1、选修 8 Units 12真题在线(2012 江西高考 ) 某英文报社举办以“I Like Reading”为主题的征文活动，你打算投稿。请根据以下要点写一篇短文：1你为什么喜欢读书；2你喜欢读哪一类的书(例如：历史、科学、文学等)？请给出至少两个理由。注意：词数 120 左右。_佳作欣赏I think that reading is a must for people.By reading we can learn many things.I like reading very much for good books are my friends, which improve me and
2、enrich me when I was a little girl. I was interested in reading picture books on science and history.But as I get older, I like reading stories, especially short stories，for most of the stories will show me a lesson, thus making me wiser and wiser.While reading, I am absorbed in the story, as if I w
3、ere talking with the heroes in the story, or as if I were wandering in the place described in the story.I really enjoy reading.精彩采撷高级词汇记住下列词汇的用法1enrich v丰富；充实2wander v徘徊；漫步3be interested in 对感兴趣4get older 变老5be absorbed in 全神贯注于；专心于佳句背诵背诵下列句子，并体会与佳作欣赏中相对应句子的差异I enjoy reading so much as to regard goo
4、d books as my friends, which benefit me greatly when I was a little girl.Later on, as I get older, I appreciate reading stories, in particular, short stories.for I can gain some useful inspiration from the stories, thus making me wiser and wiser.Sometimes, while reading, I become so absorbed in the
5、story that I seem to be talking with the heroes in the story.(对应学生用书第 208 页)单词速览1.means n 手段；方法2boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期3customs n. 海关；关税；进口税4occur vi. 发生；出现5indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示6luggage n. 行李7slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤n. 滑动；滑倒8hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用9nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无10reform vt.& vi. 改革；革新n. 改革；改
6、造；改良11grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会12insert vt. 插入；嵌入13percentage n. 百分比；百分率14distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n. 差别；区分；卓著15majority n. 大多数 ；大半minority n. 少数16straightforward adj. 简单的；直接的；坦率的17undertake vt. 着手；从事；承担18breakthrough n. 突破19arbitrary adj. 任意的20obtain vt. 获得；赢得21attain vt. 获得；到达( 水平、年龄、状
7、况等)22forbid vt. 禁止；不准23accumulate vt.& vi. 积累；聚积24owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等 )；归功于25conservative adj. 保守的；守旧的26strike vi.& vt. 打；撞击；罢工27merely adv. 仅；只；不过28reasonable adj. 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的29differ vi. 不同；相异different adj. 不同的difference n. 不同；差异30resist vt. 抵抗；对抗resistance n. 抵抗；对抗【看单词，学构词】在 15.majority 中，ity 为后缀
8、，意思是 “性质；状态” ，用来构成名词。再如：reality 现实，ability 能力，activity 活动，possibility 可能性，nationality 国籍，disability 残疾，minority 少数，unity 团结，productivity 生产力，purity 纯洁，quality 品质，quantity 数量，electricity 电，simplicity 单纯。短语快译1live_on 继续存在；继续生存2make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等3back_to_back 背靠背4team_up_with 与 合作或一起工作5mark_out
9、画线；标出 界线6take_in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解7apply_for 申请；请示得到8pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清9cast_down 使失望；使沮丧10strike.into_ones _heart使刻骨铭心11from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔12bring_back_to_life 使复苏；使复活13in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机14in_good/poor_condition状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏15owe.to. 把归功于句式构建1It is likely that. 很可能However，It _is_likely_that Native
10、Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，美洲土著人很可能在至少 15000 年前就在加利福尼亚生活着。2Thats why.那就是的原因Thats_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天为什么还有超过 40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。3what 从句作介词宾语Two centuries later，the Spanish had
11、settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what_we_now_call_the_United_States二百年后，西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国的西北沿海。4whether.or 无论还是 However，scientists still wonder whether_cloning_will_help_or_harm_us and where it is leading us.然而科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类以及克隆技术将把我们引向哪里感到困惑。5Then
12、came.为全部倒装语序Then came_the_disturbing_news that Dolly_had_become_seriously_ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。(对应学生用书第 210 页)1means n手段；方法(教材 P2)Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存
13、在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。by any means 无论如何；以一切可能的手段by this means 通过这种方法by means of 用办法；借助 by all means 一定；务必；好的；当然可以by no means 决不；一点也不( 位于句首时，句子用部分倒装 )by every means 用尽一切可能的办法(朗文 P1416)The blocks are raised by means of pulleys.那些大块物件是借助滑轮吊起来的。You must finish the task on time by any means.无论用什么手段你必须按时完成
