1、Unit 4 Body language重要词汇重要词汇 相关提示represent vt. 代表；象征 记住 represent 不用于被动结构的用法curious adj. 好奇的 掌握 be curious about sth，be curious to do sth 的用法approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近n. 接近；方法；途径掌握 approach 作动词和名词时的用法defend vt.保护；保卫 掌握 defend 和 protect 的不同用法major adj.主要的掌握 major 的主要用法，比如 major 常和介词 in 连用；并记住 major，ch
2、ief，main 和primary 的不同用法be likely to 很可能；有希望掌握 be likely to 的用法；并注意 alike，like 与 likely 的区别in general 总的来说；通常 掌握 in general 的用法以及含 general 的常用短语at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 了解 at ease 及 ill at ease，with ease 的用法lose face 丢脸 掌握 lose face 以及含 face 的常用短语turn ones back to 背对 掌握 turn ones back to 以及含 back 的常用短语重点句型
3、1 She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if in defence.动词ing 形式短语作伴随状语2 Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.Not all.并非所有的Nor are.也不是这样。3 It is possible to “read” others around us，even i
4、f they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.even if 引导让步状语从句4 There are unhappy smiles，such as when someone “loses face” and smiles to hide it.such as.比如5 Youll be fined.你将被罚款 6 He is supposed to.他应该 重点语法掌握动词ing 形式作定语和状语的基本用法。写作要求运用本单元的单词和短语，写一封对他人表示关心的信件。Section Warming Up，Pre
5、reading ，Reading & Comprehending一、请看下面的图片，试着把图片和表示表情的英语单词连起来1 joy _2 surprise _3 anger _4 sadness _5 fear _6 pride _二、看下面的手势，试着写出它们所代表的含义1 A stands for “_”2 B stands for “_”3 C stands for “_”4 D stands for “_”三、将下列单词或短语与相对应的释义搭配起来A B1 represent apossible，probable2 in general bto move nearer3 likely
6、cofficially to do something for another person or group 4 approach dto do something to protect somebody or something 5 defend eusually or in most situations 四、从文中找出并翻译下列短语 1 communicate with _2保卫以免受 _3 Beijing University _4很可能；有希望 _5 half an hour of waiting _6总的来说；通常 _7 put up ones hands _8认识；逐渐了解 _
7、 9 shake hands _五、阅读课文 COMMUNICATION：NO PROBLEM？，回答下列问题1 Why did the writer go to the airport?ATo take an airplane to study in a foreign country.BTo meet his parents from a foreign country.C To meet some international students.DTo help the workers.2 When the writer and another student arrived at the
8、 airport，_.Athe people they wanted to meet didnt arrive Bthe people they wanted to meet had already been waiting there C the plane was taking offDthe people they wanted to see off had left3 Why did Tony approach Julia，touch her shoulder and kiss her on the cheek?ABecause he wanted to hurt her.BBecau
9、se he wanted to greet her.C Because he loved her.DBecause he wanted to play a joke on her.4 From the passage we know，most international students greet others by _.Ashaking hands Bbowing Ckissing Dtouching shoulders5 It can be learned that _.Aonly Chinese students can study in Beijing University Bwe
10、should do as the Romans do when we are in RomeC only Chinese customs are the most important Dnot knowing foreign customs may cause a cultural mistake 答案：一、1.D 2.A 3.F 4.C 5.B 6.E二、1.OK 2.Pause 3.Stop talking/Be silent 4.Very good/Well done三、1.c 2.e 3.a 4.b 5.d四、1.与交流 2.defend against 3.北京大学 4.be lik
11、ely to. 5. 半小时的等待 6.in general 7.举手 8get to know 9.握手五、15 CABAD1 Yesterday， another student and I，representing our universitys student association，went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students.昨天，我和另一个同学代表我们学校的学生会去首都国际机场迎接今年的国际学生。剖析：1)本句是一个简单句，其中的 representing o
