1、Unit 4 Body languageSection Learning about Language一、用括号内单词的适当形式填空1Wang Baoqiang is thought to be a _(promise)actor.2_(stand)on the top of the mountain，I could see the whole city.3Not _(know)her telephone number，we couldnt get in touch with her.4_(face)with such a difficult problem，the boy didnt kno
2、w what to do.5I will never forget the _(smile)faces I have seen in the 2010 Shanghai Expo.二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1He often carefully watched the doctors in the _(operate)room.2_(return)from Boston，he found his hometown greatly changed.3Look out for cars while _(cross)the street.4_(notice)the house on fire，he
3、 dialed 119.5_(catch)in the rain，he was wet all over.6_(see)from the tower，the city looks just magnificent.7When _(ask) ，dont tell him I am in bad health.8Generally _(speak)，the level of the New York High School International Division is pretty high.三、读下列句子，说出其中动词ing 形式作的成分(定语、状语、宾语补足语、主语、表语、宾语)1Wit
4、h time going by，I came to know I was wrong._2Near the English coast ，long lines of fishing boats sail out to sea daily._3Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours._4The doctor advised taking more exercise._5Using atomic energy，we can build spaceships._6She went on board the train leaving for
5、Shanghai._7I found the parade quite interesting to watch._8Having no interest in the topic，he didnt go to the lecture._四、用ing 形式改写下列句子，注意其作定语或状语的用法范例：I saw the boy.He was running for the bus.I saw the boy running for the bus.If you drive so fast，you will damage the car.Driving so fast，you will damag
6、e the car.1The man is taking a walk on the playground.He is my uncle._2The plan is about planting trees in the garden.It is being discussed._3The girls are mending the clothes.They are from the nearby villages._4I stood on the top of the mountain.I found the houses below looked like tiny toys._5As I
7、 didnt know how to get there，I had to ask the way._6Because he hadnt heard from his friend，he decided to write another letter._7They tried their best to save the man.He is dying._答案：一、1.promising 2.Standing 3.knowing 4.Faced 5.smiling二、1.operating 2.Returning 3.crossing 4.Noticing 5Caught 6.Seen 7.a
8、sked 8.speaking三、1.宾语补足语 2.定语 3.主语 4.宾语 5.状语 6.定语 7.宾语补足语 8.状语四、1.The man taking a walk on the playground is my uncle.2The plan being discussed is about planting trees in the garden.3The girls mending the clothes are from the nearby villages.4Standing on the top of the mountain，I found the houses be
9、low looked like tiny toys.5Not knowing how to get there，I had to ask the way.6Not having heard from his friend，he decided to write another letter.7They tried their best to save the dying man.1Julie was at a crossroads.朱丽叶在十字路口。考点：crossroads n十字路口The accident took place at a crossroads .那次事故发生在一个十字路口
10、。Go on till you get to the crossroads .继续往前走，一直走到那个十字路口。crossroads 是个合成词，由 crossroads 合成。再如：crosswordcrossword 纵横填字游戏crosstalkcrosstalk 相声crossleggedcross legged 盘着腿单项填空1)A _ is a place where two roads meet and cross.Acrossroad Bcrossroads Ccrossingroad Dcrossingroads单句改错2)We went straight on till w
11、e reached the next crossroad._2Grammar：动词ing 形式作定语和状语本单元的语法项目是“动词的ing 形式作定语和状语”。对于动词ing 形式作定语的用法我们在上一单元中已经学习过了，现在我们主要来看一下动词ing 形式作状语的用法以及它与过去分词的区别。考点一：动词ing 形式作状语1)动词ing 形式(短语) 可以在句子中作状语来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，用来表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随情况。其基本句型是“动词ing 形式/过去分词短语，主语谓语其他句子成分”。2)现在分词的高考考点如下表：序号 内容 注意事项考点1动词ing 形式词
