1、第二部分 题型应对策略 第1讲 词法类错误,考点1 谓语动词误用 【典例】(2018全国卷)Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes.,【考场思维】 根据观察可知, 本句没有谓语动词。 尝试解答: _,unwilling前加was,【过关检测】 1. (2018全国卷)I didnt realize how right my parentsare until I entered high school. ( ) 2. (2018全国卷)It was Monday morning, and the writing class
2、had just begin. ( ),arewere,beginbegun,3. (2017全国卷)When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables! ( ) 4. (2017全国卷)About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school andbecame a new member of the school music club. ( ),camecomes,tooktak
3、en,5. (2017全国卷)I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years. ( ) 6. (2016全国卷) I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost, yet we can still learn a lot. ( ),hadhave,thoughtthink,7. (2016全国卷)Every day he makes sure that freshvegetables and high quality oil are using
4、 for cooking. ( ) 8. (2016全国卷)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip. ( ),usingused,chosechoose,9. (2016全国卷)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. ( ),去掉can或can,改为should,【技法点金】 1. 识别时态不一致 文章前后是现在式但却用了过去式, 或前后都是过去式却用了现在式, 导致时态不一致。,2. 判断并列不一致 在平行或并列结构中, 动词的形式通常
5、是一致的。关键的问题是看and, or等后的动词与前面的哪个动词并列, 一定要理解, 辨别清楚。,3. 留心语态错误 构成被动语态的过去分词写成了一般过去式或现在分词。 主动语态中却多了be以及be的变形, 变成了被动语态。,4. 注意主谓不一致情况 主语是单数形式, 谓语却采取复数形式; 主语是复数形式, 谓语却采取单数形式, 导致主谓不一致的情况。,5. 牢记情态动词用法 情态动词后一定要接动词原形, 但却用了过去式或其他形式。 情态动词相互间的误用。,考点2 非谓语动词形式错误 【典例】(2018全国卷)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would
6、 be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.,【考场思维】 寻找谓语动词: 本句谓语动词为was, 故可判断wait 要用非谓语形式; 根据逻辑关系解题: wait与其逻辑主语everyone构成 主动关系。 尝试解答: _,waitwaiting,【过关检测】 1. (2018全国卷)As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. ( )
7、,watchingwatch; 去掉let前的to,2. (2018全国卷)Some of us were confident and eagertake part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious. ( ) 3. (2016全国卷)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. ( ),eager后加to,wearwearing,4. (2018齐齐哈尔二模)With time go by, I am Seniorthree now. ( ) 5. F
8、at and sugar can make you to gain weight and become sick. ( ) 6. (2018寿光二模)Have a disability does not mean your life is not satisfied. ( ),gogoing,去掉gain前面的to,HaveHaving,7. Beside me there was a woman hold a little boy in herarms. ( ),holdholding,【技法点金】 1. 理清to的两种命题方式 多余: 感官动词和使役动词(get除外)后面跟不带to的不定式
9、作宾语补足语。 缺失: 有些动词, 如want, decide, plan等后应接带to的不定式作宾语。,2. 辨清非谓语动词与谓语动词 句中已有谓语动词, 且另一动词不作并列谓语, 则只能用非谓语动词。,3. 搞清动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式的区别 动词-ing形式表主动、进行; 动词-ed形式表被动、完成; 动词-ing形式转化的形容词表示“令人的”, 常修饰物; 而动词-ed形式转化的形容词表示“感到的”, 常修饰人。,4. 掌握介词标志 介词后一般需要跟名词或动词-ing形式。 5. 注意主语或宾语形式 主语或宾语常常使用动词-ing形式或不定式。 6. 明晰介词to与不定式符号t
10、o的用法区别,考点3 形容词和副词误用 【典例】(2018全国卷)Immediate, I raised my hand. 【考场思维】 语境含义: 我立即举起了手。 语境分析: 此处修饰整个句子, 应该使用副词。 尝试解答: _,ImmediateImmediately,【过关检测】 1. (2017全国卷)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. ( ) 2. (2017全国卷)Beside, they often get some useful information from the Internet. (
11、 ),earlierearly,BesideBesides,3. (2016全国卷)At one time, I even felt my parentscouldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. ( ) 4. (2016全国卷)They were also the best and worse years in my life. ( ),freelyfree,worseworst,5. (2018成都二模)The dishes that I cooked were Moms favoritest. ( ) 6.
