1、Unit 2 Cloning重要词汇重要词汇 相关提示pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 掌握 pay off 的多个含义cast down 沮丧；不愉快 注意 cast 及 cast down 的用法objection n不赞成；反对；异议 记住 objection 及动词 object 的用法，比如object 常与介词 to 连用obtain vt.获得；赢得 记住 obtain 与其近义词的区别forbid vt.禁止；不准 掌握 forbid 后接动名词和不定式的区别in favour of 赞成；支持 记住由 favour 构成的常用短语的用法owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情
2、等)；归功于 注意 owe 和 own 在拼写和意义上的不同retire vi.退休；离开 掌握 retire 及其形容词的用法bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n烦扰 注意 bother 的不同用法，比如 bother sb.with sth.(be) bound to (do).一定或注定( 做) 注意由 bound 构成的常用短语的用法strike vt.& vi.打；撞击；罢工 牢记 strike 的多种含义以及短语 strike.into ones heart 的用法from time to time 不时；偶尔 注意其同义词，如 sometimes，at times 等brin
3、g back to life 使复生；使复活 牢记由 bring 构成的相关短语vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的 掌握由 vain 构成的常用短语的用法resist vt.抵抗；对抗 注意 resist 后接名词或动词ing 形式作宾语的用法in good/poor condition 状况很好( 坏)；情况很好(坏) 记住该词组中没有冠词重点句型1Cloning scientists were cast down to find that.(Sb.be cast down to find that. 某人发现感到很沮丧。 )2On the other hand，Dollys appe
4、arance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.(On the other hand，. 另一方面；have a great impact on. 对 有重要的影响)3Is it in favour of cloning or against it？(Is it in favour of.or.？它是赞成还是？)4Dollys death，like her birth，was bound to raise worries.(Sth.is bound to
5、.某事注定)5All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.(if 引导条件状语从句)6I agree with.because. 我同意因为7Your argument has convinced me because. 你的论点令我信服，因为重点语法复习同位语和同位语从句。写作要求运用本单元所学的单词、短语、句型、语法和文体，学会描述一个话题讨论。模拟一场关于克隆的记者招待会，课后把招待会的内容整理成书面
6、材料，在班刊、级刊或校刊上发表。Section Warming Up，Prereading，Reading & Comprehending一、看下面的图片，回答下列问题1These animals have already been cloned by human beings.How are they different from other animals?_2Do you know any other animals that have been cloned by human beings?_3What do you think of cloning?First，_Second，_Th
7、ird，_Fourth，_二、将单词与对应的释义搭配起来A B 1cast ato get something you want2obtain bin all，completely3object cto throw4altogether dto be different from something in some way5differ eto disapprove of something三、阅读 CLONING：WHERE IS IT LEADING US？完成下列表格( 每空不止一词)Problems or dangers of cloning Advantages of cloning
8、The cloned animals may _1_ of older animals.Medical cloning could _5_ for serious degenerative (变质的 ) illnesses in humans.The cloned animals may _2_ than the donor animals.Cloning plants can _6_ of similar quality for sale._3_ may want to clone themselves. Cloning plants can be useful for research o
9、n _7_.There are _4_ to cloning human beings. Cloning can help save _8_.四、阅读 CLONING：WHERE IS IT LEADING US？回答下列问题1What are people cloning now?AThey are cloning books and machines.BThey are cloning humans and animals.CThey are cloning plants and science.DThey are cloning trees，crops，grass，flowers，etc
10、. ，as well as animals.2It can be inferred from the passage that a cloned animal_.Ausually lives as long as the original one Busually lives longer than the original oneCusually lives shorter than the original one Dis usually as healthy as the original one3What happened to Dolly the sheep?AShe is livi
11、ng healthily. BShe became ill and died at last.CHer child also died at the age of six. DAll the scientists were not sad about her death.4From the passage，we can see_.ADollys original sheep lived 13 yearsBDollys baby was also a cloned oneCnewspapers did not disclose cloning sheepDofficials never beca
12、me nervous about cloning sheep5We can use the skill of cloning to_.Abring about global peace Bcreate other famous scientistsCimprove the development of learning language Dcure some special diseases答案：一、1.They were cloned while other animals were born by their mothers.Each of them is a copy of anothe
13、r animal.2Answers will vary. 3.Answers will vary.二、1.c 2.a 3.e 4.b 5.d三、1.develop the illnesses 2.die younger 3.Evil leaders 4.moral objections 5.produce cures 6.produce plants 7.new plant species 8.endangered animals四、15 DCBAD1Think about how they differ.想想它们有什么不同。考点：differ vi .不同；相异He said I had c
14、opied her answer，but in fact，my answer differed from hers.他说我抄袭她的答案，但是事实上，我的答案和她的不同。People，however，differ in their opinions on this matter.然而，人们在这个问题上看法相异。You should pay more attention to uniting and working with those who differ with/from you about it.你应该更注意团结那些在这件事情上与你意见不同的人一道工作。归纳：A differs from