14、任务。(2012全国卷 )It is by_no_means clear what the president can do to end the strike.总统会采取什么措施来结束这次罢工还不完全清楚。By no means was he satisfied with the job and he asked us to finish the task by_all_means他对目前的工作一点也不满意，要求我们务必完成任务。2majority n 大多数；大半(教材 P2)Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority wer
15、e religious men，whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。(1)the/a majority of名词，表示 “大多数” 。谓语动词的数与 of 后面的名词相一致。the majority 单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。(2)be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数have a majority over sb.获得多于某人的 (3)minority n少数in the minority
16、占少数The majority were/was against the plan.大多数人反对这个计划。In the city ，Muslims are in_the_majority在这个城市里穆斯林占多数。Obama had_a_majority_over Mitt Romney and won the election.奥巴马得票多于米特 罗姆尼，获得大选的胜利。3occur vi.发生；出现；被想到(2012广东高考 阅读理解 C)There were all sorts of disasters that used to occur on the way to and from w
17、ork.过去，在我上下班途中发生过各种各样的悲剧。(1)It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事(2)occur to sb.被想到；发生在某人身上(3) 某人突然想起sth.occurs to sb.sth.strikes es to sb.It occurs to sb.that.It strikes sb.that. It never occurred to him that he would make such a great success in teaching career.他从来没有想到他会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。A good idea occ
18、urred_to/struck/came_to me.我突然想到一个好办法。4undertake vt.着手；从事；承担；保证(教材 P11)It is a difficult task to undertake.这是一项很难完成的任务。undertake sth.承担；接受；承诺做某事undertake to do sth.同意、答应或着手做某事undertake that.保证We are supposed to undertake the responsibility to lead a lowcarbon lifestyle，which is of great significance
19、.我们应该承担过低碳生活的责任，这意义重大。He undertook _to_finish the job by Friday.他答应在星期五以前完成那项工作。I can undertake_that you will enjoy the trip.我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。5forbid(forbade/forbad，forbidden)vt.禁止；不准(教材 P12)Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人的研究。forbid
20、 sth./doing sth.禁止(做)某事forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事forbid sb.sth.禁止某人某事forbid that.禁止(常用 shoulddo)Its forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的The school forbids the students to smoke/from smoking.学校禁止学生吸烟。Everyone is_forbidden_to_own a gun privately.不许任何人私自拥有枪支。The law forbids_buil
21、ding on farmland.法律不准在农田上搞建筑。6owe vt.欠 (账、钱、人情等 )；归功于；应感谢(教材 P13)You owe the lady an apology.你必须向这位女士道歉。(1)owe sb. sth.owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物owe.to.把 归功于owe it to sb. that.多亏某人 (2)owing to 因为；由于I owe you an apology for having been so rude to you last night.昨晚我太粗暴，应该向你道歉。The wellknown scientist always
22、says that he owes_all_his_success_to the support of his family.这位著名的科学家常说他的成功归功于家人的支持。Owing_to_the_rain，the match was cancelled.比赛因下雨取消了。7strike n罢工 vi.& vt.打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时；划(火柴)；打动(教材 P15).proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts.证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。【一词多义】写出下列句子中
23、 strike 的词性及含义The clock has just struck 10.vt.报时It struck me that no one was at home.vt.突然想起He struck the table a heavy blow angrily.vt.打；击The girl struck a match and lit a candle.vt.划火柴She was struck by his kindness.vt.打动They have been on strike for several days.n.罢工A big earthquake struck the area
24、 last week.vt.袭击(1)strike.with.用敲打strike/knock against 撞到上It strikes sb. that.某人突然意识到be struck by.深受感动；被 打动(2)on strike 罢工(朗文 P2294)The victim had been struck with some kind of wooden implement.受害人遭到某种木制器具的击打。It_struck_her_that losing the company might be the least of her worries.她突然意识到失去公司或许是她最不担心的
25、一件事。Workers had been out on_strike for 8 months.工人已经罢工 8 个月了。考点拾遗8resist vt.抗拒；抵制；对抗；忍住(2012湖北高考 完形填空)I was not strong enough to resist the offer.我不够坚定，抵抗不了他的好意。I couldnt resist having a look at her diary.我忍不住看了一眼她的日记。1take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留(教材 P8)Its a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.这是一次往返 79 公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。【一词多义】写出下列句子中 take in 的含义This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in.包括We are taken in by his promise of quick profit.欺骗I dont take in what you are talking about.理解，明白He was homeless ，so we took him in.收留；留宿
