1、高二英语同步精品 必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists 一、重点词汇考点 1 【教材原句】John Snow defeats “king cholera”.约翰.诺斯战胜了“霍乱王” 。defeat vt.战胜，打败；（使）受挫；n.失败；击败【例句研读】(1)They hoped to defeat the enemy at sea.他们希望在海上 _ 敌人。(1)击败(2)I never consider the possibility of defeat. 我从未考虑有 _ 的可能性.(2)失败【归纳拓展】defeat/beat的宾语都是某个人或某个集体 ( sb/
2、a team/ a class/ a school/ an army )。而 win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，宾语多是 game,match,race,election,prize.【即时巩固】(1)No difficulty could _ this brave man since he is so confident and capable.A.defeat B.attack C.win D.overcome(2)The local team _ the championship by _ all the other teams.【答案】(1)A句意：没有困难能够打败这个勇敢的人，因为
3、他是那么自信且有能力。A.defeat 打败，可接 sb作宾语，意为：战胜对手；B.attack 袭击，宾语为 sb或 sth；C.win 赢得，其宾语为 sth.意为：荣获或赢得某事物；D.overcome 克服，其宾语往往是“困难”等。(2)won; defeating/beating考点 2 【教材原句】John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛，因而成为照
4、料维多利亚女王的私人医生。attend v.照顾；护理；专心；注意 vt.出席；参加【例句研读】(1)There was no one to attend (to) him but Tina.除了缇娜，再无人 _ 他了。(1)照顾(2)Attend to your study and stop talking._ 学习，不要说话。(2)专心(3)Attend a meeting/ a lecture/ school_ 会议/ _ 讲座/ _ 学(3)参加; 听; 上【归纳拓展】attend (to) sb照料/关怀某人attend to sth处理/专心于某事辨析 join, attend,
5、join in, take part in易混词(组) 辨析 例句join 指加入某个组织或团体，如军队、团队、政党等 I decided to join the army.我决定去参军。资*源%库 attend 指参加会议或仪式，如参加婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上课、上学、听报告等join in 侧重指与某人一起做某事，结构为 join (sb) in sth.take part in 指参加一些大型的、正式的或有组织的活动，并起到重要作用I often attend meetings and sometimes I take part in/join in the discussion.我经常出席
6、会议，有时参加会议的讨论。【即时巩固】(1)When I got there, he was _ a wedding party.A.attending B.joining C.attending to D.joining in(2)Usually children are allowed to _ school when they are six years old.(3)The coach asked his assistant to _ to the large group of journalists waiting for him to announce his training p
7、lans.(4)When did your father _ the Party?(5)We cant wait to _ the game.(6)I didnt _ the meeting yesterday, or I would have _ the discussion.(7)Please _ us _our game.【答案】(1)A.句意：当我到那里的时候，他正在参加一场婚礼。attend“参加” ，常与表示“会议、仪式”等的词汇搭配。(2)attend (3)attend (4)join 资*源%库 (5)take part in/join in (6)attend;taken
8、part in/joined in (7)join in考点 3 【教材原句】But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接触；使体验【归纳拓展】exposeto使暴露于；使遭受；使冒险be exposed to暴露于；接触【例句研读】(1)Dont expose babies to strong sunlight.不要让婴儿_。(1)受到强烈阳光的照射(2)Wo
9、unds that are exposed to the air heal more quickly.伤口 _ 在空气中愈合得更快。(2)暴露(3)Potatoes turn green when exposed to light.马铃薯 _ 会变绿。(3)在光的照射下【即时巩固】(1)Children _ to difficult situations are better at handling those challenges.(2)_ to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin.(3)The water companie
10、s were instructed to keep the people from _ to the polluted water.【答案】(1)exposed 非谓语作定语 (2)Being exposed 非谓语作主语 (3)being exposed 非谓语作宾语考点 4 【教材原句】Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源，一步了解它的治疗方法。cure n.治愈；痊愈； v.治愈（某人） ；解决（问题）【例句研读】(1)There is still no cure for AIDS.仍没有 _ 艾滋病的方法。(
11、1)治愈 n.(2)Many people believe that prison isnt a cure for crime.许多人认为监禁并不是 _ 犯罪的良方。(2)治愈 n.(3)The doctor cured him of his illness.医生 _ 他的病。(3)治好了 v.【归纳拓展】a cure for治愈cure sb of sth治好某人的病辨析 cure与 treat易混词 辨析 搭配 一言辨异cure 强调“结果” ，即“治愈” cure sb of sthtreat 强调“过程” ，即“治疗” treat sb for sthThe doctor treate
12、d her headache with a new medicine, but didn t cure her.医生用一种新药为她治头疼，但没有把她治好。宾语结构为 sb of sth的常见动词有：warn sb of sth警告某人某事 rob sb of sth抢劫某人的某物 inform sb of sth通知某人某事 rid sb of sth使某人摆脱某事 cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病 convince sb of sth说服某人某事 cheat sb of sth欺骗某人某事 accuse sb of sth指控某人某事 remind sb of sth使某人想
13、起某事；提醒某人某事 suspect sb of sth 怀疑某人做过某事【即时巩固】(1)Your son is naughty.Eh, and in addition, he has got into some bad habits. I think I should cure him _ them.(2)They havent found a cure _ cancer.【答案】(1)of (2)for考点 5 【教材原句】The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.第一种看法时霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。suggest v.暗
