1、【预讲练结】 人教版选修八 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 练习(时间：90 分钟 满分：110 分)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节；满分 30 分)第一节 (共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。AJust after World War the IOC decided that the Olympic Games would bring nations together again. As London had been selected to host the cancelle
2、d 1944 Games, the IOC decided to offer the 1948 Games to London. London accepted the offer and set about preparing the venues (场地) and all the other things that hosting the Olympic Games needed.With less than two years to get the Games ready, it was a great achievement in itself that the Games were
3、ready on time. The budget that was assigned to host the Games was 600 000, quite a small sum in comparison to the Games of today that cost billions of pounds.In 1948, large parts of London lay in ruins. Food and building materials were in short supply. It was decided that the Games would be held wit
4、h no new venues or athlete villages being built.The participating nations united to make the Games a success. Athletes were housed in barracks (兵营). School dormitories and even private houses were used to accommodate the athletes from visiting nations.At mealtimes, athletes were given increased rati
5、ons, the same as those received by British workers in the essential industries, like mineworkers, which meant 5 467 calories a day, instead of the normal 2 600 calories a day.The spectators (观众) who came to the Games had to bring their own food, as there were no facilities to provide catering at any
6、 of the sites. Even getting to the venues was a problem. The famous London Red Buses were used, and military vehicles, many of which were driven by women volunteers, were also used to transport spectators and athletes to the venues.Despite these problems, the Games opening ceremony was held on 29th
7、July, 1948, at Wembley Stadium. During the opening ceremony a message was shown on the giant scoreboard. It read: “The important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part. The essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well.”语篇解读 1948 年伦敦奥运会是二战后的第一届奥运会，二战后的伦敦百废待兴，在筹办过程中遇到
8、了种种困难，但人们最终克服了这些困难，成功举办了这次奥运会。1Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. The First Postwar Olympic GamesB. The Greatest Olympic Games in HistoryC. The Development of the Olympic SpiritD. The Most Important Thing in the Olympic Games答案与解析 A 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了二战后第一届奥运会1948 年伦敦奥运会。具体
9、介绍了伦敦被选为举办城市的原因、筹办过程中遇到的各种问题及其解决及最终的成功举办。2Why was London selected to hold the 1948 Games?ABecause London had rich experience in hosting the Olympics.B. Because Britain was the most powerful country at that time.C. Because London had been selected to host the cancelled 1944 Games.D. Because there wer
10、e plenty of excellent athletes in Britain.答案与解析 C 细节理解题。从文章第一段 “As London had been selected to host the cancelled 1944 Games, the IOC decided to offer the 1948 Games to London.”可知答案为 C 项。3From the passage we can infer that _.A. to save money only a few venues for the 1948 Games were builtB. many sol
11、diers took part in the competition of the 1948 GamesC. though facing great difficulties, London offered enough to athletes and spectatorsD. postwar London gained wide support when preparing for the 1948 Games答案与解析 D 推理判断题。从文章第四段可知伦敦获得了参赛国家、军队、学校及居民的广泛支持。4Which of the following statements about the a
12、thletes food is TRUE?A. They ate together with mineworkers.B. They enjoyed higher food rations.C. They were given rations of 2,600 calories a day.D. They had to bring their own food from their own country.答案与解析 B 细节理解题。从文章第五段可知运动员享受的食品定额与在重要产业工作的工人待遇一样，高于正常标准。BWhen I was 12, all I wanted was a signe
13、t (图章) ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday，my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials (姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasnt being “replaced”. Wed been burnt
14、out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything so most of the “new” stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what wed lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I wa
15、s sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents when Mum told me that she had something for me. It was
16、nt my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other giftgiving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “Youll recognize this one，” she said, smiling.Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet right inside.The family who had bought our
17、 house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. Theyd had it professionally cleaned up by a jewe
18、ler before sending it to my mother.And it still fits me.语篇解读 本文为记叙文，题材为人物故事。作者讲述了自己 13 岁的生日礼物，一枚图章戒指，15 年后失而复得的故事。5The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “_”A. fashionable B. availableC. practical D. renewable答案与解析 A 词义猜测题。根据下文 “it seemed every girl except me had one”(除了我以外，似
