（江苏专用）2019高考英语二轮增分策略 专题二 完形填空（课件+试题）（打包8套）.zip

1第一节 技法点拨近五年江苏卷完形填空考情统计选项设置年份 体裁词汇复现 语境词义 逻辑关系 固定搭配2018 记叙文 1 17 1 12017 记叙文 3 14 2 12016 夹叙类议文 4 14 0 22015 记叙文 1 17 2 02014 记叙文 2 14 1 3分析近五年的江苏卷高考试题，我们不难发现，完形填空的文章体裁主要是记叙文，有时是夹叙夹议文。内容主要是传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。题型分为句内、句组和语篇等三个层次，以句内层次和句组层次题为主，语篇层次题为辅。设空以语境题和词汇题为主，较难的语篇层次题仅有 3 道左右。这就要求考生在做完形填空题时，心中始终有这三个层次，认真甄别每道题是属于哪种层次，然后再确定用何种方法来解题，从而做到万无一失。一、解题步骤1．通读全文，把握主旨。在速读全文的过程中要重视首句、首段的信息，注意找出文章的关键词、中心词，画出某些代表人物和情节的词句，理清“情节线”和“情感线” ，形成对整篇文章概貌的理解。2．上下求索，先易后难。完形填空设题通常分为句内、句组和语篇三个层次，做题时先易后难，遇到没有把握的题目时，可暂时跳过空格，顺着原来的思路继续推进，等到大部分空格选出答案后，借助已补全的信息，回头扫除“最牛钉子户” 。3．复读全文，微调答案。做完题后，把填好答案的短文通读一遍，看看有没有明显的语法错误和逻辑冲突，必要时加以改正。二、解题策略完形填空题的解答实际上就是通过已知信息破解未知信息。这需要考生从完形填空文章所包2含的庞杂的已知信息体系中分析、查找、排查无关的已知信息，定位和查找出与每处具体的填空相关联的已知信息，再根据这些信息最终得出正确答案。下面我们将介绍句内、句组和语篇三种层次题的常用解题技巧，看看是如何利用已知信息来确定未知信息的。(一)句内层次题1．利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配和固定结构，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配和固定结构来解题。例题 (2018·全国Ⅰ)．we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions.51．A.add B．exposeC．apply D．compare分析 本题可以利用固定搭配解题。apply.to.把……运用到……。故选 C。2．利用生活常识和文化背景知识解题完形填空文章中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的生活常识和文化背景知识，巧妙地对其加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿着作者的思路阅读下去。例题 (2016·全国Ⅰ)51.Approaching the vehicle，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived,53.but she thought the car was going to 54.explode.52．A.quiet B．stillC．away D．calm分析 本题可以利用生活常识和文化背景知识解题。根据生活常识可知，由于当时处境危险，所以在救护人员来之前要保持静止不动(stay still)，以免伤势加重。故选 B。3．利用对应成分分析法解题完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往存在着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。例题 (2017·全国Ⅱ)Before the school year 47.ended，I gave the kids a special 48.gift，T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your 49.Friends” on them.I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull，most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.50．A.simple B．uniqueC．fun D．clever3分析 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。从上述分析可看出，while 是从属连词，连接让步状语从句，意为“虽然” 。故 50 空填的词应为 dull“单调的”的反义词，故 C 项 fun“有趣的”正确。4．利用逻辑关系解题此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语；二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。例题 (2018·全国Ⅱ)The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 ，after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56.leave and later the family met up for dinner.55．A.Fortunately B．FranklyC．Sadly D．Suddenly分析 本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。根据该空后面的句子“after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be allowed to and later the family met up for dinner.”可知，他伤得并不严重，所以是幸运的。故选 A。5．利用语境暗示分析法解题上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推断出正确答案。例题 (2018·江苏)Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a 39 journey，as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide.A．business B．walkingC．bus D．rail分析 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据后句“as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide.”可知，他们决定徒步旅行。故选 B。(二)句组层次题1．利用语义复现解题复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯、有机地衔接在一起。因此，4考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的语义复现现象来选择正确的答案。例 1 (2016·江苏)While we were 36.eating，Kurt asked me， “John，what is your 37 for personal growth？” ．but then he 42.finally smiled and said， “You don’t have a personal plan for growth，do you？”37．