15、B A 与 B 不同A and B differ in. A 和 B 在 不同A differs with/from B on/about sth.关于某事 A 与 B 的看法不同be different from 与不同单项填空1)Tom _ his father _ character and some everyday habits.Adiffers in；from Bdiffers from；inCdifferent from；in Dis different；from2)Can you think of a situation in which the two _ from each
16、 other?Adiffers Bdiffer Cdifferent Ddifference3)The brothers look alike，but they differ widely _ each other _ their tastes.Afrom；in Bfrom；about Cin ；from Din；about2But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough the cloning of Dolly the sheep.但是决心和耐心
17、使科学家们最终于 1996 年收获了突破性的结果克隆羊“多莉”。考点：pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清Ten years of hard work finally paid off and he became a millionaire.十年的艰苦劳动终于有了结果，他成了百万富翁。They took a hell of risk and it paid off at last.他们冒了很大的风险，最终取得了成功。Five years later，Mr.Wang paid off the debts for his sons schooling.五年后，王先生还清了儿子上学的债务。pa
18、y off 还有“付清薪水予以解雇”的含义。如：Another ten workers have been paid off in the company.这家公司又有十名工人被结清工资解雇了。单项填空1) The house is finished at last.All their hard work has _.Apaid back Bpaid up Cpaid off Dpaid for2)At first，I thought the investment was a big risk，but it finally _.Aturned off Bpaid off Ctook off D
19、gave off词语替换3)His devotion to the country was_rewarded and he was regarded as the good example of children._4)Our plan finally succeeded_so it proved to be a great idea._3Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.研究克隆的科学家们发现多莉得的病更容易发
20、生在年老的羊身上，这让他们很沮丧。剖析：to find 是不定式短语作原因状语。They are pleased to see their friends.见到朋友，他们很高兴。考点：cast vt.(cast，cast) 扔；投；掷The boy cast a stone into the pond.那个男孩往池塘里扔了一颗石子。He cast me a look of doubt.他向我投以怀疑的目光。As soon as they reached the fishing area，the fishermen cast their nets into the sea.渔民们一到捕鱼区就把渔
21、网撒进了大海。cast down 沮丧；不愉快He was cast down by what his manager said.他的经理说的话使他沮丧。I was much cast down by the result of the experiment.我被实验的结果弄得很不愉快。cast down 还有“垂下” 的含义。As the drought has lasted for three months，the leaves are casting down.干旱持续了三个月，树叶都垂了下来。单项填空1)We were astonished _ the temple still in
22、its original condition.Afinding Bto find Cfind Dto be found完成句子2)She was much _(沮丧) when she heard that she was not accepted by the university.3)Standing timidly before the teacher，the girl _( 垂下 )her eyes.4On the other hand，Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on th
23、e media and public imagination.另一方面，多莉的出世引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了巨大的影响。考点一：on the other hand 另一方面On the one hand，a lot of people are going to the USA，but on the other hand，a lot of people are coming back from there.一方面，许多人打算去美国；另一方面，很多人又打算从那儿回来。归纳：on the one hand 常与 on the other hand 连用，意为“_”。含有 ha
24、nd 的常用短语：at hand 在手边，在近处，即将到来。如：He lives close at hand.他就住在附近。by hand 用手工。如：The letter was written by hand.这封信是手写的(即不是打印的 )。give/lend sb.a hand 帮某人一把。如：Its really heavycan you give/lend me a hand?这东西确实很重，你能帮我一下吗？考点二：objection n不赞成；反对；异议No objections were raised at the meeting.会上没有人提出异议。We have/take
25、objection to teaming up with them.我们不赞成和他们合作。He has a strong objection to smoking in public，especially with females present.他强烈反对在公共场合吸烟，尤其是有女性在场的情况下。object vi.反对；不赞成The students objected to studying on Sundays but their parents did not.学生们反对星期天上课，但是父母不反对。I object to the proposal.我不赞成这个提议。Do you obj
26、ect to it？你反对这件事情吗？归纳：object to 中的 to 是个_，常接_、_或_作宾语。考点三：have a great impact on.对有重要的影响Modern science has a great impact on the whole society.现代科学对整个社会有重要的影响。同义词：have a great effect on单项填空1)The majority of the people _ in favour of the plan.However，I _ the plan on the grounds that it is too expensiv
27、e.Awere；approved of Bwere；objected toCwas；prepared for Dwas ；longed for2)The impact of Einsteins breakthrough in the field of photoelectric effect _ the understanding of the universe was simply tremendous.Ain Bon Cwith Dabout3)Many people want to buy it because _，the price is reasonable and _，its ra
28、ther durable(耐用的 )Aat one side；at the other side Bnot only；alsoCon the one hand；on the other hand Din one part；in the other part5Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain t