19、乎每个女孩子都拥有一枚)可推断出，图章戒指在当时是非常时髦的(fashionable)东西。available“可获得的” ； practical“实用的” ； renewable“可更新的”。6When she got the ring back, the writer was about_.A. 13 years old B. 15 years oldC. 26 years old D. 28 years old答案与解析 D 细节理解题。根据第一段可知作者是在 13 岁生日时得到的戒指；根据第三段最后一句可知，两年后作者一家卖掉了房子，当时她应该是 15 岁；再根据倒数第二段第一句可知，
20、13 年前买房的那家人因为装修而发现了这枚戒指。根据以上细节计算，作者重获戒指时应该是 28 岁。7Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The writers family moved several times.B. The writer never stopped looking for her ring.C. The writers ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.D. The writer lost her ring in the morning wh
21、en she took it off.答案与解析 A 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中 “Years passed, and a couple of moves later”可知答案选 A 项(作者一家几度搬迁) 。根据第三段倒数第二句可知 B 项错误；根据倒数第二段最后一句中“professionally cleaned up by a jeweler”可知 C 项错误；根据第三段第二句可知 D 项错误。CVacation Spots in OhioThe Boonshoft Museum of DiscoveryThe museum is based on the understanding
22、 that science is the process through which we come to understand our world, and that play is the way children do science. Visitors of all ages can explore the wonders of the world. The museum includes many places for adventure such as the Discovery Center and the Hall of the Universe. What make adve
23、ntures more exciting are real specimens (样本) from the museums collection of 1.4 million items.African Wildlife ParkThis wildlife park is spread across a large area of about 100 acres and you can see different species of animals moving freely as if in their natural habitat (栖息地). On entering the park
24、, you are given a basket of food for free. You are able to feed the animals out of the comfort of your own car. Any additional basket of food needs to be paid for.Rock and Roll Hall of FameRock and Roll Hall of Fame was opened somewhere in 1995, with a purpose of celebrating the spirit of rock and r
25、oll music and also studying it! It is among the top 10 vacation spots in Ohio. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame offers exhibitions, music events and also training programs on the subject. This is a perfect stop for everything on rock and roll music!The Armstrong MuseumThe Armstrong Museum, located (位于) in
26、 Neil Armstrongs hometown of Wapakoneta, Ohio, celebrates the life and the mission (使命) of the first man to walk on the moon. You can see one of the planes that Armstrong tested and enjoy a film about the development of the US space program.语篇解读 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了美国俄亥俄州的几处旅游景点。8What does the Boonshoft M
27、useum of Discovery aim at?A. Encouraging more people to do scientific work.B. Allowing children to learn about science through play.C. Helping people understand scientific development.D. Showing that science exists in the wonders of the world.答案与解析 B 细节理解题。根据对 The Boonshoft Museum of Discovery 介绍的第一
28、句可知，博物馆是建立在“科学是我们认识世界的途径，而做游戏是孩子们认识科学的方法”这一认识之上的。因此，博物馆建立的目的就是帮助孩子们以游戏的方式来了解科学。9You can do all the following things in the African Wildlife Park EXCEPT _.A. feeding the animalsB. driving inside the parkC. watching animals move freelyD. getting two baskets of food for free答案与解析 D 细节理解题。由 African Wild
29、life Park 部分可知，进入公园的第一篮动物食品免费，之后额外还要的话需要付费，故本题选 D 项。10If a student is interested in the history of the US space program, he will probably visit _.A. the Boonshoft Museum of DiscoveryB. African Wildlife ParkC. Rock and Roll Hall of FameD. the Armstrong Museum答案与解析 D 推理判断题。由文章最后一部分可知，如果一位学生对美国的太空科技感兴趣
30、，他可能会去参观 the Armstrong Museum，本题选 D 项。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Greet the Day: How to Become an Early RiserWaking up early is really just a habit. You dont need any skill to do it. _11_ Here are some tips Ive picked up along the way of developing the habit
31、of getting up early.Gradually settle into a new time to wake up as well as a new bedtime.Start small and work your way to an earlier wakeup time. _12_ Get used to your slightly earlier time for a few days so as not to shock your body. Then set your alarm back 15 more minutes. Keep doing this until y
32、ou reach the new wakeup time you want._13_Avoid bright lights before bed. Bright lights can reduce the production of the chemical melatonin (褪黑激素), which is responsible for causing sleepiness. The less melatonin there is in the body, the more probably the body thinks that its time to be awake. _14_
33、This will prevent you from getting a good nights sleep.When you wake up, get out of bed immediately!When your alarm goes off, you should get out of bed and get as much natural light as possible. _15_ When your body is exposed to light, melatonin production goes down. When this happens, you will be m
