1、Unit 2 Cloning 单元测试（人教版选修 8，重庆专用）(满分：120 分，时间：120 分钟)第一部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分)第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly_size and shape.Aon Bfrom Cby Din解析 句意：各种各样的树上都有树叶，但是大小和形状各不相同。differ in sth 意为“在方面不同，有差异” ，符合
2、题意。differ on sth 意为“对某事有异议” ；differ from sb/sth 意为“与某人/某事不同” ；differ 不能与 by 构成搭配。答案 D2Although metals_widely in quality such as strength and hardness, they all have certain qualities in_.Avary; general Bdiffer; commonCreact; particular Ddivide; detail解析 考查动词及固定短语辨析。句意：虽然金属的某些特性诸如强度和硬度等有很大差别，但是它们具有某些
3、共同特性。第一个空用 vary 和 differ 皆可，表示“不同，有差异” 。react 意为“对作出反应” ；divide 意为“把整体分成个体” 。第二个空要用 in common，表示 “共同的，共有的” 。in general “一般说来” ；in particular“特别地，尤其是” ；in detail“详细地” 。答案 B3His sister was against my suggestion while his brother was_it.Ain honor of Bin memory ofCin favor of Din search of 解析 句意：他的姐姐反对我
4、的提议，可是他弟弟却赞成。in favor of“赞成；支持” ，根据 be against 与表示转折的 while 可知该项符合题意。 in honor of“为了纪念” ；in memory of“为了纪念” ；in search of“寻找” 。答案 C4What are your_for judging a bottle of wine?Aregulations BrulesClevel Dcriteria解析 句意：你判断一瓶葡萄酒的标准是什么？ criteria 意为“(评判之)标准，准则”； regulation 意为“规则；规定 ”；rule 和 regulation 类似，
5、意为“规定，规则，章程，条例” ； level 意为“水平，级别” 。答案 D5I forbid_here, Who has permitted you_here?Asmoking；to make Bsmoke；smokingCsmoking；smoking Dto smoke；smoking解析 forbid doing sth 禁止做某事，permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事。句意：我这儿禁止抽烟，谁让你在这儿抽烟的？答案 A6The people of China are strongly_the world peace and are strongly against
6、 the behavior which stops it.Ain favor of Bin terms ofCin place of Din need of解析 句意：中国人民强烈支持世界和平，强烈反对阻止世界和平的行为。in favor of 支持，赞同；in terms of 在方面；in place of 代替；in need of 需要。答案 A7We are thinking of expanding our business and hope we will establish business relations with you very_.Aimmediately Bshor
7、tlyChardly Dright away解析 考查副词辨析。句意：我们正在考虑拓展业务，希望和你们尽快确立业务关系。shortly“不久” ，符合题意。immediately“立刻” ；hardly“几乎不” ；right away“立刻，马上” 。答案 B8We thought of asking him for help, but we were_to get in touch with him at that time.Ahappy Banxious Ceasy Dunable解析 be unable to do sth 不能做某事。句意：我们想请求他的帮助，但那时我们与他联系不上。
8、答案 D9Hes_to fail the exam if he doesnt do any revision.Anear Bfit Cbound Deasy解析 句意：如果他不做任何复习的话，他肯定会考试不及格。be bound to do sth肯定做某事。答案 C10Although he tried to focus on his reading in the study, Toms attention was attracted by the loud music outside_.Ain time Bin no timeCon time Dfrom time to time解析 句意
9、：在书房里，尽管汤姆努力把精力集中到阅读上，但是他的注意力不时被外面吵闹的音乐吸引。in time 及时；in no time 立刻，马上；on time 按时；from time to time 不时地，偶尔。答案 D11Seeing your picture, I couldnt resist_the days_I was in the university.Ato think of; when Bto think of; which Cthinking of; which Dthinking of; when解析 cant resist doing sth 禁不住做某事。第二个空是由 w
10、hen 引导的定语从句，引导词在定语从句中作状语 。答案 D12As the interview went on, I suddenly felt that my years at the training center began to_. As I expected, I was offered a wellpaid job.Atake off Bgive awayCpay off Dgive out解析 句意：随着面试的进行，我突然感到在培训中心的几年开始有所回报，正如所期待的那样，我获得了一份高薪工作。pay off 偿清(欠款等)，贿赂，取得成功，有报偿。答案 C13Mary did
11、nt get there on time because of the heavy fog. Whats more, her car was in poor_.Aposition BconditionCsituation Ddirection解析 考查固定短语。句意：由于大雾，玛丽没能准时到达那里。另外，她的车状况不好。in poor condition 是固定短语，意为“情况/状况不好” ，故选 B。答案 B14I couldnt resist_online for over 6 hours a day once my vacation began, but then I got tired
12、 of it three days later. Ato chat BchattedCchat Dchatting解析 句意：假期一开始，我就忍不住在网上聊了六个小时，但三天之后，我就厌倦了。cant resist doing sth 禁不住做某事。答案 D15Sorry to_you, but could you tell me how to get to the ICBC?No problem.Ainterrupt BbotherCinterfere Dworry解析 考查动词辨析。句意：对不起，打扰一下，您能告诉我去中国工商银行怎么走吗？当然可以。bother 意为“打扰” ，sorry
13、 to bother you“对不起，打扰一下”是常用语。interrupt “打断，中断” ；interfere“干预” ；worry“使担心” 。答案 B二、完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面两篇短文，掌握大意，然后从 1635 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。(A)Anna Douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her newspaper column.She had been a school teacher before she retired，but she
14、 needed to keep_16_.She was even willing to work without pay.She then offered her_17_to a business that helped other businesses find jobs for old people.Every day she_18_other old folks like her，by talking with them，she_19_two things.Old people had abilities that were not used.But old people also ha
15、d some_20_.She found a new purpose for herself then.Through the years，she used to write stories about people for national magazines.There was now a new_21_：Old people like herself.She began to write a newspaper column called“Sixty Plus”，which was about_22_old.She writes about the problems of old peo