29、heir ambitions.尽管目前用于克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，但报纸报道说，有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。剖析：过去分词短语 needed for cloning research 作定语修饰 human egg cells and embryos。如：Have you bought the novel recommended by the professor?你买了教授推荐的那本小说了吗？考点：obtain vt.获得；赢得My brother worked hard and obtained a scholarship.我的弟弟努力学习并获得了奖学金。Wh
30、at he has done obtains him respect.他的所作所为为他赢得了尊敬。归纳：obtain 可以接名词作宾语，也可以接_，构成 obtain sb.sth.。1)obtain 还可以表示“( 规则、制度、习俗等 )存在”“流行”“ 通行”。如：This custom still obtains in this town.这种习俗仍旧在这个城镇存在。Different laws obtain in different places.不同的法律通行于不同的地方。2)辨析 obtain， win，gain 和 earn：obtain 多用于正式文体，表示经过相当长的时间或很
31、大的努力，获得期望已久的东西。I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.我终于设法弄到了这个报告的复印件。win 表示赢得战争、比赛、奖励或尊敬等。Its certain that he will win the prize.他肯定会得奖。gain 侧重经过努力或有意识的行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。Many countries have gained national independence after prolonged struggles.许多国家经过长期的斗争而获得了民族独立。earn 侧重指通过自己的劳动或因付出代价
32、或有功而获得。If you grant my request，you will earn my thanks.如果你答应我的请求，就会获得我的感谢。单项填空1)Tsinghua University，_ in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.Afound Bfounding Cfounded Dto be founded2)The facts have been _ from thousands of students in their first year of university study by asking
33、such questions as these.Amade Bdiffered Cobtained Dshaved单词拼写3)The journalists immediately set out to _(获取)these important facts.4)What they did _(赢得)them love and respect of others.6Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning，but other countries like China and t
34、he UK，continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.有些(政府) 开始改革司法制度，禁止进行克隆人类的研究，但是其他的国家，如中国和英国，则仍在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供丰富的医疗救助的证据。考点一：forbid vt .(forbade/forbad；forbidden)禁止；不准Smoking should be forbidden in public places.公共场所应禁止吸烟。My parents forbid me to drink too m
35、uch.我的父母不准我喝太多酒。归纳：forbid 接_而不接动词不定式作宾语，但可以接动词不定式作_。1)forbid sb.(from)doing sth.禁止某人做某事Modesty forbade me(from)mentioning that my novel had been published.我不好意思说我的小说已经出版了。2)forbidden adj.被禁止的the Forbidden City 紫禁城3)同 forbid 一样接动词ing 形式不接动词不定式作宾语的动词还有suggest，advise，enjoy ，mind ，practise ，appreciate，d
36、eny，admit，avoid，consider ，excuse，allow，permit ，imagine，delay ，miss，risk 等。We suggest finishing the task ahead of time.我们建议提前完成工作。They are considering leaving early.他们正考虑着早点离开。考点二：accumulate vt. 积累；聚积He accumulated many books.他积累了许多书。They set to work accumulating a huge mass of data.他们开始累积大量数据。accumu
37、late vi.(数量)逐渐增加；(质量)渐渐提高The mans debts began to accumulate.那个人的债务开始增加。单项填空1)Clinical evidence began to _，suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.Aoperate Bstrengthen Capprove Daccumulate2)Bill suggested _ a meeting on
38、what to do for the 2012 Olympic Games during the vacation.Ahaving held Bto hold Cholding Dhold3)Most of the parents agree to _their children _ smoke.Aforbid；/ Bforbid；to Cforbid ；in Dforbid；of7Is it in favour of cloning or against it?它是赞成克隆行为还是反对克隆行为？考点：in favour of 赞成；支持There were 249 votes in favo
39、ur of the plan and 123 against.有 249 票赞成这个计划，123 票反对。Are you in favour of equal pay for equal work?你支持同工同酬吗？1)in favour of 还有“ 有利于” 的含义。The score was 4 to 1 in favour of the guest team.比分是 4 比 1，客队获胜。2)favour 的相关短语归纳do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙ask for a favour 请求帮忙in ones favour 对某人有利favour sb.with sth.帮某人
40、做某事单项填空1)When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster， many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.Ain terms of Bin need of Cin favor of Din praise of2)Would you please do me the _ to phone my sister about the accident?With pleasure.Apatience Bfavour Creaction Dbond汉译英3)
41、做母亲的不应过分偏爱某一个孩子。_4)我们都支持你的决定。_答案：1活学活用：1)B 2)B 3)A2活学活用：1)C 2)B 3)paid off 4)paid off3活学活用：1)B 2)cast down 3)cast down4考点一：一方面，另一方面考点二：介词 动词的ing 形式 名词 代词活学活用：1)B 2)B 3)C5考点：双宾语活学活用：1)C 2)C 3)obtain 4)win/obtain6考点一：动词的ing 形式 宾语补足语活学活用：1)D 2)C 3)B7活学活用：1)C 2)B3)A mother shouldnt show too much favour to one of her children.4)We are all in favour of your decision.