34、ore ready to start the day. Getting out of bed right away can also give you less motivation to go back to sleep.A. Get enough sleep.B. Avoid coffee or alcohol as well.C. Create a relaxing environment for sleep.D. Try some warm milk or have a hot bath to help yourself to sleep.E. When your body wants
35、 to sleep, it produces melatonin to help that process.F. You just need to wake up consistently to condition your body to the routine.G. Dont wake up more than 15 to 30 minutes earlier than your usual wakeup time.答案 11.F 12.G 13.C 14.B 15.E第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读
36、下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Two young men named Richard and Bill set out on a journey. Then one evening, Richard hurt his _16_ and fell to the ground. Bill helped Richard up and _17_ him to go on. “We must get to safety before dark，” said Bill, “or we may be _18_ by animals.”_19_ grea
37、t pain in his ankle, poor Richard struggled on. The two were making their way through the _20_ when they heard a sound. Something was coming toward them through the trees.“A _21_！” cried Bill. Without hesitation he _22_ Richard, who sank to the ground. Then Bill climbed up the nearest tree.Richard _
38、23_ the bear come closer. He was sure that it would kill him. Then he _24_ something his grandfather had told him when he was a little boy: “A bear will _25_ hurt you if you lie still.” So he _26_ to be dead. He lay flat and held his _27_. The bear was now very close to him. It seemed that Richard s
39、tayed _28_ with fear. The bear smelt his head and walked around him a few times. Then it gave up and _29_.Bill got down from the tree. He said, “It looked as if that bear were _30_ in your ear. Did it say anything to you？”Richard sat up and answered _31_， “It said that I should never _32_ with frien
40、ds who run away and leave me _33_ danger appears.”Looking around, Richard _34_ a goodsized stick lying on the ground nearby. “Now，” he said, _35_ for the stick to help him walk, “Ill use it the rest of the way. It will be a better friend to me than you were.”16A. foot B. legC. ankle D. arm17A. expec
41、ted B. stoppedC. forced D. supported18A. attacked B. annoyedC. bothered D. delayed19A. Instead of B. DespiteC. Because of D. Besides20A. snow B. grassesC. woods D. desert21A. snake B. bearC. tiger D. lion22A. let go of B. paid attention toC. caught sight of D. took care of23A. heard B. helpedC. watc
42、hed D. made24A. mentioned B. believedC. told D. remembered25A. perhaps B. neverC. usually D. seldom26A. pretended B. hopedC. chose D. hesitated27A. stick B. beliefC. bag D. breath28A. cautious B. impatientC. calm D. frozen29A. returned B. survivedC. left D. escaped30A. singing B. whisperingC. sighin
43、g D. complaining31A. coldly B. eagerlyC. hopelessly D. proudly32A. quarrel B. travelC. agree D. talk33A. as far as B. unlessC. until D. as soon as34A. spotted B. recognizedC. burned D. ignored35A. looking B. waitingC. reaching D. sending答案与解析 语篇解读 本文是记叙文。一对好友外出旅行，遇到狗熊时 Bill 扔下受伤的 Richard 爬上了树。机智的 Ri
44、chard 无奈之下装死骗过了狗熊并且巧妙地讽刺了 Bill。16C 由下文中的“great pain in his ankle”可知， Richard“脚踝(ankle)” 受伤了。17D Richard 脚踝受伤， Bill“扶着(supported)”他走路符合语境。最后一段中 Richard 找了一根树枝帮他走路也说明他需要搀扶才能前行。18A 由上文的“We must get to safety”可知， Bill 担心被动物“攻击(attacked)”。19B 脚踝剧烈疼痛与挣扎着前行之间形成让步关系，故用 Despite。20C 由下文中的“through the trees”以及
45、有熊出没可知，他们正在穿越“森林(woods)”。21B 由下文内容可知，一只 “熊(bear)”来了。22A 由下句 Bill 爬上树， Richard 倒在地上可知， Bill“放开(let go of)”Richard 自己跑了。23C Richard 无处可逃，眼睁睁地“看着(watched)”熊走近自己符合语境。24D 情急之下， Richard“想起了(remembered)”小时候爷爷对他说的话。25B 由下文 Richard 躲过熊的伤害可知，爷爷告诉他如果静静地躺在地上，熊是“不会(never)”伤害他的。26A 见下一题解析。27D 由 So 可知， Richard 按爷爷
46、说的“装(pretended)”死，他平躺下屏住了“呼吸(breath)”。28D 由熊放弃攻击 Richard 可知，他吓得“僵(frozen)”了，一动不动。此处强调保持静止。29C 由结局可知，那只熊没有伤害 Richard 而是“离开(left)”了。30B 由 Bill 问的“Did it say anything to you？”可知，熊好像在 Bill 耳边“低声说(whispering)”了什么。31A 由 Richard 所说的话可知他对 Bill 的做法不满，故用 coldly。32B 见下一题解析。33D 结合两人是一起旅行可知， Richard 讽刺 Bill，说熊告诉
47、他以后不要跟一遇到危险就逃掉的朋友一起旅行。34A 由 Looking around 可知， Richard“发现(spotted)” 一根大小合适的树枝。35C 找到树枝后，显然 Richard 是“伸手取(reaching)”它以帮他行走。第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。Today I went to a little convenience store in my town. At the door there was a man sitting on the flo
48、or looking uncomfortable with a sign _36_(say) “Its my birthday, help please.” I had nothing _37_ me, so I bought him some chocolate and joined a bank note. _38_ I left the shop he was still there, so I started a little conversation. He said he was from Clasgow and _39_ he has no home. My heart _40_
49、(sink). No one should be homeless. We should all have right to be sheltered in some shape of form.When he looked at _41_ bank note I had given him, he said, “Are you sure？” I said, “Yes, it is your birthday gift.” Then he said, “You know it is really my birthday. I was born on the 16th of August 1970, and this is the _42_(good) present I
