1、小学英语语法可数名词与不可数名词的区别与习题一、 可数名词与不可数名词的区别普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如 worker, farmer, desk, factory 等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如 people, family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如 meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念,如 work
2、, homework, time, health, friendship 等)。二、 可数名词的家务事可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如:book books room roomshouse houses day days2. 以 s, ss, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es 。如:bus buses glass glasseswatch watchesdish dishes box boxes3. 以“辅音字母+y“结尾的名词,要先将 y
3、改为 i 再加-es。如:city cities body bodiesfactory factories 等等。4. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,要将 f 或 fe 改为 v 再加-es。如:half halves leaf leavesknife knives wife wives5. 特例 悄悄话:特例常常考,要记住。 child children man men woman womenpoliceman policemen(规律:man men) tomato tomatoes potato potatoes悄悄话: 初中英语以 o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es,其余的当然
4、加-s 喽!如:photo photos foot feet tooth teeth 悄悄话: oo 变成 ee。 sheep, Chinese, Japanese 单、复数同形 悄悄话: 变复数时词形不变。 people 单数形式表示复数意义,要求谓语动词用复数; people 的复数形式 peoples 通常指“多个民族“。三、 不可数名词的家务事1. 不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如:The food is very fresh. 食品很新鲜。2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义发生变化。如:water (水) waters (水
5、域)orange (橘汁) oranges (橘子)3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数,表示种类时就可数,但意义大多不发生变化。如:fruit fruits food foodsfish fishes hair hairs用所给名词的适当形式填空1. How many_(sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some_(food) in the basket.3. The baby has only two_(tooth) now.4. There is a lot of_(water) in the bottle.5. There are f
6、ive_(people ) in his family.6. Lets take_(photo), OK?7. I have lots of_(tomato) here.8. The_(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.9. The_(child) are playing games on the playground now.10. Their_(dictionary) look new.11. I see you have a few white_(hair).12. They are_(woman) doctors.13. Can you give me some bottles of _ (orange), please?14. There are many_(fox) in the picture.15. I would like some apple_(juice). I am very thirsty.参考答案:1. sheep 2. food 3. teeth 4. water 5. people 6. photos 7. tomatoes 8. leaves9.children 10.dictionaries 11.hair,hairs 12.women 13.orange 14.foxes 15.juice