12、Anyway, I will get used to living here and hope everything will be more better soon. ( ),favoritestfavorite,去掉more或moremuch,【技法点金】 1. 明辨词性误用 副词修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 在句中作状语。,2. 理清比较级、最高级的误用 原级和比较级混用。 比较级和最高级混用。 在本身已是比较级形式的基础上误加more。 在没有最高级的词前误加most。,3. 关注形近词误用 hard意为“刻苦地、猛烈地”, 而hardly意为“几乎不、几乎没有”; beside
13、意为“在旁边”, besides意为“另外”。,4. 看清重点连接副词误用 however主要用于转折或对比, 意思是“然而, 可是, 但是”; therefore主要表示结果, 意思是“因此, 所以”。,考点4 名词和冠词误用 【典例】(2018全国卷)When I was little, Fridays night was our family game night.,【考场思维】 语境含义: 当我小的时候, 星期五的夜晚是我们的 家庭游戏之夜; 根据语法知识分析: 当表示星期的词加具体时间 时, 不用所有格形式。 尝试解答: _,FridaysFriday,【过关检测】 1. (2018
14、全国卷)After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. ( ) 2. (2018全国卷)The classroom is a place for learningand that includes learning from textbooks, and mistake as well. ( ),sortsorts,mistakemistakes,3. (2017全国卷)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Interne
15、t. ( ) 4. (2017全国卷)I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the latest music albums. ( ),informationsinformation,differencedifferent,5. (2017全国卷)They live far from the school, and ittakes them about a hour and a half to go to work everyday. ( ) 6. (20
16、17全国卷)Around me in picture are the thingswhich were very important in my life at that time: carmagazines and musical instruments. ( ),第一个aan/one,在picture前加the或this,7. (2016全国卷)My uncle tells me that the key to hissuccess is honest. ( ) 8. (2016全国卷)My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich
17、in the short period of time. ( ),honesthonesty,thea,【技法点金】 1. 理清单复数使用情况 单个东西和不可数的名词要用单数。 多个可数的名词要用复数。,2. 牢记雷打不动的十大不可数名词 advice, news, information, progress, work, fun, weather, music, health, luck。,3. 三类位置后常用名词 冠词后常用名词。 介词后常用名词。 形容词性物主代词后常用名词。,4. 关注冠词的考查重点 a 和 an, 表达数量, 或者泛指任何一个。a用于辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的词前
18、, an用于元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的词前。 若对于某个名词有明指或暗示的情况, 前面要加the。,若某名词是复数、专有名词、或抽象名词、物质名词(没有固定性状), 前面不适合加冠词, 应把该位置空下来, 形成“零冠词”。 固定搭配中的冠词需要牢记。,考点5 介词和数词误用 【典例】(1)(2018全国卷)Still I was unwilling to play the games for them sometimes.,【考场思维】 语境含义: 不过, 有时候我还是不愿意和他们一起玩 游戏; 搭配识记: play. . . with sb. 和某人一起玩 尝试解答: _,forwith
19、,(2)(2017全国卷)In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.,【考场思维】 语境含义: 暑假时, 在我过了18岁生日后, 我参加了 驾照课程。 根据语境可知, 此处指我的第18个生日, 应用序数词。 尝试解答: _,eighteeneighteenth,【过关检测】 1. (2017全国卷)They have also bought for somegardening tools. ( ) 2. (2017全国卷)When I look at this picture of
20、myself,I realize of how fast time flies. ( ),去掉for,去掉第二个of,3. (2018全国卷)I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, and he agreed. ( ) 4. (2016全国卷)Now I am leaving home to college. ( ),去掉for,tofor,5. (2016四川高考)Dad cleaned the house, and thenwent on shopping. ( ) 6. (2015全国卷)Tony sa
21、w a toy on a shop window. ( ) 7. My grandparents live in an old apartment with five floors and they are on the three floor. ( ),去掉on,onin,threethird,【技法点金】 1. 关注介词遗漏 不及物动词后需要加介词才能加宾语。 作定语的不定式中动词如果是不及物动词, 或不定式修饰的名词和代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等, 不定式后要有相应的介词。,2. 明辨介词多余 及物动词后无需加介词再加宾语。 this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each等词构成的时间短语, 前面不用任何介词。,3. 牢记相似介词的区别 in、on、at的区别: 表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示具体的时刻。,4. 识别序数词与基数词的混用和错用 “只描述数量多少的”用基数词; “强调顺序性, 作第几”讲的时候用序数词。,5. 注意年龄、年代的表达法 表达“在某人几十岁时”用“in ones +逢十的基数词复数”; 表达“在几十年代”时, 用“in the +逢十的基数词复数”。,
