1、1. contribute to vt.就某种意义来说in no sense 决不【例句】There is no sense in my painting the door if were going to replace it later.如果我们打算以后把门换掉,那我给它上漆就毫无意义了。In no sense are people allowed to hunt wild animals for their meat or fur.决不能允许人们猎杀野生动物以获取它们的肉或皮毛。You are right in a sense, but you dont know all the fac
2、ts.在某种意义上你是对的, 但你不了解全部的事实。【小试牛刀】What she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make any _ of it.A. message B. Information C. understanding D. sense【答案】D4. apart from 除了之外【句型】apart from短语介词，后须跟名词、代词、动名词等，在意思上既可以表示从整体中去除部分，相当于 except，又可以表示除了之外还有别的内容，相当于 besides。【例句】Apart from the regular
3、 housing，almost every tribe had some style of housing.除了常规的房舍，每个部落都有自己的一些建筑风格。Apart from criminal investigation techniques, students learn forensic medicine, philosophy and logic.除罪案调查技巧外，学生们还要学习法医学、哲学和逻辑学。【拓展】易混词（组）辨析 例句besides“除了 之外，还有 ”，指 “在整体中加入一部分”I think she has many good qualities besides bei
4、ng very beautiful.我觉得她不但长得非常漂亮，而且还有很多优秀品质。There was only one person besides Ford who knew Julia Jameson. 除了福特以外，只有一个人认识朱莉娅詹姆森。except从所提到的人或事物中除去，即从整体中除去一部分The snow, except where it drifted, was only calf-deep.除了吹得堆积起来的地方，雪只有小腿肚深。except for表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定，起部分修正主要意思的作用；表示非同类事物间进行比较；置于句首，表达 except
5、的含义I sold everything I owned except for my car and my books.我把我所有的东西都卖掉了，只剩下汽车和书。apart from既可表示 besides，也可以表示 except或 except for，还可以表示 without 的意思Apart from / Besides / In addition to the cost, the dress doesnt suit me.姑且不论价格，这件衣服不适合我。It is a good book，apart from / except for the torn cover.除了封面破了，它
6、是本好书。but在意思上相当于 except，但常用在不定代词或疑问词后面in addition相当于副词 besides，表示“另外” ；in addition to 相当于介词 besidesIn addition to French, he has to study Japanese.除了法语外，他还得学日语。【小试牛刀】_ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.A. Far from B. Apart fromC. Instead of D. Regardless
7、 ofapart from 除了 ;far from 完全不 ;instead of 代替,而不是;regardless of 不管,不顾。根据句意可知,正确答案为 B 项。5. break away from.挣脱.的束缚；脱离；打破gkstk 应试指导 “break副词”类语境词义辨析break down 出故障；失败；垮掉；分解break up 粉碎；解散；放假；断绝关系break out（战争、火灾等）爆发；突然开始； break out doing sth.break through 取得突破；克服break into 破门而入；突然开始【例句】The man broke away
8、from guards. 那个男人挣脱了警卫。The TV broke down again.电视又出故障了。【小试牛刀】选择方框内的短语填空break through，break into，break away from，break up，break down(1)His car _on his way to work yesterday.(2)His house_ last night.(3)The thief_ the policeman and ran away.(4)What if you_ with your partner?(5)Scientists think they are
9、 beginning to_ in the fight against cancer.6. be known as 被认为是；作为而闻名【例句】They are known as the House of Representatives and the Senate.它们被称为众议院和参议院。Chicago is known as“the windy city”芝加哥被称为“风城” 。Shes known as a great singer.她是公认的大歌唱家。【易混辨析】be known as, be known for 与 be known tobe known as 被认为是，作为而闻名
10、be known forbe famous for 以 闻名。be known to 为所知。【例句】The Saumur region is known for its sparkling wines.(法国)索米尔地区以出产香槟酒而闻名。It is known to us all that Liu Xiang is a man of iron.众所周知，刘翔是个意志坚强的人。【小试牛刀】介词填空Zhang Ziyi is known _ everyone _ a good actress.He was known _ his frankness.This place is known _
11、the most dangerous part of the city.【答案】 to；as for as 7. leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑【例句】They must decide what to leave out.他们必须决定省去什么。gkstkgkstkgkstkShe left out the date on the cheque.她在支票上漏写了日期。【拓展】(1)leave alone 别管；别惹；别动，让独自待着(2)leave behind 不带走；忘了带；遗留(3)leave off 停止，中断；脱掉(4)leave sth. with/to sb.把托付给某人(
12、5)leave sth. aside 不考虑某事物，忽略(6)leave sb./sth. for sb./sth.抛弃某人或某事物而追求他人/ 物(7)leave sb./sth. out 遗漏，略去(8)leave for 动身到 (某处)(9)leave go (of sth.)松手；撒手；放开(10)on leave 休假中【例句】You shouldnt have left such a child alone at the station at night.你不应当让那样一个小孩在夜晚独自待在车站里。Barry took up the story where he had left
13、 off last time.白瑞从上次停下来的地方接着讲故事。He departed for Washington, leaving the children with their mother.他离开去了华盛顿，把孩子交给了他们的母亲。She left her bag behind in the train. 她把包丢在列车上了。Leave it to me. Ill make sure it gets posted. 把它交给我吧，我会把它寄出去的。He left a great fame behind. 他身后留下了盛名。Will you leave that piano alone?