A.suggestion B．demandC．plan D．request分析 本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为原词复现。由 42 题之后的“You don’t have a personal plan for growth，do you？”可知选 plan，表示“个人成长计划” 。故选 C。例 2 (2016·全国Ⅱ)I turned around and saw a 56. pleasant woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.I was 57.speechless！Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was，well，so 58 .58．A.calm B．niceC．proud D．clever分析 本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为反义词复现，上文中的 cold(冷酷的)和选项中的 nice(友好的，和蔼的)互为反义词。最后两句句意为：我之前怎么会认为她冷冰冰的呢？哦，瑞妮是这么友好。故选 B。2．利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词等。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。例题 (2016·全国Ⅱ)But her cold voice really 48.annoyed me.I sometimes wished to 49 another agent.49．A.promote B．trainC．find D．know分析 本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据前文中的形容词 cold 可知，作者对瑞妮冷冰冰的语气很是懊恼，有时希望能“找到”另外一个代理人。故选 C。3．利用逻辑关系解题在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。例题 1 (2017·江苏)He might not have done this particularly well， 46 the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good 47.ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments there 48.appealed to him.546．A.because B．butC．though D．so分析 本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。上文讲他想掩饰自己弹琴时表现出的快乐，不让老师发现，但他可能掩饰得不是特别好，因为音乐老师告诉 Gabriel 他有良好的辨音能力并且建议他去学校存放乐器的房间选乐器，故选 because 引导原因状语从句。例题 2 All around the world，we can see the 50.consequences of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To 51.decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 53 ，this is not enough to solve(解决) our problem.53．A.However B．OtherwiseC．Therefore D．Meanwhile分析 本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。通过上述对本空前后文已知信息的分析，能够发现上下文之间是明显转折关系，因此可以确定答案为选项 A。4．利用语境暗示分析法解题在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推断出正确答案。例题 1 (2016·全国Ⅲ)When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team.That meant 41.beating out Miller King，who was the best 42 at our school.42．A.coach B．studentC．teacher D．player分析 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文中的“my only purpose was to become the star on our football team”可知，此空应与“球员，选手”(player)有关。故选 D。例题 2 (2016·全国Ⅰ)Larry works with Transport Drivers，Inc.One morning in 2009，Larry was 41.traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 .642．A.passengers B．colleaguesC．employers D．customers分析 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据上文中的“works with Transport Drivers，Inc.”可知，拉里在运输公司工作，所以此空应该是说给他的其中一位客户(customer)送货。故选 D。(三)语篇层次题1．利用语义复现解题在语篇层次题中，我们同样可以利用语义复现解题。例题 Two years later，Dad started his own 31 ，which wasn’t doing so well.After my graduation，Dad’s business was getting back on track.31．A.family B．businessC．task D．journey分析 本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为原词复现。下文“Dad’s business was getting back on track”中的 business 是 31 题的原词复现，故选 B 项。2．利用总分结构对照分析法解题完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，这种结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。例题 In our modern world，when something wears out，we throw it away and buy a new one.The 36.problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37.rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we 38 a throwaway society？