16、ple，especially their problems with being_23_.Anna Douglas uses her_24_ability to see the truth behind a problem.She understands why problems begin.For example，one of her_25_said that his grandchildren_26_the houses as soon as he came to visit.Mrs.Douglas_27_some ways for him to understand his grandc
17、hildren.16A.free Brich Cpowerful Dbusy解析 她从教师工作上退了下来，然而她需要一直忙碌着(busy)。从下文 she was even willing to work without pay 可作提示。答案 D17A.services Bmoney Cstudents Dbooks解析 从空后的 that helped other businesses find jobs for old people 可以看出， 她提供的是服务(services)。答案 A18A.observed Bmet Ccomforted Danswered解析 从空后的 by t
18、alking with them 可以看出，Anna Douglas 每天都与很多 老年人会面(met)，而不是观察或安慰他们。答案 B19A.enjoyed Bfollowed Crecognized Ddemanded解析 通过与他们交谈，她认识到两件事情。接下来的两句便是她认识到的 事情。recognize 在这里是“认识到”的意思。答案 C20A.mistakes BproblemsCquestions Dcharacters解析 然而老年人也有老年人的问题(problems)。根据下文可知，有一位老年 人不受其孙子女的欢迎，这是他面临的问题。答案 B21A.subject Blife
19、 Cway Dplan解析 联系上下文 Old people like herself 是报纸的一个话题(subject)，因此其他选项不符合题意。答案 A22A.getting Brespecting Cemploying Dsupporting解析 get old 在这里为系表结构。答案 A23A.unknown Brefused Cmisunderstood Ddiscouraged解析 根据下文作者举的例子说明，很多老年人被其孙子女误解 (misunderstood)。答案 C24A.thinking Bworking Creading Dleading解析 从空后的 see the
20、truth behind a problem 可知，Anna Douglas 用的是thinking ability。答案 A25A.visitors Breaders Clisteners Dfriends解析 根据上文可知，Anna Douglas 是靠写文章与老年人交流，故用 readers。答案 B26A.got Bentered Cleft Dpassed解析 联系上下文可知，这位老年人与其孙子女关系并不融洽，因此当他进 来时，孩子们就离开(left)。答案 C27A.suggested Bchose Cinvented Dimagined解析 Anna Douglas 向他提出了一
21、些建议(suggested)，设法理解他的孙子女。答案 A(B)There are a lot of situations in life where we need help.I dont believe that there are many people who have not been_28_by someone else at some point in their lives.It may be_29_through verbal support，or help to overcome a_30_that one faces in a personal or profession
22、al way.Some years ago，I helped a client of mine，which I think was part of my responsibilities.And there is absolutely no intention to form a lasting friendship.How wrong I was！Because of my work location being near to a former client，I occasionally ran into this person.What was_31_was that this pers
23、on continued to say how I had helped him gain a level of_32_.And，the beauty of this confidence spread to his family，colleagues and friends.I was very_33_that this confidence isnt a onetime event but was now appearing through their_34_life.And，what had started out as a client in need turned out to be
24、 a lifelong friend.As the old saying_35_，what goes around comes around.28A.refused Bassisted Clearned Dpersuaded解析 根据前文“There are a lot of situations in life where we need help”可知，许 多人在人生中的某个时刻得到过别人的帮助。答案 B29A.already Balways Chardly Dsimply解析 这种帮助可能仅仅通过语言。simply 仅仅，只是。答案 D30A.danger Bmistake Cdiffi
25、culty Dhabit解析 或者是从个人或专业的角度帮助克服困难。答案 C31A.unexpected Buncertain Cunpleasant Dunreasonable解析 根据上文“no intention”可知，那个人说我帮助了他，这是“我”没有预想到的。答案 A32A.bravery Bconfidence Chonesty Dleadership解析 根据后文“the beauty of this confidence spread.”可知，我帮他获得“信 心” 。答案 B33A.afraid Bdisappointed Cpleased Dcurious解析 作者为这种信心
26、带来的变化感到高兴。故选 C。答案 C34A.real Bdaily Clong Dhard解析 这种信心不只是昙花一现，而是贯穿到他们的日常生活中。daily 对应 前面的onetime 。答案 B35A.turns Bbegins Cgoes Dleaves解析 像俗话说的那样，go 表达，传达。答案 C第二部分 阅读理解 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。AAn extinct mountain goat that was once common in the Pyrenees briefly be
27、came the first animal to be brought back from extinction, as researchers used frozen DNA to produce a clone. But the newborn kid died within minutes of birth due to breathing difficulties, signaling that the Jurassic Park dream of resurrecting extinct species is still some way off.The Pyrenean ibex,
28、 or bucardo, is a subspecies of the Spanish ibex that is believed to have died out completely in 2000. Before the death of the last known individual (a 13yearold female known as Celia), biologists captured her and took cells from her skin and ears, which were frozen in liquid nitrogen(氮). An earlier
29、 cloning attempt using the skin cells failed during gestation. But the latest attempt involved the creation of 439 ibexgoat hybrid cloned embryos(胚胎). Of these cloned embryos,57 were transferred into surrogate mothers and seven resulted in pregnancies, but only one goat gave birth and the newborn cl
