attention to some natural signs.D. If some natural signs had not been ignored, more people might have had a chance to survive.3）According to the authors description, which of the following statements about the earthquake is not right? _.A. The whole nation felt
8、it. B. Buildings were badly destroyed during it.C. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirtD. A large number of people lost their lives.4) Which of the following statements can not be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of life in Tangshan Earthquake?A. The earthquake happened in the deep ni
9、ght and people were sleeping in bed at the very moment.B. There werent enough rescue workers.C. The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them were destroyed in the earthquake.D. People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.5) What is the mood of this pas
10、sage?A. Sad. B. Serious. C. Serious and a bit sad. D. Calm.Step4. Careful readingI.完成下列表格Main idea DetailsSigns beforethe earthquake(Para.1)(1)_ things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.The water in the wells (2)_ and (3)_.A (4)_ gas came out of the cracks.The chickens and even th
11、e pigs were too (5)_ to (6)_.Mice (7)_ out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish (8)_ out of their bowls and ponds.At about (9)_ a.m. on July 28,1976，people saw (10)_ in the sky.Damage caused byearthquake(Paras.23)At 3:42 a.m.the (11)_earthquake of the 20th century had begun (12)_kilometres
12、directly below the city.(13)_ burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of (14)_.(15)_ covered the ground like red autumn leaves.Two (16)_ and most of the bridges fell.The railway tracks were now (17)_ pieces of (18)_.(19)_ now filled the wells instead of water.Water，food，and (
13、20)_ were hard to get.II.填入正确的数据 （The data show how _ the earthquake was. ）(1)_ of the nation felt the earthquake. (2) In _ terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(3)_ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.(4)The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than _.
14、(5)All of the citys hospitals, _ of its factories and buildings and _of its homes were gone.III. Discussion1) How did the army and rescue workers help the people in Tangshan?2) Why did so mangy people die in the earthquake according to the text?3) What can we do to keep ourselves safe from an earthq
15、uake?Step5. Deal with long difficult sentences与同桌讨论、理解下列长难句并尝试翻译成汉语。1.原句：“Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.” 句子结构分析：这是一个复杂的简单句。现在分词短语 looking for places to hide 在句中表_，作_状语。翻译：_.2. 原句： “But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usu
16、al that night.”分析：这是一个_(简单句/ 并列句/主从复合句)，该主句的主语为_, 谓语为_, asleep 在句中作_, 中间跟一个由 who 引导的_从句：“who thought little of these events”, who 在从句中充当_, 修饰的先行词为 _ .翻译：_.3. 原句：“A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.”分析：这是一个_(简单句/ 并列句/主从复合句)，该主句的主语为_,
17、谓语为_, cut across 在这里意为 : “_”, 中间跟一个由 that 引导的_从句：“that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide”, that 在从句中充当_, 修饰的先行词为_ .翻译：_.4 原句：“The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.” (Page 26, Para 4)译：_。从结构上看，这是一个_句 (简单句/并列句/ 复合句)。_是定语从句，修饰先行词 those；“and ”起连接
18、作用，连接_和_。5. 原句：“Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.分析：这是一个_(简单句/ 并列句/主从复合句)，该主句的主语为_,谓语为_, 句尾由一个 whose 引导的_从句： “whose homes had been destroyed”, 其中 whose 在从句中充当_, survivors 跟 homes 存在一种_关系；从句修饰的先行词为_ 。翻译：_.Step6. 高级写作训练 Write a summary of the passage within 30 words.