First of all，it is now easier to 39.replace an object than to spend time and money to repair it.40.Thanks to modern manufacturing(制造业) and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and 41.cheap.Another cause is our 42.love of disposable(一次性的) products.As 43.busy people，we are always looking for 44.ways to save time and make our lives easier.Companies 45.produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few.Our appetite for new products also 46.contributes to the problem.We are 47.addicted to buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that 48.newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we 49.throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones.38．A.face B．becomeC．observe D．change分析 本题可以利用总分结构对照分析法解题。本题在一个总述句“How did we 38 a 7throwaway society？”中。之前文章在描述“人们把旧物品扔掉，造成垃圾堆积如山”的现象。从文章结构来看，从本题开始出现了另一个意群， “How did we 38 a throwaway society？”为这个意群的总述句，即“我们是如何成为一个一次性社会的呢？”因此，仅仅看到本题所在句子包含的信息是不够的，还要看其他地方的相关已知信息，这个关键信息就在分述部分。只要总结分述部分，本题就迎刃而解了。总结一下分述部分，很容易判断出第 38 题的答案就是 B 项 become。因为下面的分述句都是在分析形成的原因。3．利用逻辑关系解题在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要的解题方法。例题 Dario and his mother loved their new apartment.The living room was large enough for their piano.That night，the two of them 36.sat side by side at the piano.They played jazz music to celebrate their new home.The loud 37.music filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning， 38 ，their happiness disappeared.Someone had left a 39.note under their door during the night.One of their neighbors had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano.Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it.But he said that they were all 40.nice people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that.Later that morning，Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41.neighbors and apologize for their playing.38．A.therefore B．howeverC．otherwise D．instead分析 本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。通过上述对本题前后文已知信息的分析，发现上下文之间是明显的转折关系，因此可以确定8答案为选项 B。1第二节 分类突破一、记叙文(2018·江苏)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers’ fees.To make matters worse，Moth was diagnosed(诊断) with a 37 disease.There was no 38 ，only pain relief.Failing to find any other way out，they decided to make a 39 journey，as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者) guide.This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and 40 recovery.When leaving home，Raynor and Moth had just ￡320 in the bank.They planned to keep the 41 low by living on boiled noodles，with the 42 hamburger shop treat.Wild camping is 43 in England.To avoid being caught，the Winns had to get their tent up 44 and packed it away early in the morning.The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot 45 than they remember it was in their 20s.Raynor 46 all over and desired a bath.Moth，meanwhile，after an initial 47 ，found his symptoms were strangely 48 by their daily tiring journey.49 ，the couple found that their bodies turned for the better，with re-2found strong muscles that they thought had 50 forever.“Our hair was f ried and falling out，nails broken，clothes 51 to a thread，but we were alive.”During the journey，Raynor began a career as a nature writer.She writes， “ 52 had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare，an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.It had also given me a 54 ，either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.I chose hope.”语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。一对夫妻因为投资不当而变得无家可归、穷困潦倒；更糟糕的是，丈夫被诊断出得了严重的疾病。走投无路之时，夫妻俩决定徒步旅行，长途跋涉虽然辛苦，但却使他们慢慢地找到了生活的方向。36．A.drawn up B．used upC．