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类型高中英语学习细节(人教版必修3)之astronomy: the science of t:(astronomy the science of the stars)基础过关 word版含解析.doc

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    高中英语学习细节(人教版必修3)之astronomy: the science of t:(astronomy the science of the stars)基础过关 word版含解析.doc
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    1、第一部分第一节 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项。AIn July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 pieces of a comet(彗星 ). When the fragments(碎片) landed in the southern part of the grand planet, the explosions were watched by scientists here on Earth. But what if our own pl

    2、anet was hit by a comet?The year is 2094. It had been announced that a comet is heading towards the earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the earth. The news has caused panic. On 17 July, a fragment four kilometres wide enters the Earths atm

    3、osphere with a huge explosion. About half of the fragment is destroyed. But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads. The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometres an hour. Citi

    4、es on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned. The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia. Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the earth, but the north wont escape for long. Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphe

    5、re by the explosion. As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later civilization has collapsed. No more than 10 million people have survived. Could it really happen? It has already

    6、happened more than once in the history of the earth. The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment. The dinosaurs couldnt survive in the cold climate that followed an

    7、d they became extinct. Will we meet the same end?1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the authors description of the disaster in 2094?A. The whole world becomes extremely cold. B. All the coastal cities in Africa are destroyed. C. The whole mankind becomes extinct. D. The visit of the

    8、comet results in wars. 2. Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?A. Because they could only live in the warm climate. B. Because they once dominated the earth. C. Because their extinction indicates future disasters. D. Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age.

    9、 3. In writing the passage, the author intends to _. A. give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the futureB. prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyedC. tell the historical development of the earthD. warn of a possible disaster in the future4. It can be concluded that the

    10、passage is most probably part of a(n)_. A. horror story B. news reportC. research paper D. article of popular scienceBSatellites are an important part of our ordinary lives. For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite. Some satellites have cameras which take photographs o

    11、f the Earth to show how clouds are moving. Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls. Computer connections of the World Wide Web and Internet also use satellites. Many of our TV programmes come to us through satellites. Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help t

    12、hem find their exact location. We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another. They are usually 35,880 kilometres above the equator. Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place. This is because it is moving around the world

    13、at 11,000 kilometres an hourexactly the same speed that the earth rotates. A satellite must orbit the Earth with its antennae (天线 ) facing the earth. Sometimes, it moves away from its orbit. So there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position. This usuall

    14、y happens about every five or six days. Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the Earth. A satellite usually works for about 1012 years. Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to Earth to be repaired.

    15、 Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the Earth for a very long time. This is very serious because some satellites use nuclear power and they can crash into each other. 5. Which of the following is NOT done by satellites according to the passage?A. Sending information for

    16、weather forecast. B. Taking photographs of the Earth. C. Sending TV pictures. D. Providing food for airplane pilots. 6. Whats the speed the earth rotates at?A. 35, 880 kilometres per hour. B. 335, 880 kilometres per hour. C. 11, 000 kilometres per hour. D. 110, 000 kilometres per hour. 7. What does

    17、the underlined word “This” in the 3rd paragraph refer to?A. A satellite. B. A little rocket. C. A satellite seems to stay in the same place in the sky. D. The satellite puts the rockets in the right position. 8. Which is true of satellites?A. A satellite usually works for about 10-12 years. B. Every

    18、 time a satellite gets broken, it is brought back to the Earth to be repaired. C. A broken satellite is never left in space. D. They often crash into each other. CIt was the first time that Benny had travelled on his own. As he stood with his luggage at the checkin for the flight to Singapore, he fe

    19、lt very nervous. “Youll be fine,” said his dad. “Nothing ever happens on flights nowadays!”Soon it was time to board the aircraft. Benny quickly found his seat and settled down next to an old lady. They started chatting and the lady told him that her name was Mrs Pang, and that she was on her way to

