1、2018 年 4 月 自考 00015 英语（二） 真题 2018 年 4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二） 第一部分：阅读判断（第 1 10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分） 下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择 C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Life on the Farm Life on a farm is always changing. New technologies and a rising interest in he
2、althier and organic eating have had a huge impact on how farms do business. At the same time, a growing population has put more demands on farmers. They need to find ways to increase their production levels. The small family farms that used to produce most of the products have been largely replaced
3、by factory farms. Small family farms that are still operating are struggling to keep up. Technology has made most aspects of farm life easier than it has ever been before. Bigger and more efficient equipment makes work such as plowing up fields and sowing the seeds easier. Such tasks used to take tw
4、o or three times as long. These advances have allowed farmers to work faster and more efficiently than ever before. In addition to newer technology, factory farms produce more products for less money than traditional farming would require. Modern farm life， despite the introduction of new technologi
5、es, has not changed much from what it has always been. Farmers still wake up early, and spend their days doing hard work. There are still animals to feed， cows to be milked, and fields to be plowed. Farm life still requires a lot of hard work and sacrifice. The main change in modern farm life is in
6、the way farms are run. It is common for even small farms to have several hired workers and even an animal manager. Family-run farms are becoming rarer. Factory farms, with other larger farm corporations, are becoming the norm. Although there are still many traditional family farms, they are quickly
7、dying as modern practices change farm life forever. 1.Factory farms now produce most of the products. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 A 【解析】题干大意：工厂农场现在生产大部分的产品。定位到文中第一段的第五句， “The small family farms that used to produce most of the products have been largely replaced by factory farms.”，过去大部分生产的商品的小家庭
8、式农场大量地被工厂式农场所取代。题目与原文意思相符，故选 A。 2.Farmers prefer to grow healthy and organic food. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 C 【解析】题干大意：农民喜欢种植健康和有机食品。定位到文中第一段的第二句， “New technologies and a rising interest in healthier and organic eating have had a huge impact on how farms do business.”，新技术和对健康和有机饮食的兴趣越来越大，对农场的
9、经营方式产生了巨大的影响。原文中没有 提及农场主更喜欢种植健康且有机的食物，故选 C。 3.Small family farms find it hard to survive. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 A 【解析】题干大意：小家庭式农场很难生存。定位到文中第一段的第五、六句， “The small family farms that used to produce most of the products have been largely replaced by factory farms. Small family farms that are s
10、till operating are struggling to keep up.”， 过去大部分生产的商品的小家庭式农场大量地被工厂式农场所取代。小家庭式农场在挣扎中经营。由此可知，小家庭式农场现在很难生存。故选 A。 4.Plowing and sowing by machines are advances in modern farming. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 A 【解析】题干大意：机器耕种和播种是现代农业的进步 。定位到文中第二段的第二、四句，“Bigger and more efficient equipment makes work s
11、uch as plowing up fields and sowing the seeds easier.” “These advances have allowed farmers to work faster and more efficiently than ever before.”， 更大和更高效的设备使得耕耘种子和播种种子更容易。这些进步使农民比以往任何时候都工作得更 快更有效率。由此可知，题目与原文意思相符，故选 A。 5.Modern farm products cost more than those from traditional farming. A True B Fa
12、lse C Not Given 【答案】 B 【解析】题干大意：现代农产品比传统农业生产成本高。定位到文中第二段的第五句， “In addition to newer technology, factory farms produce more products for less money than traditional farming would require.”，除了更新的技术之外，工厂农场生产的产品比传统农业所需的费用要少。题目与原文意思不相符，故选 B。 6.Most farmers cannot afford new machines. A True B False C Not