backed up D．kept up答案 B解析 文章开头交代，夫妻俩因投资不当而变得无家可归。由此可推知，为了支付律师费，他们的积蓄被用完(use up)了。draw up 起草，(车辆)停下；back up 支持；keep up 保持，继续。37．A.mild B．commonC．preventable D．serious答案 D解析 由空前的“to make matters worse”(更糟糕的是)及后文的提示“only pain relief”可知 Moth被诊断出得了重(serious)病。mild 温和的，轻微的；common 常见的；preventable可预防的。38．A.cure B．luckC．care D．promise答案 A解析 由空后的“only pain relief”可知，此处是说该病无法治愈(cure)。luck 运气，好运；care 关怀，照料；promise 许诺，答应。39．A.business B．walkingC．bus D．rail答案 B解析 由空后的 hikers可知是徒步旅行，故选 walking。business 商业；bus 公共汽车；rail铁路。340．A.expected B．frighteningC．disappointing D．surprising答案 D解析 由下文可知这次徒步旅行收到了惊人的(surprising)康复效果。expected 预期的；frightening吓人的；disappointing 令人失望的。41．A.budget B．revenueC．compensation D．allowance答案 A解析 空前提到，他们只有 320英镑，空后提到他们以煮面条为食，由此可知他们计划保持低预算(budget)。revenue 税收，收益；compensation 补偿费，赔偿金；allowance 津贴，零用钱。42．A.frequent B．occasionalC．abundant D．constant答案 B解析 因为预算低，他们只能靠煮面条过活，偶尔(occasional)去汉堡店款待一下自己。空后的 treat是名词，有“款待”之意。因为预算低，所以去汉堡店不可能是 frequent“频繁的” 、abundant“充足的”或 constant“经常的” 。43．A.unpopular B．lawfulC．attractive D．illegal答案 D解析 由下文的“To avoid being caught”(避免被抓)可知，在英国，野外宿营是非法的(illegal)。unpopular 不流行的；lawful 合法的；attractive 吸引人的。44．A.soon B．earlyC．late D．slowly答案 C解析 为了避免被抓，他们只好很晚(late)才撑起帐篷并且一早就把帐篷收起来。显然，该空与 early相对，只能选 late。soon 快，不久；early 早；slowly 缓慢地。45．A.harder B．easierC．cheaper D．funnier答案 A解析 根据常识及下文的 Raynor浑身疼痛可知夫妻俩很快发现，他们在 50多岁时的徒步旅行比记忆中 20多岁时的徒步旅行艰难多了(harder)。easier 更容易的；cheaper 更便宜的；funnier更有趣的。46．A.rolled B．bled4C．ached D．trembled答案 C解析 通读上下文可知，夫妻俩都 50多岁了，每天徒步旅行，Raynor 浑身疼痛(ache all over)，想洗个澡。roll 滚动；bleed 流血；tremble 颤抖。47．A.struggle B．progressC．excitement D．research答案 A解析 上文提到 Moth得了重病，所以旅行开始时他一定是痛苦的，故选 struggle“挣扎” 。progress进步；excitement 兴奋；research 研究，调查。48．A.developed B．controlledC．reduced D．increased答案 C解析 由空前的 strangely(奇怪地)及下一段中的“their bodies turned for the better”(他们的身体好转了)可知 Moth的症状减轻(reduce)了。develop 发展，成长；control控制；increase 增加。49．A.Initially B．EventuallyC．Temporarily D．Consequently答案 B解析 最后(eventually)，夫妻俩发现他们的身体都有所好转。initially 最初；temporarily临时地；consequently 因此，所以。50．A.gained B．keptC．wounded D．lost答案 D解析 夫妻俩身体好转，发现本以为永远消失(lose)了的强壮肌肉重新出现了。gain 获得；keep保持；wound 使受伤。51．A.sewn B．washedC．worn D．ironed答案 C解析 由空前描述的“头发干枯脱落，指甲断裂”可知该空是说衣服被磨损(wear)成线。sew缝；wash 洗；iron 熨。52．A.Doctors B．HikingC．Lawyers D．Homelessness答案 D解析 通读上下文可知，把她所有物质的东西都带走的不可能是“医生” “徒步旅行”或5“律师” ，而应是无家可归(homelessness)。53．A.well B．partlyC．neatly D．originally答案 B解析 句意为：无家可归带走了我所有物质的东西，我被撕得支离破碎，在人生这本已经写完一部分的书的最后留下空白的一页。Raynor 把自己目前的人生比作已经写完一部分的书(partly written book)。well written写得好；neatly written写得整洁；originally written原创的。54．A.choice B．rewardC．promise D．break答案 A解析 由空后的 either.or.及最后一句“I chose hope.(我选择了希望)”可知该处意为“它也给了我一个选择(choice)” 。reward 奖赏，报酬；promise 承诺；break 间歇。55．A.loose B．fullC．blank D．missing答案 C解析 上文的“an empty page”提示该空填 blank(空白的)。给 Raynor的选择是“或者留着那页空白或者带着希望继续写故事” 。loose 松的；full 满的；missing 丢失的。一、题型解读记叙文完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。二、解题技巧1．抓住文章中心。 中心思想是文章的灵魂和统帅，其他的写作要素都紧紧围绕这一中心进行。 抓住中心有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。2．明确叙述角度。 通常记叙文有两大叙述角度：第一人称和第三人称。 第一人称就是从“自我参与”的角度进行叙述，考生可从字里行间读出作者对人物、事件或景色的情感态度。第三人称就是从“旁观者”的角度客观地记人、叙事、状物。 在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法” ，即假设自己就是文中的角色会有什么感受、做出怎样的选择等，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含义。3．理清写作顺序。 根据写作的需要作者往往采用顺叙、倒叙或插叙等方法进行叙述。 理清这些线索有助于了解事情发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。4．明确写作要素。 包括事情发生的时间(when)、地点(where)、事件的内容(what)、人物6(who)、原因(why)等。 