14、 别碰那架钢琴好吗？【小试牛刀】单项填空 gkstkgkstkgkstk.ComIts unnatural for a mother to leave her child _ to enjoy herself.Aalone Blonely Clone Dloneliness【答案】A 8. take up 拿起（ pick up，lift） ；接受（accept） ；开始；继续（ continue） ；占用（fill or use space or time） ；从事gkstk 应试指导 take 短语语境词义辨析take down 拆除；写下take on 呈现；雇用；承担 gkstkgks
15、tkgkstkgkstktake over 接管；承袭take off 脱掉；起飞；成功；开始流行take.into consideration/account 把考虑进去【例句】He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。【小试牛刀】选择方框内的短语填空take on，take over，take up，take off(1)I put the telephone down and_ my work again.(2)It successfully _sky news，a popular
16、 news channel running in the UK since 1989.(3)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city _a new look.(4)He _his glasses and blinked at them.9. speed up 加速；加快【拓展】at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of 以速度pick up/gather speed 加速slow down 减速【拓展】We
17、must speed up the pace of our economic reform.我们必须加快经济改革的步伐。Even worse，if there were no change about that，diseases would spread at a very quick speed.更糟的是，如果没有变化，疾病就会快速蔓延。【小试牛刀】用 speed 及其相关短语完成下列小片段Yesterday Tom was driving home _(以速度)150kph when he was stopped by a policeman.He was fined because of
18、 _ (超速) Therefore，on the rest way，he had _(减速 )10. lose sight of 看不见教材原句 P18：However ，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，王平不见了，因为很多汽垫车都四面八方地从身边飞奔。【拓展】(1)catch sight of.望见，看到 come i
19、nto sight 出现在眼前，进入视野(2)at the sight of.在看到时in/within sight 在视线内，可以被看见out of sight 看不见了，不被人看见【例句】Only a short-sighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。I looked out of the window and caught sight of train passing by very quickly.我从窗户向外看去，看见了一列急驰而过的火车。The mountain
20、town came_into_sight as we turned the last corner.我们拐过最后一个弯，山城就映入了我们的眼帘。11.be similar to 与相似【例句】His views are similar to mine. 他的观点与我的很相似.They are similar to each other in appearance. 他们在长相上非常相似。【拓展】be familiar to 对某人来说是熟悉的be familiar with 某人对很熟悉in a similar way 以与.相似的方式12. sweep up打扫；横扫【拓展】sweep as
21、ide 放 gkstk 堆到一边 , 不予理会sweep away 扫清 , 迅速消灭, 肃清, 冲走sweep off 扫清 ; 吹走; 大量清除sweep out 扫掉 ; 清除sweep over 将.一扫而光13. concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于gkstk 多词一义 concentrate on，fix on，focus on，fasten on，be absorbed in ，be devoted toconcentrate ones mind/attention/thoughts/efforts on 集中注意力于；专注于be concentrated in/on/
22、around.集中在；汇集于focus/fix ones attention on/put ones mind to/put ones heart into/be absorbed in/be lost in/apply oneself/ones mind to 专心于【例句】I cant concentrate on my studies with that noise going on. 有噪音我不能集中精力学习。We must concentrate our attention on improving education. 我们必须致力于改进教育工作。【小试牛刀】(1)语法填空 It
23、was up to him to concentrate_ his studies and make something of himself. If you apply yourself_ the job in hand，youll soon finish it. Nothing is difficult if you put your heart_ it. She is absorbed _music.(2)同义句改写Concentrate your attention on your study and youll succeed._. (改为复合句)He concentrated his mind on his work and didnt notice my appearance.a_. (用 with 复合结构改写句子)b_.(用独立主格结构改写句子)【答案】(1) on to into in版权所有：学优高考网()
