1、Unit 4 Earthquakes.单词拼写1They befriended the young girl, providing her with food and_(庇护；保护 )2We were all_( 震惊)when we heard about the accident.3He was too excited to_(表达)himself clearly.4It is an area where natural_(灾害)often happen.5Many men were_(埋葬)underground when the accident at the mine happene
2、d.6A great many houses were d_in the earthquake and many people became homeless.7The interruption of e_made us unable to do anything on the computer.8Many pipes b_before the earthquake happened.9He was i_when he was working in his workshop.10C_to you on your passing the driving test.答案：1.shelter 2.s
3、hocked 3.express 4.disasters5buried 6.destroyed 7.electricity 8.burst 9.injured10Congratulations.完成句子1You shouldnt have gone out to play_ _ _ _(没完成作业)(leave)2That scientist knew nothing about the matter, because he_ _ _ _ _ _(总是专心于研究) (bury)3_ _ _ _ _(从她上一封信看), they are having a wonderful time.(judg
4、e)4If a pen is partly put into the water, it looks_ _ _ _ _(好像断了)(as)5The boy_ _ _(突然大哭起来)on seeing the big dog.(burst)答案：1.leaving your homework unfinished 2.was always burying himself in his study/was always buried in his study 3.Judging by/from her last letter 4.as if it were broken 5.burst into
5、tears/burst out crying.单项填空1After the fire, the once beautiful house is_.Ain ruin Bon the ruinCon ruins Din ruins答案：D in ruins 是固定短语，意为“严重受损，破败不堪” 。句意：大火过后，曾经漂亮的房子成了一片废墟。2_the number of cars, only_small number of people have attended the meeting.AJudging from; a BJudged from; aCJudging from; the DJu
6、dged from; the答案：A 考查 judge 及 a/the number of 的用法。句意：从车的数量来看，只有少数人参加了会议。judging from 为固定用法，可先排除 B、D 。a number of 意为“一些” ，the number of 意为 “的数量” 。3The audience waited until the curtain rose and then_laughter at the sight of the funny actor.Aburst out Bburst intoCbroken into Dbegan with答案：B 考查词语搭配。bur
7、st into laughterburst out laughing，意为“大笑起来” 。句意：观众们一直等到幕布拉起，然后一看到那个滑稽的演员，大家都突然大笑起来。break into“破门而入 ”；begin with“以开始” 。4_seems to me that you dont like that boy.AThat BItCHe DThis答案：B it seems(to sb.)that. 为固定句型，意为“好像” 。5To my anger, the dog followed me_I went.Aeverywhere BanywhereCany place Dwhere t
8、here答案：A 考查 everywhere 作连词的用法。 everywherewherever/no matter where。6As is reported，_money is spent on tobacco every year.Aa large amount of Ba large number ofCa great many Da great many of答案：A money 是不可数名词，因此只能用 a large amount of(许多，大量的) 修饰。句意：据报道，每年都有许多钱花在了烟草上。a number of 和 a great many 也有此意，但只能修饰可数
9、名词。7Thank you so much. You_me from an embarrassing situation.Aremember BrecoverCrescue Dreserve答案：C rescue sb. from.意思是“把某人从中解救出来” ，符合题意。8(2010天津，11)Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion，and_as a manager.Aended up Bdropped outCcame back Dstarted off答案：A9Lucy didnt answer._， she looked
10、out of the window, as if thinking.ABut BHoweverCInstead DAnd答案：C 考查词语辨析。句意：露西没有回答。相反，她向窗外看去，好像在思考问题。instead“相反” ，符合句意。10He sighed again and the failure in physics seemed to have completely_his confidence.Ainjured BdestroyedCshocked Dattacked答案：B 考查动词。句意：他叹了口气，物理考试不及格好像彻底摧毁了他的自信心。injure 指在事故中受伤或者损害名誉
11、、自尊等；destroy“摧毁，毁灭” ，符合句意；shock “使震惊” ；attack “袭击” 。11_ was not careful enough in the test.I agree with you. Bob, for example, is always a careless boy.AAnyone BNoneCAll DEveryone答案：D 从答语知这一句话为部分否定句式，故应从 C、D 中选择；而all 若指人，应用复数谓语动词对应，故排除 C。12It was raining more and more heavily, and we all stood there
12、 under the_， just outside the door.Awindow BtentCroof Dshelter答案：D 考查名词辨析。由语境可知，雨下得很大，我们正在避雨，地点就在“outside the door”，由此可以排除 window, roof，更不可能是 tent“帐篷” ，所以应选 shelter“躲避处” 。13Id like to offer my hearty_to you on your_.Acongratulate; getting marriedB congratulations; getting marriedCcongratulations; ge
13、t marriedDcongratulations; getting marry答案：B 句意：我衷心祝贺你结婚了。句中应用“祝贺”的名词复数形式 congratulations; on 为介词，后应跟动词 ing 形式；get married 为固定短语，表示“结婚” 。14It was_great shock to the world that two aeroplanes crashed into_World Trade Center in New York on September 11th, 2001.Aa; / Ba; theCthe; the D/; the答案：B shock
14、指具体事情时为可数名词，a great shock 意为“一次沉重的打击” ；由普通名词构成的指建筑物的专有名词需加冠词。15He was so_when he saw a_snake that he jumped_.Afrightened; frightened; in frightB frightened; frightening; with frightCfrightening; frightening; in frightDfrightening; frightened; with fright答案：B 表示“感到害怕的”用 frightened，表示“令人害怕的”用frighteni
15、ng, in fright“惊恐地” ，with fright “由于害怕” 。.阅读理解AEveryone has heard of the San Andreas fault (断层), which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, th