弄清了这些要素也就基本上抓住了文章的主体，理解了整篇文章。5．洞悉写作目的。 同学们要知道就事论事绝不是记叙文的最终目的，而最终目的是借助叙事来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。 因此，只有在分析具体情节的基础上认真体会文字背后的东西才能洞悉作者的写作目的，抓住文章的主题。(2018·山东德州二模)A few days ago，I 6observed a teenager doing yardwork that his dad had told him to do.Instead of doing the task 1 ，he wandered around there for hours， 2 to himself and doing a bad job.The person he hurt the most was himself.His dad was trying to teach him 3 and how to do a good job.As a result of his 4 attitude，he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours.And the yard 5 wasn’t clean enough when he got through.He 6 his day because of his attitude.And his dad was 7 with him，and the boy’ s bad mood ended up 8 the whole family that day.A sweet lady was working in a fast-food 9 .The minute I walked in，she welcomed me 10 .She smiled as she took my 7order，and then as we 11 for the food，she talked with me.As I walked off with my 1tray，she said with a big 12 ， “I hope you have a 2blessed day！” I think the food tasted better because of her 13 .There was a delay，during which I sat there hearing her singing as she 14 her tasks behind the counter.She wasn’t making a large salary，and she didn’t have a powerful 15 ，either.In addition，she stood on her feet for a long shift each day，often dealing with 16 customers.But she chose to be joyful.I want to 17 from her.I want to do my best， even when there’s no 18 or 3glory.Other people are watching me 19 I might not realize it at the time.I want to bring joy to all those around me.A(n) 20 can make a great difference.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过对比一个小男孩与一个餐厅女服务员对自己做的事情的不同态度，以及所带来的不同结果，作者告诉我们一种积极的态度可以给人带来很大的快乐。1．A.gradually B．happily7C．secretly D．silently答案 B解析 gradually 渐渐地；happily 高兴地；secretly 秘密地；silently 沉默地。根据本段最后“doing a bad job”可知，小男孩不是开心地做这项工作，而是在那里逛了几个小时，自我抱怨，工作也干得不好。故选 B。2．A.responding B．applyingC．explaining D．complaining答案 D解析 respond 回应；apply 申请；explain 解释；complain 抱怨。解析参见上题。故选D。3．A.goodness B．safetyC．responsibility D．gardening答案 C解析 goodness 善良；safety 安全；responsibility 责任；gardening 园艺。根据“how to do a good job”可知，此处指他的父亲教他要有责任。故选 C。4．A.poor B．positiveC．strange D．efficient答案 A解析 poor 不好的，不佳的，恶劣的，贫穷的；positive 积极的；strange 奇怪的；efficient有效率的。根据后半句“he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours”可知，他做事的态度不好。故选 A。5．A.almost B．evenC．still D．ever答案 C解析 almost 几乎；even 甚至；still 仍然；ever 曾经。根据上文可知，当他完成任务的时候，院子还不够干净。故选 C。6．A.lost B．ruinedC．perfected D．changed答案 B解析 lose 失去；ruin 毁掉；perfect 使……完美；change 改变。根据上文“As a result of his attitude”可知，他的不好的态度毁掉了这一天。故选 B。7．A.upset B．pleasedC．impressed D．satisfied8答案 A解析 upset 烦恼的；pleased 感到高兴的；impressed 印象深刻的；satisfied 感到满意的。他父亲对他很生气。be upset with sb.对某人生气。故选 A。8．A.breaking B．benefitingC．affecting D．controlling答案 C解析 break 破坏；benefit 有利于；affect 影响；control 控制。那天这个男孩的坏心情影响了整个家庭。故选 C。9．A.factory B．restaurantC．supermarket D．shop答案 B解析 factory 工厂；restaurant 餐厅；supermarket 超市；shop 商店。由下文“she took my order”可知，此处指，一位甜美的女士在一家快餐店工作。故选 B。10．A.warmly B．proudlyC．seriously D．coldly答案 A解析 warmly 热情地；proudly 自豪地；seriously 严肃地；coldly 冷淡地。我一走进来，她热情地欢迎我。由后面的 smiled也可知。故选 A。11．A.looked B．askedC．waited D．struggled答案 C解析 look 看；ask 问；wait 等待；struggle 挣扎。由常识可知，点完菜后，自然要等待食物上来，故可知此处指我们在等饭菜时她和我交谈。wait for 等待……。故选 C。12．A.shout B．smileC．cheer D．decision答案 B解析 shout 大喊；smile 微笑；cheer 欢呼；decision 决定。当我拿着我的托盘走的时候，她带着一个大的微笑说：“我希望你有一个幸福的日子！” with a smile微笑着。故选B。13．