1、语法专项提升 专题十二.单句语法填空 1Between rows of trees stands(stand) a new building, which is supposed to be our new library and electronic reading room.解析 句意：一排排树木之间矗立着一座新建筑，这应该是我们的新图书馆和电子阅览室。本句是一个倒装句，主语是 a new building，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。2You can never be careful enough when taking(take) an exam. 解析 句意：考试时你越仔细越好。
2、本句含有一个省略结构：when taking an exam when you are taking an exam。3So sweet did her voice sound on the phone that I could hardly recognize it. 解析 句意：她的声音在电话里很甜，我几乎听不出来了。that 跟前面的 so 构成so.that.句型。4Youd better ignore him completely; the more attention you give him, the prouder(proud) he is. 解析 句意：你最好完全不理他。你越
3、是注意他，他就越得意。 “the比较级，the比较级”意为“越越” 。5Lets appeal to the publiclive(live) green to save our living planet. A small step can make a big change.解析 句意：让我们呼吁公众绿色生活，拯救我们生活的星球。一小步能带来大变化。public 后是一个破折号，表明其后是一个呼吁，则为一个祈使句，故用动词原形。6In my opinion, achieving what you set out to do isnt so important. It is joy in t
4、he journey that truly matters.解析 句意：在我看来，实现你要做的事情并不是那么重要。重要的是过程要快乐。这是一个强调句，用 It is/was.that.结构。7Where did you meet him for the first time?Maybe it is in the museum where we listened to the lecture that we got to know each other.解析 句意：你在哪里第一次见到他？也许是在我们听讲座的那个博物馆里，正是在那里我们认识了彼此。museum 后跟的是一个定语从句，且引导词在从句
5、中代替museum 作地点状语。lecture 后跟的才是 that 引导的强调句。8English has large vocabulary, doesnt it?Yes, know(know) more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.解析 句意：英语有大量的词汇，不是吗？是的，知道更多的单词和词组，你会发现阅读和交流更容易。本句是“祈使句and you will. ”句式，前半句是一个祈使句，应用动词原形开头。9All other factors being(be) equ
6、al, would you prefer a man or a woman to be head of your business? 解析 句意：所有其他因素同等的情况下，你是喜欢男士还是女士做你的业务领导？ 句中有一个逗号，前半部分是一个独立结构，等同于 when all other factors are equal。10I really dont know where it was that he bought the cell phone.解析 句意：我真的不知道他是在哪里买的手机。此处是强调句，根据后面句子的时态可知此处要用一般过去时。11It was not until he ca
7、me to China that he knew what kind of a country she was.解析 句意：直到他来到中国，他才知道中国是个怎样的国家。此处是强调句，强调的是句子的状语部分。12It was believed by the ancient Egyptians that intellect was to the mind what sight was to the body. 解析 句意：古埃及人认为智慧对于心灵犹如视觉对于身体。这是一个表示类比的特殊句型，即 A is to B what C is to D，表示前后的东西同样重要。13It was in thi
8、s very lab that was in the charge of John that they did the experiment.解析 句意：他们正是在这个由约翰负责的实验室里做的实验。此处的强调句强调的部分含有一个定语从句修饰 this very lab。14My room gets very cold at night.So does mine.解析 句意： 我的房间在晚上会变得很冷。 我的也是。第二句是 so 引导的倒装句，根据上句的谓语动词的时态推出此处用 does。15I dont think I can walk any further.Neither/Nor can
9、I.解析 句意：我想我再也走不动了。我也是。因为上句是否定句，所以此处用否定词 neither/nor。16He is a math teacher but he likes English.Its the same with his sister.解析 句意：他是一名数学老师但他喜欢英语。他的妹妹也是这样。因为上句有两个不同类型的谓语动词，故用“its the same with.”结构。same with 多用于对两种情况的比较，而 same as 多用于对两个单独事物的比较。17Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to my program. Joining(jo
10、in) me this evening is Dr Gray.解析 句意：女士们，先生们，欢迎来到我的节目。今晚加入我节目的是格雷博士。本句是分词置于句首的一种倒装，陈述句式应是 This evening Dr Gray is joining me。18Such great progress had he made that he was praised.解析 句意：他取得了如此大的进步因此受到了表扬。此处结构为 such.that.句式的完全倒装表强调。中心词为不可数名词，故用 such 引导。19Have you been to the Great Wall? Perhaps not in
11、 my memory. If ever,_it might have been during my early childhood.解析 句意：你去过长城吗？也许在我的记忆中没有去过。如果曾经去过了的话，那可能是在我童年的时候。if ever 是一个省略句，意即 if I have ever been to the Great Wall。20Not only will help be given(give) to the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need i
12、t.解析 句意：我们不仅要给残疾人提供就业帮助，也要给那些需要的人提供药物治疗。此处的倒装部分中的 help 与 give 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。.单句改错1No sooner had we reached the top of the hill we sat down to take a rest.that than解析 句意：我们一到达山顶就坐下来休息了。no sooner.than.一就，为固定搭配。no sooner 放在句首，其后的句子用倒装结构。2Not only he forced to stay home, but also he had to do his hom