19、On July 28,1976, the greatest earthquake of the 20th century _ Tangshan, Hebei Province, _(从句的引导词) destroyed almost everything. Soon many soldiers _, _( bring 的非谓语形式 ) hope for a new life.Step7. 课文回顾Go through the Reading again and then fill in the blanks with the books closed according to the given
20、 capital letter. Several days before July 28, 1976, many s_ things happened in Tangshan. They were signs for the e_. But people in the city of Tang Shan thought l_ of these. At 3:42 am everything began to s_, which d_ everything of the city. People were s_. Then, later that afternoon, another big qu
21、ake shook Tang Shan. Some of the r_ workers and doctors were t_ under the r_. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and e_ were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the d_ would last. Soon after the quakes, soldiers were sent to help the people in Tangshan. Slowly, the city began to b_ agai
22、n. 高一英语必修 1Unit4Earthquake 导学案 2第二课时 阅读课（语言点处理）编写人：陈勃 审核人： 2011-10-7学习目标：1. Enable the students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as injure, destroy, burst, rescue, as if, etc.2. Get the students to master the usages of the patterns: “It seemed that the world was at an
23、end” and “All hope was not lost”. etc.Step1. 课文知识点重现根据中文提示完成下列句子。 （ 方法指导：熟读课文，独立完成练习，然后校正答案 。 ）1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were_ (紧张的不想吃食).2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings _ (爆裂开来).3. But one million people of the city, who _ (几乎都没有把这些情况当回事), were asleep _(照常
24、) that night.4. It seemed _ the world was _(世界似乎到了末日). 5. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city _ (沉沦在一片废墟之中).6. The _ of the people _ (人们遭受的灾难极为深重 ).7. _(无论朝哪里) they looked nearly everything was destroyed.8. People were _(惊呆了) to see two-thirds of them die or _(受伤) and（成千上万）_families were killed
25、 during the earthquake.9. Some of the _ (救援人员) and doctors _ (被困) under the ruins. 10. Water, food, and electricity were _ .(很难弄到)11. The army organized teams _ (挖掘) those who were trapped and _ (掩埋死者).12. Workers _ (盖起避难所) for survivors _(家园被毁).Step2. 语言点讲与练 (请同学们借助 创新方案 或词典课前独立完成。 )I. 重点句型突破1.It s
26、eemed as if the world was at an end!句子结构分析：It seemed as if 是固定句型结构，意为“_ ”。as if 意为_; at an end 意为_.说明: 也可说 It seems that.替代 It seems as if, 其中 as if 可用 as though 替代, 常用在动词 look，seem ，feel等之后引导_从句。如果从句表示的情况接近事实，从句用_语气；反之，如果从句表示的情况与事实相反，或者是不可能发生，从句用_语气仿写 好像有人在叫你。_. 看来他似乎很笨, 但事实上比我们更聪明。_，but in fact he
27、 is cleverer than every one of us. 他说起罗马(Rome) 来好像他以前去过罗马似的。He talks about Rome _ .2. All hope was not lost. 句子结构分析： all 与 not 连用表示_否定。句型: all. not=not all. 并非都说明: all, both, each, always, every 及 every 的合成词与 not 连用时表_否定。仿写不是所有的学生都通过了考试。_ passed the exam. 并不是每个人都像你那么自私。_ as selfish as you.II. 重点动词突破
28、1. injure观察例句：1） I was seriously injured in the plane crash.我在那次飞机坠毁事故中严重受伤。2）John fell off the tree and injured his back.约翰从树上摔下来把背部摔伤了。自我探究：injure，词性为_，意为“_” 。归纳拓展：injure n._伤害，损伤 adj ._受伤的the injured 意为_(表示一类人)运用 用 injure 的正确形式填空。1) He _ his left hand in the fire.2）Liu Xiang dropped out of the ra
29、ce due to his foot _.3）_were taken to hospital right away after the accident.易混辨析 injure, hurt, harm 和 wound1) The driver was slightly_in the accident.2）Actually she felt quite _ at your rude words.3) The typhoon has done great _ to the crops in Xuwen.4) The soldiers got _ in the war.5) The circulat
30、ion of rumor（谣言）_ his business and health.2. burst读下面的句子，猜测 burst 的词性及词义1) Its a game in which children try to burst balloons by sitting on them. _2) That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more._3) The words burst from her in an angry rush. _4) She burst into laughter(out laughing) to hear th
31、e news. _5) He burst into the room without knocking. _要点归纳： burst 后可接一些介词或副词，构成的常用搭配有 burst into 意为：(1) _；(2)_; burst out doing 意为：_.运用 用 burst 的正确形式及其短语填空。1) When he was driving, the tire _.2)The baby-girl_ tears when she was watching Lion King.3) Mr. Bean _ laughing while walking on the street.3.