16、ree major earthquakes occurred, all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, releasing some strong smell chemicals.The Mississ
17、ippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools(激流和漩涡). Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people
18、lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes was shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, DC.Scientists now know that Americas two major f
19、aults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal(水平的)boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California earthquakes result when the two masses make a sudden move.The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; at some point,
20、 possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions cause earthquakes in t
21、he region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern Illinois.Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area s
22、ince 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, but the scientists say they have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.文章大意：本文通过历史回顾和科学分析，提醒人们多关注 New Madrid地区频繁的地震。1This passage is mainly about_.A. the New Madrid fault B. the San Andreas C. the cau
23、ses of faults D. current scientific knowledge about faults 答案：A 主旨大意题。由本文第一段的最后一句话“But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri？”可知。2Which of the following pictures best describes the type of the New Madrid fault?答案：B 细节理解题。本文第四段和第五段内容可以判断 The San Andreas fault 是水平
24、地震，而 The New Madrid fault 是垂直地震，所以 B 项正确。3This passage implies that_.A. horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faultsB. vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faultsC. a lot of people would die if the 1811 New Madrid earthquakes happened todayD. the volcanoes that caused the
25、New Madrid fault are still alive.答案：C 推理判断题。本文无 A、B 两项相关内容；根据第五段中第二句“Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards”可以排除 D 项；根据第三段第三句“Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people
26、 lived in the area in 1811”可以推测答案为 C。BA powerful earthquake struck the northeastern coast of Japan at 2：46 p. m. local time on March 11th, 2011. Japans Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just three minutes later. The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems
27、 in the world.There are over 4,000 Seismic Intensity Meters(地震烈度测量仪) in place throughout Japan to measure earthquake activity. These meters provide information within two minutes of an earthquake happening. Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three m
28、inutes. There are also concrete sea walls around much of the Japanese coastline. But these measures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami.Castas Synolakis is a tsunami expert in Los Angeles. He says, “Japan is one of those most wellprepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami wa
29、rning. They had a warning. I think what went wrong is that they had not anticipated the size of this event.”He says there are two reasons for this. Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last 150 years. And scientists had not expected such a large earthquake happening of
30、f the coast of Japan.The 9. 0magnitude earthquake was the 4th most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide. It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan. The tsunami waves that followed were reported to have reached as high as 13 meters in some areas.Costas Synolakis says Japans concrete s
31、ea walls were not built to handle such high waves. A tsunami wave can travel as fast as 800 kilometers per hour. To get to higher ground people would often have to travel for many kilometers. This can take more time than a fast traveling tsunami will permit. This is especially true in cases like Jap
32、an, where the center of the earthquake struck so close to the coastline. The tsunami waves followed almost immediately.Experts say early warning systems will continue to be limited by these_facts until earthquakes and tsunamis can be predicted.文章大意：本文是科技文。日本的地震预警系统位居世界前列，能在地震发生后的两分钟内提供信息。三分钟内能够提供有关地震强度和震中的信息。在海啸预警方面，日本是世界上准备工作做得最充分的国家之一，但这次他们没有预测出这次海啸的规模如此之大。4From the second paragraph we can infer that_.AJapan is an island countryB the center of the earthquake is located in the northeastern coast