12、ur universitys student association 为动词ing 形式短语作伴随状语。动词 ing 形式作伴随状语时，要与该句的主语存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系。如：I argued，pointing to a very large belly of mine， “I am married.I am having a baby.”我指着我的大肚子争辩说：“我结婚了。我快要生小孩了 ”2)不定式短语 to meet this years international students 在句中作目的状语。在非谓语动词中，只有动词不定式可以作目的状语，动词ing 形式、过去分词
13、等都不具备这一功能。如：For many centuries，people used windmills to grind wheat into flour.许多世纪以来，人们利用风车把小麦磨成面粉。考点：represent vt. 代表；象征The competition attracted over 800 players representing 60 countries.这次比赛吸引了代表 60 个国家的 800 多名运动员(参加)。The bald eagle represents the United States.秃鹰是美国的象征。1)represent 的其他含义：The ma
14、n represented himself as an expert.那个人自称是专家。归纳：represent oneself as.的含义是 “_”。Who represents the hero in the film?谁在这部电影中扮演那个英雄？归纳：本句中的 represent 的含义是：_He represented his father as being brave and determined.他把他的父亲描绘得勇敢坚定。归纳：本句中的 represent 的含义是：_2)派生词：representation n. 代表；表现；表现 的事物representative n. 代
15、表 adj. 有代表性的3)同义词( 组)：stand for，symbolize单项填空1) As we all know，the dove and the olive branch _ peace.Apresent Bmark Creplace Drepresent2)Simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly.Akeep Bkept Ckeeping Dto keep3)She has a strong belief that she will _ her country to take par
16、t in the Olympic Games.Apresent Bpreserve Crepresent Ddirect2 After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive，I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.在等了半个小时之后，我看见几个年轻人走进了等候区，好奇地向四周张望。考点：curiously adv. 好奇地The people looked at the strange boy curiously.人们好奇
17、地看着这个奇怪的男孩。1)curiously 的形容词是 curious。词组 be curious about“对充满好奇”。如：She was unbearably curious about other peoples business.她对别人的事很好奇，实在叫人受不了。2)be curious不定式，如：I was curious to know more about the 2012 Olympic Games.我很想了解 2012 年奥运会更多的事情。归纳：be curious to do sth 的含义是“很想做某事” 。3)curiosity n好奇，好奇心，求知欲out o
18、f curiosity 出于好奇in/with curiosity 好奇地用 curious 的适当形式填空1)His fathers answers cant satisfy his _.2)The girl looked at the animal _.3)Im _ what he will do with it.单项填空4)Students are warned of not being too _ about things they are not supposed to know.Astrange Bcurious Cconscious Damusing5)People have a
19、lways been curious _ how living things on the earth exactly began.Ain Bat Cof Dabout3 Tony approached Julia，touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，亲了亲她的脸！考点：approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近It is not allowed to approach the forbidden area.禁区是不允许接近的。As winter approached ，the weather
20、became colder.由于冬天快要到了，天气变得更冷了。He cautiously approached the house.他小心地走近那座房子。 归纳：approach 既可以指在_ 上接近，也可以指在_上接近。1)approach 作动词还有“ 处理(问题、任务等)”的含义。如：We should know how to approach the problem we are faced with.我们应该知道如何处理我们面临的这个问题。2)approach n接近；方法；途径He was warned of the approach of the enemy.他被警告敌人接近了。
21、He has already thought of a new approach to the difficulty.他已经想出了一个解决困难的新方法。There is no easy approach to maths.在学数学方面没有容易的方法。The approach to the house was a narrow path.到达这座房子的是一条窄窄的小路。归纳：approach 作名词“接近，走近 ”讲时，为_名词，有时可加定冠词。approach 作“ 方法；途径” 讲时，为_名词。approach 常和介词_连用。3)make approaches to sb 想法接近某人/
22、认识某人单项填空1)In some cases，different approaches _ the same scientific problem lead to conflicting theories.Ato Bin Cof Dfor2) At the meeting，the professor presented a new _ to foreign languages.Away Bapproach Cmethod Dmeans3)A proper approach to _ your learning efficiently(有效地)is of great importance to