13、 Given 【答案】 C 【解析】题干大意：大部分农场主支付不起新设备的费用。通读文章，没有提及与之相关信息，故选 C。 7.Modern farmers do not have to work hard. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 B 【解析】题干大意：现代农场主不需要努力工作。定位到文中第三段的第一、二句， “Modern farm life， despite the introduction of new technologies, has not changed much from what it has always been. Farmers
14、 still wake up early, and spend their days doing hard work.”，现代农业生 活，尽管引进了新技术，但并没有发生太多变化。农民们仍然醒得很早，每天都在努力工作。由此可知，题目与原文意思不相符，故选 B。 8.New technologies have not changed farm management. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 B 【解析】题干大意：新技术没有改变农场的管理。定位到文中第三段的第一句， “Modern farm life， despite the introduction of
15、new technologies, has not changed much from what it has always been.” 现代农业生活，尽管引进了新技术，但并没有发生太多变化。由此可知，虽然没有发生太大改变，但依旧还是有所改变，题目与原文意思不相符，故选 B。 9.There are fewer and fewer family-run farms now. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 A 【解析】题干大意：现在越来越少的家庭式农场经营。定位到文中第四段的第三句，“Family-run farms are becoming rarer.”家
16、庭式农场经营开始变得越来越少。题目与原文意思相符，故选 A。 10.Modern farms are hiring workers from cities. A True B False C Not Given 【答案】 C 【解析】题干大意：现代农场从城市中雇佣工人。通读文章，没有提及与之相关信息，故选C。 第二部分：阅读选择（第 11 15 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项（ A、 B、 C、 D)中选出 1 个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项 涂黑。 Christmas Gift Mary didnt know what to send
17、 to her grandparents for Christmas. It was always hard to choose a good Christmas present for them. They didnt need much, and it was hard for her to be creative every year. One year, she sent them a big wooden elephant. It sat on the counter for a year, but then it disappeared, probably into a close
18、t somewhere. Another year, she made handmade soaps with nice smells, but they probably werent any better than store-bought soaps. Last year, she sent lots of nice pictures of herself in frames, but grandparents house was small, and they couldnt hang up very many. This year, she decided on fruit. She
19、 lived where it was warm and there was lots of nice fruit. Her grandparents lived up north, where it was colder and they couldnt get fresh fruit all year, or at least not oranges and grapefruit. Fresh fruit was healthy for her grandparents, too. Mary went to a fruit store and sampled the red oranges
20、. She really liked them and bought a kilogram. Then she tried three kinds of grapefruit. The white ones were sour. The star grapefruit were interesting, but the dark red grapefruit were great. So she got a kilogram. Mary carefully packed the fruit in a box to keep them safe and dry in case one got s
21、mashed and its juice got everywhere. Then she wrote the address on the box and mailed it from the store. She felt happy with what she bought. A few days later, Mary got a phone call from her grandparents, thanking her for the lovely fruit. They said it was a healthy， tasty, and very thoughtful gift.
22、 Mary had never felt so good before. 11.Mary was troubled because she_. A had no idea for a holiday gift B was not creative in her work C could not afford Christmas gifts D found her grandma hard to please 【答案】 A 【解析】事实细节题。 定位到文中第一段的第一至三 句， “Mary didnt know what to send to her grandparents for Chris
23、tmas. It was always hard to choose a good Christmas present for them. They didnt need much, and it was hard for her to be creative every year.”， 玛丽不知道圣诞节送什么礼物给她的祖父母。给他们选择一个好的圣诞礼物对她来说很难。他们不需要太多， 但对 Mary 来说每年都创新地选择礼物对她来说太难了。故选 A。 12.What did Mary send her grandparents last year? A A wooden elephant. B
24、 Handmade soaps. C Her own pictures. D A store-bought closet. 【答案】 C 【解析】定位到文中第二段的第三句， “Last year, she sent lots of nice pictures of herself in frames, but grandparents house was small, and they couldnt hang up very many.”，去年，她送了很多她自己十分漂亮的带画框的照片给他们，但是祖父母的房子很小，他们挂不上很多。故选 C。 13.In selecting the gifts,