    20、 London to visit her son. As the aircraft rushed down the runway, Benny could see that Mrs Pang was holding onto the chair in front of her, and that she had her eyes shut tight. Although he felt rather anxious himself, he said, “Dont worry, Mrs Pang! Nothing ever happens on flights nowadays!” Soon t

    21、he plane was up in the sky and Benny and his neighbour were enjoying their drinks and the meals which the cabin crew(乘务人员) brought round. Suddenly, the plane began to rock from side to side. The meal trays(托盘) slid around on the little tables and the “Fasten seat belts” sign came on. The pilot told

    22、everyone that they must stay in their seats. Mrs Pang was holding onto something againonly this time it was Bennys hand that she was holding!“Dont worry, Mrs Pang, ” Benny began to say. But then he stopped. What could he say? He just patted her hand and tried to look confident. It took some time bef

    23、ore the plane got back to good weather but finally the passengers were told that everything was back to normal. Benny started to watch a film and Mrs Pang seemed to go to sleep. Suddenly, the plane rolled and without any warning, dropped down. Many people cried out as their belongings fell to the gr

    24、ound. Mrs Pang also gave a scream and held Benny tightly againthis time with two hands! But the plane kept going. The pilot announced that it was just an air pocket(气穴) and there was no danger. As they landed at Singapore airport, Mrs Pang turned to Benny and said, “Thank you very much for your help

    25、, Benny. Now please tell me what you said at first. ”“Dont worry! Nothing ever happens on flights nowadays!” laughed Benny. 9. Why was Benny nervous at the checkin?A. It was his first flight. B. He had too much luggage. C. He had never travelled alone before. D. He didnt want to go to Singapore. 10.

    26、 How did Mrs Pang feel throughout the flight?A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Surprised. D. Thankful. 11. Why did Benny stop speaking to Mrs Pang when the plane rocked?A. He didnt want to talk to her. B. He was too tired and fell asleep. C. She was too busy holding the seat. D. He couldnt tell her that no

    27、thing had happened. 12. Why did Benny laugh in the end?A. He knew that what he said was untrue of their flight. B. He thought what Mrs Pang did was funny. C. He was happy to be in Singapore. D. Their flight was great fun. DThe journey to the moon has been the first step towards future exploration in

    28、 space. The distance between the Moon and Earth is very short indeed when compared with the distances between Earth and the other planets. Mars, the nearest planet to Earth is millions of miles away! Travelling to the planets will be mans next aim. Such travels will be more challenging than the trip

    29、 to the moon and certainly more adventurous. Recently, two American spaceships, Vikings 1 and 2, landed on Mars trying to discover whether that planet has any life on it. So far the signs of life on Mars has neither confirmed(确认)nor ruled out. Russians have discovered that the surface of Venus(金星) i

    30、s so hot that it is almost certain that there is no life there. Also the atmosphere of Venus is extremely dense(稠) and the pressure is nearly a hundred times greater than that of the Earths atmosphere. Scientists believe man may find planets which have the same conditions as those we have on Earth,

    31、but man should realize Earth will be his only home for a long time and begin to love and care for it. 13. According to the passage, travelling to the planets will be_. A. much easier and even more interestingB. far more exciting and dangerousC. mans final aimD. mans first step14. From the passage, w

    32、e can guess_. A. there is life on MarsB. there is no life on MarsC. The atmosphere of Mars is not so dense as that of VenusD. scientists will have little hope to find the answers15. Scientists think we should take care of our earth because_. A. no other planets are to take the place of the earthB. e

    33、verything needed is provided by the earthC. the only home of man will be the earth for a long timeD. the dream to find another home for man will come true第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 10 分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。In our modern world, everyone is trying to do things faster, better, and more

    34、productively. Here are a few habits to help you increase your productivity. _1_ Just by taking a few moments to find 35 things you must finish each day, you will improve your overall productivity, because you cant focus on your important work if you dont know whats important. Dont multi(多)task. We l