12、作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句动词ing 形式作原因状语时要特别注意现在分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作的时间关系。1)当动词ing 形式所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或近于同时发生时，要使用动词ing 形式的一般形式。如：Not knowing my cellphone number，they couldnt get in touch with me.由于不知道我的手机号码，他们无法跟我取得联系。2)当动词ing 形式所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生时，用完成式。如：The poor of the cities，having lived such a hard
13、 life，took up their arms.城市贫民由于过着那样艰苦的生活，所以他们都拿起了武器。考点2动词ing 形式短语作时间状 语，相当于when，while 所引导的从句动词ing 形式作时间状语时，可以转变为一个时间状语从句。动词-ing 形式的完成式作状语的情况经常出现，应注意动词 ing 形式所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作的时间关系。1)当动词ing 形式的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可以用动词ing 形式作状语，放在前面，译作 “当的时候”，此时它可以置换成“onv .ing”结构。能够用于这种用法的动词都是瞬间动词。如：look，hear，see，retur
14、n，open ，leave ，close 等。如：Hearing the news，they couldnt help jumping.On hearing the news， they couldnt help jumping.听到这个消息时，他们禁不住跳了起来。2)当动词ing 形式的动作正在进行时主句的动作发生了，此时可以用动词ing 形式短语作状语，译作 “当的时候”，但它前面一般加 when 或 while。如：When leaving the station，he waved again and again to me.离开车站的时候，他向我频频挥手。3)当动词ing 形式的动作完
15、成以后，主句的动作才发生时，用动词-ing 形式的完成形式作状语，放在句子前面，译作 “在之后”，此时它可以置换为“after动名词”这一结构。如：Having turned off the TV set，he began to go over his lessons. After turning off the TV set，he began to go over his lessons.关掉电视机以后，他便开始复习功课。考点3动词ing 形式作方式状语和伴随状语，说明动作发生的背景或情 况。当动词ing 形式的动作和主句的动作同时发生时，它可以转换成并列句。如：We explored th
16、e cave，Black acting as a guide.We explored the cave and Black acted as a guide.由布莱克作向导，我们探察了那个洞。(表伴随)考点4动词ing 形式短语用作结果状语动词ing 形式作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种自然的结果。如：The heavy snow lasted a week，resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole city.大雪下了一个星期，造成整个城市交通混乱。3)动词ing 形式短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。
17、4)一般来说，如果动词ing 形式表示的动作和谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生，则动词ing 形式短语放在句首；如果动词ing 形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，则动词ing 形式放在句子的后面。考点二：动词ing 形式与过去分词用法的不同动词ing 形式和过去分词都是高考的宠儿，因此分清动词ing 形式与过去分词的区别是决定用哪种分词形式的重要依据。下面我们看看这两种分词形式的区别：1)语态不同：动词ing 形式表示主动概念，与相关的名词或代词之间构成一种“主谓关系”。而过去分词表示被动概念，与相关的名词或代词构成一种“动宾关系”。如：a moving
18、film 动人的电影 a moved girl 受感动的姑娘 a running machine 一台转动的机器a stolen car 一辆被盗的汽车注：这里说的与动词ing 形式或过去分词相关的名词、代词要依分词在句中担当成分的不同而不同。如：分词若在句中充当定语，那么被它所修饰的词就是与其“相关词”；要是分词作宾语补足语，那么宾语就是“相关词”；分词若在句中充当表语或状语，那么句子的主语就是分词的“ 相关词” 。2)时间关系上不同：动词ing 形式表示“正在进行的动作” ，或是表示一个“在现在或过去一段时间内经常化的动作”；过去分词往往表示“已完成的动作”或是“在以前某个未知时间发生的动
19、作” 。如：a developing country 发展中国家a developed country 发达国家I dont like canned food.I prefer something fresh.我不喜欢吃罐装食品，我爱吃新鲜的。Hearing he won the first place finally，we all jumped with joy.听到他最后获得了第一名，我们都高兴得跳了起来。选择适当的词语填空1)developing，developed China belongs to _ countries.China has no time to lose to cat
20、ch up with the _ countries in the world.2)interesting，interested All of the girls are _ in music.The story is very much _.3)opening，opened Mother heard the door _.Mother heard her kid _ the door.4)singing，sung I heard my brother _ in the next room.I heard the song _in English.5)exciting，excited The
21、news is really _.He got very _ when he heard that she won the gold medal for China.单项填空6) On receiving a phone call from his wife _ she had a fall，Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.Asays Bsaid Csaying Dto say7)_ an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.
22、AOffer BOffering COffered DTo offer8)The lady walked around the shops，_ an eye out for bargains.Akeep Bkept Ckeeping Dto keep9) _ from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.ASeen BSeeing CHaving seen DTo see10)The lawyer listened with full attention，_ to miss any point.Anot trying Btrying not Cto try not Dnot to try答案：1活学活用：1)B 2)crossroadcrossroads2活学活用：1)developing； developed 2)interested；interesting 3)opened；opening 4)singing；sung 5)exciting； excited 6)C 7)C 8)C 9)A 10)B