14、示，表明；提议，建议【例句研读】(1)Her face suggests that shes bored.她的表情 _ 她厌烦了。(1)表明(2)I suggest going in my car.我 _ 坐我的车去。(2)建议(3)I suggest (that) we (should) go out to eat.我 _ 我们出去吃饭吧。(3)提议【归纳拓展】(1)注意 suggest的宾语从句既可以用虚拟语气，还可用陈述语气：suggest作“建议”讲时，其宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形” ；作“表明”讲时，其宾语从句用陈述语气。表示“建议、命令、要求”
15、的动词后面接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即（should）+ 动词原形，这类动词主要有：一个坚持：insist二道命令：order，command三条建议：suggest，advise，propose四点要求：demand，desire，request, require(2)suggest sth to sb/ suggest to sb sth表示“向某人建议某事 ”。suggest 不能接双宾语。类似不能接双宾语的动词还有：explain（解释） ，announce（通知，宣布） ，report（报告，报道）等。(3)建议（某人）做某事：suggest（ones/one）doing st
16、h【即时巩固】(1) Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested that she _ a medical examination. (S94)A. be, should have B. was, have C. should be, had D. was, has(2) I insist that a doctor _ immediately.(M88)A. has been sent for B. sends for C. will be sent for D. be sent for【答案】(1)
17、B (2)D考点 6 【教材原句】The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法时人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒带入体内。absorb v. 吸收；吸引，使专心，使全神贯注【例句研读】(1)The cream is easily absorbed into the skin.这种乳霜皮肤易 _ 。(1)吸收(2)The book absorbed her attention.这本书 _ 她的注意。(2)吸引了(3)Yuan Longping is abso
18、rbed in his research.袁隆平 _ 他的水稻研究。(3)专心于【归纳拓展】英语中表示“全神贯注于/专注于”的短语有：put ones heart into, focus/concentrate on, be lost in, be deep in, devote oneself to【即时巩固】(1)_(专注于)his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.【答案】(1)Absorbed in考点 7 【教材原句】John Snow suspected that the second theo
19、ry was correct but he needed evidence.约翰.斯诺认为第二种看法时正确的，但他需要证据。suspect v.认为；怀疑； n.嫌疑犯【归纳拓展】suspect sb to be怀疑某人suspect sb of (doing) sth怀疑某人（做过）某事suspect that怀疑【例句研读】(1)I suspect him to be a pickpocket.=I suspect that he is a pickpocket.我 _ 他是个扒手。(1)怀疑WWW(2)The drug is suspected of causing over 200 d
20、eaths.人们 _ 这种药物造成 200多人死亡。(2)怀疑(3)The police took that suspect to the police station.警察把那个 _ 逮到了警察局。(3)嫌疑犯【即时巩固】(1)The man, suspected _ having stolen the jewels of the shop, was missing last night.(2)如果发现了看起来像嫌疑犯的人，我直接的反应将是告诉警察。(2010 湖北高考)If I find someone who looks like the _, my immediate reaction
21、 will be to tell the police.【答案】(1)of (2)suspect考点 8 【教材原句】It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。blame vt.责备，谴责，把归咎于& n.过失；责备【归纳拓展】blame sb for (doing) sth因（做）某事责备某人blameon把归咎于 be to blame (for)（因）应受谴责， （因）应负责任（主动表被动）bear/ take the blame for 对负责put/ place/ lay the blame for sth on sb将某事归咎于某
22、人【例句研读】(1)She doesnt blame anyone for her fathers death.她没把她父亲的死 _ 任何人。(1)归罪于(2)The police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故 _ 危险驾驶。(2)归咎于(3)Which driver was to blame for the accident?哪个司机是此次事故的 _ ？(3)肇事者(4)If that happens, the coach will take the blame for it.如果发生那样的事，教练将 _ 。(4)对此
23、负责(5)They placed the blame on the doctor.他们将责任 _ 这个医生。(5)归于【即时巩固】(1)（2006 安徽高考）Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _.A.blamed B.blaming C.to blame D.to be blamed【答案】(1)C考查非谓语。句意：格林先生站起来为那个 16岁的男孩辩护，说他并不是应受责备的人。动词不定式短语 to blame作定语，修饰 the one,相当于 who was
24、 to blame,在此处用主动形式表示被动含义。考点 9 【教材原句】The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。instruct vt.命令；指示；教导【归纳拓展】instruct sb in sth教授某人某事instruct sb to do sth命令某人做某事as instructed按照指示instruction n.指示；命令（pl.）说明书；使用指南instructor n.教员，指导者 instruct
25、ive adj. 有益的；有教育意义的【例句研读】(1)She instructed me in the use of the computer.她 _ 我使用电脑。(1)教(2)He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.他 _ 我把东西送给顾客。(2)吩咐(3)She arrived at 10 as instructed.她 _ 10 点钟达到。(3)按照指示【即时巩固】(1)The college will need an additional teacher to _ the students in cooking.A.persuade
26、B.request C.instruct D.expect(2)Dr Williams _.（教我们植物学）(3)She attended the meeting _.（按照指示(4)_（遵照说明）on the packet carefully.【答案】(1)C句意：这所大学需要增加一名教员教授学生烹饪。A.persuade 说服；B.request 要求；C.instruct 教导；D.expect 期盼；instruct sb in sth 教授某人某事(2)instructs us in botany (3)as instructed (4)Follow the instructions
27、2、重点短语考点 1put forward 提出（意见、建议、观点等） ；提前；把（时钟）往前拨；推荐，提名【教材原句】Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？【例句研读】(1)He put forward a constructive suggestion.$来& 源： 他 _ 一条建设性的建议。(1)提出了(2)We have put the wedding forward by one week.我们已经把婚礼 _ 一周。(2)提前了(3)Remember to put your clocks forward tonight.
