1、三、语法解读v.-ing 作定语与宾补1.v.-ing 作定语v.-ing 形式作定语表示名词的属性或事物的用途。当 v.-ing 单独作定语时,放在所修饰的名词前；如果是 v.-ing 短语作定语放在名词后。如:No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准大声说话。 There is a swimming pool in our school.我们学校有一个游泳池。 The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。注意：
2、现在分词、不定式和过去分词作定语时的区别:(1)不定式作定语表示动作尚未发生,与所修饰名词构成动宾关系。若不定式逻辑主语同时也为句子主语,用主动表被动,反之用被动。如:Im leaving for Shanghai.Do you have anything to be taken there?我准备去上海,你有什么要捎的吗？(2)现在分词作定语表动作正在进行或习惯性经常性动作；过去分词作定语表动作完成,与所修饰名词构成动宾关系。如:Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。2.v.-ing 作宾语补足语v
3、.-ing 常用于以下两类动词后构成宾语补足语:A.表示感觉和状态的动词:see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,notice,look at,listen to 等；B.表示“ 指使” 等意义的动词:have,set,keep,get,catch,leave 等。如 :Can you smell anything burning?你闻到什么东西烧焦的气味了吗？I heard Mr Smith singing in the next door.我听到史密斯先生在隔壁唱歌。She felt someone patting me on the shoulder.我感到有人拍了
4、拍我的肩膀。We wont have you doing that.我不允许你这么做。Im sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起,让你久等了。注意：v. -ing 不定式和过去分词作宾语补足语时的区别:v.-ing 作宾补时,表示正在进行或持续的状态或经常发生的主动状态；不定式作宾补表示从开始到结束的全部过程；过去分词作宾补,表示已发生了的被动状态或经常发生的被动状态。如:I saw him opening the window.我看见他正在开窗户。I saw him open the window.我看见他打开了窗户。I saw the window open
5、ed.我看见窗户打开了。选译(1)The bell_the end of the period rang,_our heated discussion.A.indicating;interrupting B.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interrupted D.indicated;interrupted解析:第一个空作定语修饰 bell,与 bell 是主动关系,用现在分词 indicating；第二个空作结果状语,interrupt 与主语 bell 也是主动关系 ,所以要用现在分词形式。答案:A(2)When I returned to my h
6、ometown,I found it _completely.A.have changedB.has changedC.changedD.changing解析:句意是:当我回到我的家乡时,发现已是面貌全新。changed 是过去分词,在此句中表示已完成的动作,与 completely 一致。答案:C(3)When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door,_ “Sorry to miss you；I will call later.”A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading解析:用现在分词形式 readin
7、g 作后置定语,修饰前面的 message。答案:D(4)The joke told by Tom made us_,so our maths teacher couldnt make himself _.A.laugh;hearingB.laugh;heardC.laughing;hearD.laughed;to be heard解析:句意：汤姆讲的笑话使我们都笑了,所以数学老师的讲课我们听不到了。第一个空用不带 to 的不定式作宾补;第二个空用过去分词 heard 表示被动关系。答案:B(5)The manager discussed the plan that they would li
8、ke to see_ the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out解析:这句话的核心句式是:see the plan carried out 看到这个计划被实行。 carry out 与 plan之间是被动关系。答案:C(6)They are going to have the service man _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A.install B.to installC.to be installed D.installed解析:have s
9、b. do sth.让某人做某事。答案:A课文浓缩下面的一段文章为原文的浓缩,仔细阅读,根据原文章内容将其补充完整,并尽量背诵。Some humour can be_,but some people enjoy them _,because they are _that someone else is _.But some humour does make us think deeply at the same time of being _.Charlie Chaplin is such an actor.He was popular with all the world for his _
10、form of humourous acting.In his film The Little Tramp,he played the main character who was poor and _,and wore large trousers,_shoes and a small round black hat,and carried a walking stick._as the character was in life,but he won the love of audience for his determination in_difficulties and _to oth
11、ers.In his another film _,Chaplin successfully made a sad situation _ by eating a _shoe.As a forever Humour Master,Charlie Chaplin will always be remembered by us.答案:cruel;at times;content;worse off;entertained;particular;homeless;worn-out;Failure;overc-oming;kindness;The Gold Rush;entertaining;boiled