25、 Mary was_. A excited B impatient C exhausted D thoughtful 【答案】 D 【解析】定位到文中第三段，今年，她决定送水果。她住在温暖的地方，那里有很多好吃 的水果。她的祖父母住在北方，那里比较冷，他们一年不能得到新鲜水果，至少没有桔子和葡萄柚。新鲜的水果对她的祖父母也是健康的。由此可知， Mary 在选择礼物的时候是深思熟虑的，故选 D。 14.Which of the following did Mary buy for her grandparents this year? A Yellow oranges. B Dark red g
26、rapefruit. C White grapefruit. D Star grapefruit. 【答案】 B 【解析】定位到文 中第四段的第三句， “The white ones were sour. The star grapefruit were interesting, but the dark red grapefruit were great. So she got a kilogram.” 白色的是酸的。葡萄柚也很不错，但是深红色的葡萄柚很棒。所以她买了一公斤。故选 B。 15.Marys grandparents_. A loved her gift B sent her a
27、 card C wrote her a letter D put her gift away 【答案】 A 【解析】定位到文中第六段的第一、二句， “A few days later, Mary got a phone call from her grandparents, thanking her for the lovely fruit. They said it was a healthy， tasty, and very thoughtful gift.”，几天后， Mary 接到了她的祖父母的电话，感谢她可爱的水果。他们说这是一种健康、美味、 体贴的礼物。故选 A。 第三部分：概括段
28、落大意和补全句子（第 16 25 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的 2 项测试任务：（ 1）从第 16 20 题后所给的 6 个选项中为第 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；（ 2）从第 21 25 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择 5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Team Work in Sports Teams that win in team sports are often those that work well together. Learning to cooperate with others towards a co
29、mmon goal in sports is what builds character, friendship and important life skills for players. Working towards a common goal will keep the team firmly together. Entering into a new season in sports, you might only know a few of the players on your team. Some of the players may be people you do not
30、like. But when your team decides to be the winner of the season, personal differences are often set aside for the common good of the team. By the end of the season, players who have fought through the whole season may become good friends, much like brothers. For kids and young adults, team sports of
31、fer a way for them to get out and meet with friends. This can help them avoid spending too much time at home watching television and playing video games. Team work teaches people how to help each other and encourage each other. It can also give players a greater respect for one another and can build
32、 friendships that last a lifetime. Team work in sports offers a way for people to compete for something together. It is important to know that winning is not everything in sports and healthy competition can be good for people. Working towards a goal can teach people the value of hard work, commitmen
33、t and devotion. Team sports are a great way to learn these values. Team work in sports can help young people develop stronger communication skills. As every member must work for the same goal, they learn how to work with one another successfully. Task 1 16.Paragraph1:_. A The common goal B Healthy c
34、ompetition C Team cooperation D Exercising and friendship E Problems between team members F Building communication skills 【答案】 C 【解析】该段主要描述团队合作，中心句为第一句， “Teams that win in team sports are often those that work well together.”， 在团队运动中获胜的球队往往是那些合作得很好的球队。故选 C。 17.Paragraph 2:_. A The common goal B Heal
35、thy competition C Team cooperation D Exercising and friendship E Problems between team members F Building communication skills 【答案】 A 【解析】该段主要描述共同目标，中心句为该段的第一句， “Working towards a common goal will keep the team firmly together.”朝着共同的目标努力将使团队牢牢地团结在一起。故选 A。 18.Paragraph 3:_. A The common goal B Health
36、y competition C Team cooperation D Exercising and friendship E Problems between team members F Building communication skills 【答案】 D 【解析】该段主要描述锻炼和友情，中心句为该段的第一句和最后一句， “For kids and young adults, team sports offer a way for them to get out and meet with friends.”， “ It can also give players a greater r
37、espect for one another and can build friendships that last a lifetime.”，对于孩子和年轻人来说，团队运动为他们走出去和朋友聚会提供了一种方式。它还可以给运动员更大的尊重，也可以建立一个终生的友谊。故选 D。 19.Paragraph 4:_. A The common goal B Healthy competition C Team cooperation D Exercising and friendship E Problems between team members F Building communication