13、ework.did was解析 句意：他不仅被迫待在家里还不得不做他的家庭作业。not only 放在句首，其后的句子用倒装结构，并且此处根据句意应该用被动形式。3. on the wall was a famous painting, which had been handed down for generations. Hung Hanging解析 句意：一幅世代相传的名画正挂在墙上。此句是倒装句，应为主动形式，故用hanging 表示过去正在进行的状态。4Little did he care about his own safety, he was in great danger him
14、self.as though解析 句意：尽管他自己深陷危险，但他并不关心自己的安全。此句中的让步状语从句为陈述句式，故用 though。5It was who went to the cinema with me yesterday.them they解析 句意：昨天和我去电影院的正是他们。此句是强调句。强调的是主语，因此要用主格形式。6When about whether I wanted to go for a picnic, I exclaimed “there cant be a asking askedbetter idea”. 解析 句意：当被问及我是否想去野餐时，我惊呼道：“这再
15、好不过了！”此处时间状语从句为省略句。根据后半句的含义，对于“我”来说是“我”被问到的意思，故省略 I was，用过去分词。7After that we never saw her again. Nor we hear from her.had did解析 句意：在那之后我们再也没见过对方，也没有收到过对方的来信。连词 Nor 衔接两个并列句。根据前半句的时态，可以推出后半句的时态应该为一般过去时。8Youd better work out more.Sometimes I . I had a walk after supper yesterday and Ill go to the gym
16、tonight.did do解析 句意：你最好多出门运动。有时我是这样啊。我昨天晚饭后散步，今晚去健身房。work out 表示“锻炼身体；做运动” 。此处是 sometimes I work out 的省略形式。由 sometimes 可知是一个经常性的行为，故用一般现在时。 9Drinking a little wine is good for our health. However, wine can also damage the liver and do great harm if /is consumed in large quantities.it解析 句意：喝一点儿酒对我们的身
17、体健康有好处。然而， 如果过量地饮酒，会有损肝脏并造成较大的伤害。if 后可用省略句，也可以不省略，如果省略，应将从句中的主语和 be 动词一起省略。10I have been living in the United States for 20 years, but seldom I felt so lonely as havenow.解析 句意：我在美国生活了 20 年，但是很少像现在这样感到如此孤独。否定词seldom 置于句首，句子要部分倒装，再根据前面的 have been living 可知，此处应用现在完成时。11She fled Romania for Germany in 1
18、987, after prohibited from publishing in her beingcountry, and it was then that she was fully discovered by the literary world. 解析 句意：1987 年，被禁止在本国出书后，她从罗马尼亚逃到德国。也正是在那时，她才真正引起了文学界的注意。并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和 be 动词，before/after/because 作连词引导状语从句不可省略主语和 be 动词；而 before/after/because of 作介词在句中作状语应使用介宾结构，介词后的动词
19、应使用 v.ing 形式。12Only by developing the economy greatly we satisfy peoples increasing material can/willand cultural demand.解析 句意：只有大力发展经济，才能满足人民日益增长的物质文化需求。 “only状语”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。13Mr Park, I know I am late and I am very sorry, but please allow me to explain it to you, you?do will解析 句意：帕克先生，我知道我迟到了，非常
20、抱歉，但是请允许我向您解释一下，可以吗？ 对祈使句的反意疑问一般是 will you。14Its nearly lunch time ；you must be hungry now, you? mustnt arent解析 句意：快到午餐时间了，你现在一定饿了，不是吗？ 对含情态动词表示推测的句子的反意疑问句的谓语动词是与情态动词后的动词保持一致。此处问的是 you are hungry, 因此，反意疑问句应是 arent you。15Turn down the TV a little, youll wake up the sleeping baby.and or/otherwise解析 句意
21、：把电视声音关小点，否则你会吵醒那个熟睡的婴儿。这是一个常见句型，当要表达否定意思“否则”时，就应该用 or/otherwise 来连接。16Look at the kids! fun it is to run wildly on the grass! How What解析 句意：看那群小孩！在草地上狂奔是多么有趣啊！fun 在此处作名词意为“乐趣”。在感叹句中，当中心词是名词时，要用 what 引导。17I dont think necessary for you to invite so many visitors. that it解析 句意：我认为你不需要邀请这么多的访客。it 在此处是
22、形式宾语。18Were all the toys for the children carried to their new kindergarten?No, was only some of them.there it解析 句意：所有给孩子们的玩具都带到他们的新幼儿园了吗？ 不，只带了一部分。本句用了强调句结构，强调 only some of them，后面省略了 that were carried to their new kindergarten。19As the basketball equipment is minimal and inexpensive, is no wonder
23、that the there itgame has become more and more popular around the world.解析 句意：由于打篮球需要的用具最少而且又便宜，难怪这种运动在世界各地愈来愈流行。It is no wonder that.是一个固定句式，其中 it is 可以省略，但 it 不能用 there 替换。20When we are feeling down, is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a it therefriend. 解析 句意：当我们情绪低落的时候，没有什么比看到一个朋友的笑脸更好的了。此处是 there be 句型。