30、one died after seven minutes as a result of lung desease.Researchers say that other cloned animals, including sheep, have been born with similar lung defects, but they say that overall the experiment was a major step forward in the effort to bring the ibex back to its mountain home. Says lead resear
31、cher Jose Folch: “The delivered kid was genetically identical to the bucardo. In species such as bucardo, cloning is the only possibility to avoid its complete disappearance”The failure to produce a viable clone from DNA that was frozen only a decade ago illustrates the difficulty researchers would
32、face in trying to bring back species that have been extinct for decades, centuries, millennia, or epochs. Researchers have floated the idea of bringing back the Tasmanian Tiger, which went extinct in 1936, and others hope that woolly mammoths preserved in permafrost could one day be resurrected.Thos
33、e efforts are still largely hypothetical. There are, however, other serious proposals for cloning endangered animals, such as the giant panda, the African bongo antelope, the Sumatran tiger and the pygmy hippo. The methods advocates believe it offers hope of preserving the genetic diversity of these
34、 animals before they die out.【语篇解读】 科学家通过冻结的 DNA 成功地克隆了一只比利牛斯野生山羊。这种野生山羊在 2000 年就已经灭绝了。36What do we know about the cloned ibex?AIt died of lung disease.BIt was the first cloned animal in the world.CIt lived for thirteen years.DIt was born in 2000.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段 the newborn cloned kid died after seve
35、n minutes as a result of lung disease.可知，这只克隆羊死于肺病。答案 A37Jose Folch would agree that cloning_.Ais not suitable and should be bannedBrequires immediate attentionCshould be carried out cautiouslyDmay help prevent animal extinctions解析 细节理解题。根据第三段 cloning is the only possibility to avoid its complete di
36、sappearance.可知， Jose Folch 认为克隆有可能避免物种灭绝。答案 D38We can conclude from the passage that_.Acloning has developed quickly in developed countriesBno more animals will die out in the futureCcloning makes it possible to preserve endangered speciesDcloning seldom results in physical problems for animals解析 推理
37、判断题。根据最后一段 Supporters believe cloning provides hope of keeping these endangered animals alive before they die out.可以推断，运用克隆技术来挽救濒危动物是有希望的。答案 C39Whats the best title for this passage?AGreat advancement in cloning goatsBDifficulties in saving extinct animalsCPublic concerns about cloningDCloning broug
38、ht back an extinct species for a while解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，可知科学家们克隆了一只已经灭绝的比利牛斯野生山羊，但这只羊在出生不久就死了，故 D 项最适合作文章标题。答案 DBWe each have a unique genetic(基因的，遗传的) makeup. Every cell of your body has the same set of about 100,000 separate genes made of DNA.These are the instructions for producing a person. Genes de
39、cide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. You have one of several billion combinations of DNA which come from the random mixing of your parents genes. Except for identical twins(同卵双胞胎), no one has the same combination as another person. You are unique! You are unique
40、in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life. These experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.But are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? Scienti
41、sts are studying twins to find out. One set of twins occurs every 70 birthssome are identical and others are nonidentical twins. Identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. Nonidentical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.Some i
42、dentical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. With identical genes but a different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. For example, we know that eye problems, like shortsightedness, are mostly geneti
43、c.But resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. Genes also influence our eating habits. Identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount. Nonidentical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. Ide
44、ntical twins are also more likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than nonidentical twins.Scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. Some people are thrillseekers and get into risktaking and adventurous activities.They take up extreme spo
45、rts like bungee jumping and possibly take drugs. Scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.We could ask， “Are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing？” Scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍基因和生活经历对人的外貌、性格等的形成所起的作用。