38、 skills 【答案】 B 【解析】该段的中心句为该段的第二句， “It is important to know that winning is not everything in sports and healthy competition can be good for people.”，知道赢不 是体育的一切是重要的，健康的竞争对人有好处。故选 B。 20.Paragraph 5:_. A The common goal B Healthy competition C Team cooperation D Exercising and friendship E Problems be
39、tween team members F Building communication skills 【答案】 F 【解析】该段的中心句为该段的第一句， “Team work in sports can help young people develop stronger communication skills.”， 团队运动可以帮助年轻人提高更强的交流技巧。故选 F。 Task 2 21.Cooperation in team sports help build_. A set a goal B character C help each other D in team sports E
40、your personal differences F hard work and devotion 【答案】 B 【解 析】定位到文中第一段的第二句， “Learning to cooperate with others towards a common goal in sports is what builds character, friendship and important life skills for players.”， 在体育中学习与他人合作是一个共同的目标，它可以培养运动员的性格、友谊和重要的生活技能。故选 B。 22.When your team decides to
41、win the season, you set aside_. A set a goal B character C help each other D in team sports E your personal differences F hard work and devotion 【答案】 E 【解析】定位到文中第二段的第四句， “But when your team decides to be the winner of the season, personal differences are often set aside for the common good of the te
42、am.”， 但是当你的球队决定成为本赛季的胜利者时，为了球队的共同利益，个人差异常常被先放一边。故选 E。 23.In team sports, kids learn to_. A set a goal B character C help each other D in team sports E your personal differences F hard work and devotion 【答案】 C 【解析】定位到文中第三段的第 三句， “Team work teaches people how to help each other and encourage each othe
43、r.”， 团队合作教人们如何互相帮助，互相鼓励。故选 C。 24.In team sports people learn the value of_. A set a goal B character C help each other D in team sports E your personal differences F hard work and devotion 【答案】 F 【解析】定位到文中第四段的第三句， “Working towards a goal can teach people the value of hard work, commitment and devoti
44、on.”， 朝着一个目标努力可以教会人们努力工作、奉献和奉献的价值。故选 F。 25.A long-lasting friendship can be built_. A set a goal B character C help each other D in team sports E your personal differences F hard work and devotion 【答案】 D 【解析】定位到文中第三段的第四句， “It (team sport) can also give players a greater respect for one another and c
45、an build friendships that last a lifetime.”, 它 (团体运动 )还可以给玩家更大的尊重，也可以建立一个终生的 友谊。故选 D。 第四部分：填句补文（第 26 30 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分） 下面的短文有 5 处空白，短文后有 6 个句子，其中 5 个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Homeschooling vs School Many kids find it hard to concentrate in school. Classmates, bells, and eve
46、n cheerful decorations in school can make it hard for some children to concentrate. _（ 26） . In some schools, conditions are bad for childrens safety and health. _（ 27） . Homeschooling parents can control their childrens environment to make sure it is safe and healthy. When students sit in a classro
47、om surrounded by classmates, under the tight control of adults, they find it very hard to function in a normal way. Homeschooling children dont have to stay in the school. _（ 28） . They can interact with people in familiar situations, and they feel they can interact with people as adults. School bul
48、lying （以强欺弱） is a serious problem. _（ 29） . Although schools are starting to deal with this problem, many kids are still afraid of going to school. Homeschooling kids can choose who they associate with and walk away from an uncomfortable situation. Schools are cutting field trips. _（ 30） . On the co
49、ntrary, homeschooling can move outdoors, to the beach or the zoo. For homeschooling families, the whole world is a classroom. Learning takes place everywhere and it never ends. 26._. A Instead, they are out in the community. B In this case, homeschooling offers fewer interruptions. C Children usually sit at desks or around the kitchen tables. D Some children do not treat