32、rescue n. 2) Tangshan; 3) 1976II. Find out the topic sentence of each paragraphPara.1 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.Para.2 Everything began to shake and it seemed that the world was at an end.Para.3 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.Para.4 A
33、ll hope was not lost.III. Match the sentences or phrasesPart 1( Para.1 )Signs before the earthquakePart2(Para.23)What happened during the quake and the damage caused by the quake.Part3(Para.4)The rescue work after the earthquakeThe passage is organized in time order.IV. Choose the best answers1-5 CD
34、ABCStep4. Careful readingI. Fill in the table1) Strange 2）rose 3) fell 4) smelly 5) nervous 6) eat 7)ran 8) jumped9) 3:00 10) bright lights 11) greatest 12)eleven 13) Steam 14）dirt15) Bricks 16) dams 17) useless 18) steel 19) Sand 20) electricityII. Fill in the numbers.1) 1/3 2) 15 3) 2/3 4) 400,000
35、 5) 75%; 90% The data show how terrible/ strong the earthquake was.III. Discussion （略）Step5. Deal with long difficult sentences1. 表伴随；作伴随状语2. 主从复合句； the one million people; were; 作表语；定语从句；充当主语； people.3. 主从复合句；A huge crack; cut(across); 横过，穿过； 定语从句；充当主语； crack.4. 复合句; who were trapped; 连接 to dig out
36、 和 to bury the dead.5. 主从复合句；workers; built; 定语从句；充当定语； 所属关系； survivorsStep6. 1）shook/ hit; 2) which; 3) arrived / came to help; 4) bringingStep7. 1. strange 2. earthquake 3. little 4. shake 5. destroyed 6. shocked7. rescue 8. trapped 9. ruins 10. electricity 11.disaster 12. breathe第二课时 阅读课（知识点处理）St
37、ep1.课文知识点重现1. too nervous to eat; 2. cracked and burst 3.thought little of these events; as usual; 4. as if; at an end5. lay in ruins; 6. suffering; was extreme 7. Everywhere; 8.shocked; injured; Thousands of9. rescue workers; were trapped 10. hard to get11. to dig out; to bury the dead; 12. built s
38、helters; whose homes had been destroyedStep2.语言点讲与练I. 重点句型突破1.看起来好像； 好像、似乎、仿佛；结束、终结；引导表语从句；陈述语气；虚拟语气。1) It seems as if someone is calling you.2) It seems as if he were stupid,3) as if he had been there before.2. 部分否定；部分否定1）All the students havent/ Not all the students have2) Everyone isnt / Not ever
39、yone isII. 重点动词突破1. injure，词性为动词，意为“损害，伤害”。injury n.伤害，损伤 injured adj.受伤的 the injured 受伤的人；伤员(表示一类人)运用 1)injured; 2) injury; 3) The injured易混辨析 1）injured; 2) hurt; 3) harm; 4) wounded; 5) harmed2. burst 1) vt. 使爆裂、把 - - -弄炸； 2）vi. 爆裂、爆发、胀开；3）vi. 突然出现、猛冲（整句话意为：她破口说出那一大堆气话。 ）4）短语，意为“突然大笑、放声大笑”5）短语，意为“
40、 （突然）闯进 ”。要点归纳： burst into 1） “（突然）闯进”; 2)burst into+ 名词，意为 “突然起来; 突然（进入状态等） ” burst out doing 意为 “突然起来”.运用 1) burst; 2) burst into; 3) burst out3. rescue n. 4）rescued4. ruin n. ruins. 2) ruins; 3) were in ruins / fell into ruin.词语辨析 .1) damaged; 2) destroyed; 3) ruinedStep3.当堂检测 I. 动词专练1. ruined; 2
41、. injuring; damaged. 3. destroyed; 4. Shocked 5. were trapped 6. burst 7. to rescue; trapped; buried. 8. are burying themselves / are buried 9. have been trapped; 10. was; wereII. 构词法知识1. organization; organized 2. Dirty 3. miner; 4. electricity 5. useful / used; used 6. destruction; destructiveIII.
42、 单句改错1. happened 前添加 which or that 2. at the end of last year 改为 by the end of last year3. do 改为 doing 或 do 前添加 and 4. lift it 改为 lift 即去掉 it; 5. be solved 改为 solve6. Everyone didnt do 改为 Nobody did 7. I hope you not to lose heart- -改为 I hope you wont lose heart-8. to the south 改为 in the south; in the north 改为 to the north