    35、ive in a rapidly developing world, but scientists tell us that none of us is truly a good multitasker. _2_Create a morning routine. _3_ If you know you operate at your best when you have exercised and had a good breakfast, making those things a priority(优先考虑的事)will positively affect the rest of your

    36、 day. Be short and clear. When writing emails, get to the points quickly. _4_Work off line. _5_ If you cant avoid its distractions(分心), work offline or take your work somewhere without an internet connection to force some focus. I get so much work done on long plane journeys and I sometimes go to a

    37、local coffee shop for some work. A. The Internet is a fantastic, but an attractive place. B. Decide your most important tasks. C. Do the thing you want to do the least, first. D. Working on one thing at a time will make you faster. E. A good rule is to limit your email to five sentences or less. F.

    38、You dont need a fancy system for productivity, just a few good, timeless habits. G. For many people, deciding and continuing a morning routine can have a good start of the day. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分 45 分)第一节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1. 5 分,满分 30 分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mars is not, it

    39、 seems, the dry old planet we once believed it to be. Astronauts who are _1_ to go there in the next decade may find plenty of _2_ to slake(消除 ) their thirst. And with water present the _3_ of finding some sort of life on Mars are_4_brighter. This is the view of forty _5_ who have been analyzing _6_

    40、 of pictures and other scientific _7_ obtained by robot explorers in the sixties and seventies. To begin with, scientists thought the Red planet was as _8_ as the _9_ with dust storms swirling over vast sandy _10_. But now the picture is very _11_ with mountains and valleys carved by _12_ glaciers a

    41、nd rivers rushing and rumbling deep underground. In a report on the analysis of the Martian pictures Dr Michael Car of the US Geological Survey comments: “I am convinced _13_ lots of water on Mars. ” Any surface water will be in the _14_ of ice. But it could save explorers from_15_to take so much_16

    42、_with them. The report says _17_ Mars probably had a warmer climate in ages _18_ due to its axis (轴) having been more tilted (倾斜) towards the sun. _19_ signs of plant or animal life have been detected by instruments landed on Mars, _20_ the landing vehicles have been sent there for a few years. 1. A

    43、. expected B. hoped C. required D. sent2. A. water B. plant C. explorer D. river3. A. chances B. openings C. occasions D. possibility4. A. quite B. very C. much D. more5. A. biologists B. geologists C. sociologists D. psychologists6. A. a few B. many C. thousand D. thousands7. A. skills B. news C. i

    44、ntelligence D. information8. A. peaceful B. quiet C. lifeless D. dead9. A. moon B. earth C. sun D. mar10. A. deserts B. Mountains C. rivers D. seas11. A. beautiful B. lively C. difficult D. different12. A. energetic B. great C. heavy D. powerful13. A. theres B. therere C. heres D. herere14. A. appea

    45、rance B. way C. form D. shape15. A. have B. having C. carry D. carrying16. A. water B. ice C. equipment D. oxygen17. A. what B. if C. how D. that18. A. pass B. past C. ago D. before19. A. Not B. No C. Nor D. Never20. A. probably B. perhaps C. supposed D. although第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1. 5 分,满分 15 分)阅读下面材料

    46、,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。With the development of industry,air pollution is getting more and more serious. In Shanghai, many people suffer from different kinds of illnesses because 41. _ air pollution. Air pollution is 42. _(main) caused by the following reasons. About half of the problem is ca

    47、used by vehicles(交通工具). There are more and more cars and buses on the road, 43. _ give off 44. _(poison) gases. 35% of air pollution is caused by factories. 45. _ factor is smoking. 46. _(smoke) does harm to others health as well as to 47. _ of the smokers. Besides, about 10% of air pollution is caused by other reasons. We should take some measures to fight against pollution. New fuel can be used to take 48. _ place of gas. We can plant more trees,grass and flowers. All in all, if everybody realizes the 49. _(important) of environment and doe

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