23、 every student.Aimproving Bimprove Cbe improving Dhaving improved4 She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if in defence.她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。剖析：1)动词ing 形式短语 appearing surprised 在句子中作伴随状语。2)as if 引导方式状语。本句中的 as if in defence 是一种省略，补充完整后为：as if she was in defence。考点：defenc
24、e n防御；保卫Offence is the best defence .进攻是最好的防御。He gave his life in defence of his country.他为保卫祖国献出了自己的生命。归纳：in defence of 的含义是“保卫”。defence 作“防御，保卫” 讲时是一个_名词。1)defence 还可以指“防御物，防御工事”，此时是一个可数名词。The country put up a strong defence against the enemys invasion.为了抵抗敌人的侵略，这个国家布置了坚固的防御工事。2)defend vt.保护；保卫 We
25、 shall defend our city，whatever the cost may be.不管代价如何，我们要保卫我们的城市。We must defend our country against/from enemies.我们必须抗敌卫国。归纳：defend against/from 保护 使不受( 伤害)3)派生词：defensive adj.防御性的，防守的4)defend，protect，guard 的不同用法：defend 强调现实的危险，指以武力或其他保护措施来“ 捍卫”“ 防守” 或“保卫” 国家、权利、城市、边疆、工厂等。也可指采取行动或措施来“ 保护” 某人不受指责、惩罚
26、或不友好的批评。还可指为某人或某事“辩护”。如：He defended me from that drunken man.他保护我免受那个醉汉伤害。Defend ones rights.保护自己的权利。protect 是三个动词中最普通的一个用语，指用遮蔽或其他保护物“保护” 某人或某物不受伤害。不但可以防御现实的危险、危害、诱惑等，也可表示在某物上装上防护或保险装置以避免伤害。如：His head was protected by a helmet.他戴着头盔保护头部。guard 指非常小心地和十分警惕地“保卫”“ 守卫”或“防御”，以使某人或某物不遭危险、攻击等；也可指谨慎地给某物装上防护
27、装置，以“防止”或“ 预防” 发生火灾、事故、出错、生病等。如：The entrance to the building is well guarded.该大楼的入口处戒备森严。单项填空1)It was amazing that the army _ its homeland against all enemies.Adefended Bdefeated Cpreserved Dprevented2) Jack wasnt saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him _ he had done something very clever.Aas
28、if Bin case Cwhile Dthough5 I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.我猜想这里可能有个很大的误会。考点：major adj. 主要的 The major portion of the population live in the east of the country.大多数人口居住在这个国家的东部。Diligence plays a major part in our study.勤奋在我们的学习中起主要作用。注意：major 和它的反义词 minor(较小的，次要的)都没有比较级，不能
29、与 than 连用，通常作定语。1)major 也可用作动词，含义是“主修” ，常与介词 in 连用。She majors in English.她主修英语。2)major 作名词表示 “主修课程 ”“主修的学生”。He planned to take chemistry as his major.他计划把化学作为他的主修课程。I am a history major.我是一个主修历史的学生。3)派生词：majority n多数；大多数4)major，chief，main 和 primary 的不同用法：major 表示“较大的，较重要的，主要的”。chief 表示具有最高权威的一个人，用比喻
30、意义时含有最大重要性或最大价值的意义。main 表示在范围、尺寸或重要性上超过其他的事物。primary 的含义是“首要的，基础性的，根本的”，强调在起源、结果或者发展的意义上是第一位的。如：My father is the chief conductor.我的父亲是列车长。He is the main character in this story.他是这个故事中的主要人物。Your safety is my primary concern.你的安全是我最关心的事情。单项填空1)The new research team was led by the _engineer.Amain Bmaj
31、or Cchief Dprimary英汉互译2)这项工作的大部分已经完成。_3)Her major is history._6 They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek，since that is the French custom when adults meet people they know.两个人握了握手，并且在对方的面颊上吻了两下，通常，法国成年人见到熟人就是这么做的。剖析：1)since 引导的从句为原因状语从句。注意：since 表示原因时，和because，for，as 的不同：易混词 辨析
32、 例句since 语气次于 because，有“ 既然如此”的意思，强调显而易见。Since you are here，youd better listen carefully.既然你在这儿，最好仔细听。as 语气较弱，含义同 since。 I went to bed early，as I was exhausted.我睡得早，因为我精疲力竭了。because语气最强，有强烈的因果关系，对 why 提问的典型答语，置于主句前后均可。可用于强调句型。Hes called “Ginger” because he has bright ginger hair.他长着一头姜黄色的头发，因而被人叫做“黄
33、毛”。for表示解释说明的理由。语气弱，常用逗号或分号隔开。为并列连词，因此用于两个分句中间。We cant go，for it is raining.我们不能走，因为正在下雨。2)when 引导的是时间状语从句。3)they know 为定语从句，修饰先行词 people。引导词 whom/that 被省略。单项填空1)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif2)The days are gone _ ph
34、ysical strength was all you needed to make a living.Awhen Bthat Cwhere Dwhich7 Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下的人们互相问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距离的程度也不一样。剖析：1)Not all cultures greet each other the same way.