A.experience B．trustC．courage D．kindness答案 D解析 experience 经验；trust 信任；courage 勇气；kindness 善良。根据上文“She smiled as she took my order，and then as we for the food，she talked with 9me.”可知，这个女服务员很善良。故选 D。14．A.performed B．startedC．discovered D．planned答案 A解析 perform 做，履行，执行；start 开始；discover 发现；plan 计划。我在逗留期间，听见她在柜台后面边工作边唱歌。perform one’s task 执行任务，做工作。故选 A。15．A.appearance B． 4motivationC．position D．effort答案 C解析 appearance 外表；motivation 动机，积极性，推动；position 位置；effort 努力。她没有高薪水，也没有强有力的职位。故选 C。16．A.ordinary B．painfulC．important D．difficult答案 D解析 ordinary 普通的；painful 痛苦的；important 重要的；difficult 困难的。此外，她每天都站着做长时间的轮班，经常和难缠的顾客打交道。但她选择了快乐。故选 D。17．A.escape B．learnC．hear D．differ答案 B解析 escape 逃脱；learn 学习；hear 听见；differ 不同。我想向她学习。learn from向……学习。故选 B。18．A.applause B．regretC．sadness D．forgiveness答案 A解析 applause 欢呼；regret 遗憾；sadness 伤心；forgiveness 宽恕。即使没有掌声和荣耀，我也要尽我最大的努力。故选 A。19．A. 5now that B．in caseC．even though D．as if答案 C解析 now that 既然；in case 万一；even though 即使；as if 好像。其他人都在看着我，尽管我当时可能没有意识到这一点。由句意可知，此处是 even though引导的让步状语从句。故选 C。20．A.lifestyle B．attitudeC．habit D．attempt10答案 B解析 lifestyle 生活方式；attitude 态度；habit 习惯；attempt 企图。由全文语境可知，一种态度可以起很大的作用。故选 B。Ⅰ.障碍词汇突破(一)阅读下列句子，并根据句意猜测画线部分的意思1 .A tray is a flat piece of wood，plastic，or metal，which usually has raised edges and which is used for carrying things，especially food and drinks.托盘2．I will be forever grateful for，and feel blessed by these treasures.幸福的3．Glory is the fame and admiration that you gain by doing something impressive.光荣，荣耀4．Your motivation for doing something is what causes you to want to do it.动机(二)同义词语替换5．Now that we’re in Europe we ought to visit the Netherlands.since(三)一词多义 6．observe vt.庆祝；观察；遵守(1)Someone who doesn’t observe traffic regulations will sweat.遵守(2)Take some time and observe how you value yourself and what you do.观察(3)Tom has returned to his hometown where he will observe Thanksgiving with family members.庆祝7．order n．命令；条理，顺序；规则；[贸易] 定单； vt.命令；整理；定购；点食物/饮料(1)The general gave the order to advance.命令(2)Get your ideas into some sort of order before beginning to write.条理，顺序(3)The policeman ordered the drunken man out of the shop.命令(4)He ordered a book from the publisher.定购(5)They got into a restaurant and asked for a menu to order their meal.点食物/饮料Ⅱ.长难句理解1．As a result of his poor attitude，he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task that should have taken one or two hours.11[句式分析] 本句话是复合句，主句是 he spent the whole afternoon finishing a task，为主谓宾结构；that should have taken one or two hours是定语从句，修饰 a task。[精美译文] 由于他恶劣的态度，他花了一整个下午才完成本该一两个小时就能完成的任务。2．There was a delay，during which I sat there hearing her singing as she performed her tasks behind the counter.[句式分析] 本句话是复合句，主句是 There was a delay；during which I sat there hearing her singing as she performed her tasks behind the counter是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，在从句中 hearing.作伴随状语，singing 作宾补；as she performed her tasks behind the counter是时间状语从句。[精美译文] 我在逗留期间，听到她在柜台后面边干活边唱歌。专题强化练(十三)Ⅰ.单项填空1．Ted couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm，but he knew it was Sunday because everybody was at church.A．/；the B．a；/C．/；a D．the；/答案 B解析 第一空填 a，表示不确定的某个星期天；第二空不填，at church做礼拜。句意为：特德记不得风暴的具体日期了，只记得是个星期天，因为每个人都在做礼拜。故选 B。2．The company and the effect brought about did great good to our business in the market.A．it B．whichC．that D．what答案 A解析 句中的 it代指 the company，it brought about为定语从句，先行词 the effect作 brought about的宾语，故其后省略了关系词 which或 that。