35、是部分否定。当 all，both ， everything，everyone，everybody 等与 not 连用时，构成部分否定；如表示全部否定，则借助于 none，nothing，nobody 或 neither 等来表达。如：Not everyone agreed with you.(部分否定)并非每一个人都同意你的话。Nobody agreed with you.(全部否定)没有人同意你的话。2)nor are they.是倒装句，表示否定意义的状语或表语等位于句首时，句子通常采用倒装结构。此类的词或词组还有 never，not，seldom，neither，hardly，not u
36、ntil，not only，at no time 等。Not until all the trapped miners were saved did the rescuers stop their work.直到所有被困的矿工得救，救援人员才停止了工作。单项填空1)Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him.Adid he begin Bhad he begun Che began Dhe had begun2)We laugh at jokes，but seldom _ about how
37、 they work.Awe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think8 However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.不过，来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能会(用身体 )接触对方。考点：be likely to 很可能；有希望Which city is likely to host the 2018 Asi
38、an Games?哪个城市很有可能举办 2018 年亚运会？The Chinese pingpong team is likely to win the game.中国乒乓球队有希望赢得这场比赛。归纳：be likely to 后接动词原形，即 be likely to do sth，含义是 “很可能做某事，有希望做某事”。1)be likelythat 从句。如：Its high likely that hell succeed.他极有可能成功。2)形容词 likely 与 alike，like 的区别：likely 后常接动词不定式，在句中作表语或定语，表示“有可能的，有希望的”。alik
39、e 作形容词时，常作表语，表示 “相像的”。like 作定语时表示“相似的，类似的” 。3)likely，possible 都可意为“可能的” ，但用法不同：likely 既可以用人作主语，也可以用物或 it 作主语。 possible 一般不用人作主语。单项填空1)You are _ to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.Alikely Bpossible Cprobable Dperhaps2)Nowadays，within a short walk along a busy street，you are _ to find a cha
40、in store _a fastfood restaurant，a bakery，or a supermarket.Aprobable；some kinds Blikely；of some kindC possible；some kind of Dunlikely ；some kind of翻译句子3)汤姆很可能错过校车。_9 In general，though，studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads!但总的来说，在当今
41、文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中的困难。剖析：本句中的动词ing 形式短语 studying international customs 作主语。动词ing 形式短语作主语时，其谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。考点：in general 总的来说；通常 In general ，her work has been good，but this article is terrible.总的来说，她的作品不错，但这篇文章太糟糕了。Her English pronunciation is not so bad in general .她的英语发音一般来说是不错的。Women li
42、ve longer than men in general .女性通常比男性长寿。general 常见用法归纳：general knowledge 常识，一般知识as a general rule 一般来说，通常generally speaking 一般说来general manager 总经理 如：This examination will test your general knowledge.这次考试将检测你们的常识。As a general rule，our school doesnt accept such students.一般来说，我们学校不接受这样的学生。Generally speaking，an English dictionary starts with the letter A.一般来说，一部英文词典是从字母 A 开始的。Who is your general manager?谁是你们的总经理？单项填空1)If you warn me _，Ill have your order ready for you.