句意为：这家公司及其所带来的影响对我们在市场上的业务有很大的好处。故选 A。3．Nowadays，more and more young ladies， figures most are fine enough，are going on a diet.A．who B．whoseC．of whose D．of whom12答案 C解析 句中先行词 ladies在非限定性定语从句中作 figures的定语，故用 whose。再根据most表示“大部分” ，后接介词 of表示范围，相当于 most of young ladies’ figures。句意为：如今，越来越多的年轻女士都在节食，其中大多数身材都不错。故选 C。4．The artist is said during the production and thus a pirated video was sold in every part of Kenya.A．to be cheatedB．being cheatedC．to have been cheatedD．having been cheated答案 C解析 “sb.be said to do”表示“据说某人……” ，再根据后句“and thus a pirated video was sold in every part of Kenya”可知事情已经发生，故用不定式的完成式。句意为：据说这位艺术家在制片过程中被人骗了，因此在肯尼亚的每一个地方都有盗版光碟出售。故选 C。5． ，I believe，and you will find Tom is outgoing.A．Having a talk with the studentB．One talk with the studentC．Given a talk with the studentD．If you have a talk with the student答案 B解析 句意为：和这位学生谈一谈，我相信你会发现汤姆非常友好。本题是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，前面的祈使句也可以是名词(短语)。故选 B。6． at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.A．Sat B．SitC．Seating D．Seated答案 D解析 本句是一个倒装句，seated 为形容词作表语。句意为：在房间的后面坐着一个害羞的女孩，她有两只大眼睛。故选 D。7． if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A．Would you be surprisedB．Were you surprisedC．Had you been surprised13D．Would you have been surprised答案 D解析 本句考查 if引导的虚拟条件句。从句是对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时，主句是对将来的假设，用 would＋have done。句意为：如果昨天没有事先让你知道我到了，你会惊讶吗？故选 D。8．It is not socially for parents to leave children unattended at that age.A．accessible B．adorableC．adaptable D．acceptable答案 D解析 句意为：让那个年龄的孩子无人照看，父母会受到社会指责的。acceptable 可以接受的；accessible 可以接触到的；adorable 迷人的，可爱的；adaptable 有适应力的。9．She had experienced many hardships the journeys，but she was amazed at the sight of the beautiful scene.A．in view of B．in terms ofC．in case of D．in the course of答案 D解析 句意为：在旅途的过程中她经历了许多困难，但是在看见美景的时候，她很惊奇。in the course of在这里意为“在……过程中” ，符合题意。in view of鉴于，考虑到；in terms of根据，就……而言；in case of 万一，如果。10．The introduction of modern technique from abroad makes it necessary for skilled workers to unskilled workers.A．take place B．take overC．take down D．take the place of答案 D解析 take place发生；take over接管；take down记下；take the place of取代。根据句意可知选 D。11．That was not the first time he us.I think it’s high time we strong action against him.A．betrayed；takeB．had betrayed；tookC．has betrayed；tookD．has betrayed；take答案 B14解析 根据时间状语 the first time可知，从句中应使用完成时态；句中使用的是“That was.”，故应使用过去完成时。在固定搭配 it’s (high/about) time.中，从句应使用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”表示虚拟语气。句意为：那不是他第一次背叛我们了。我认为我们是时候该对他采取强硬措施了。故选 B。12．The country’s chief exports are coal，cars and cotton goods，cars the most important of these.A．have been B．areC．being D．are being答案 C解析 英语中两个简单句之间一般不能只用“， ”隔开。此句中，分词结构 being the most important of these有自己的逻辑主语，即 cars，此部分在主句中充当状语，起到对主句进行补充说明的作用。句意为：该国的主要出口产品是煤、汽车和棉花制品，汽车是其中最重要的。故选 C。13．His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst out laughing.A．so as to B．such as toC．so that D．such that答案 B解析 因为 such that, so that 后只能接从句。而该题在 be动词后应是表语，such 这里作表语，不定式前面的 as跟 such搭配，说明 such的程度达到了某种结果，不定式作结果状语。句意为：他如此幽默，全屋的人都被他逗乐了。故选 B。14．He’s as a “bellyacher” —he’s always complaining about something.A．who is knownB．whom is knownC．what is knownD．which is known答案 C解析 who 的先行词一般是人，在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语；whom 为 who的宾格形式，在定语从句中充当宾语；what 在表语从句中充当宾语或表语或主语，也可以用来充当两种成分；which 的先行词通常是物或者事，在定语从句中充当主语。句意为：他作为一个满腹牢骚者而出名——他总是在抱怨一些事情。此处的空格充当