1、Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the starsSection Using Language，Summing Up & Learning Tip一、将单词与相对应的释义搭配起来A B 1spaceship ato shout as a way of showing happiness, praise, encouragement，etc.2pull ba small room on a ship where you live or sleep3cheer cto use your hands to make sth or sb move towards you
2、4cabin da vehicle for carrying people through space二、短语互译A温故：从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思。1rise into air _2get close to _3come on _4enjoy oneself_B知新：从文中找出与下列释义对应的英文。1感到高兴；感到振奋 _2既然 _3突发；爆发 _4密切注视；当心；提防_三、补全对话A：_1_B: Yes. A: Can you tell me what the sentence means in this passage?B：_2_A：_3_B: No, because I f
3、ell down while playing football and hurt my leg. Then I was sent to hospital.A：_4_B: Much better. Thank you!A: Sit down, please._5_B Thank you!A. Didnt you attend my lesson yesterday？B. And listen carefully to others.C. Oh， my God. How are you now？D. Stand up， please， Chen Yang.E. Sorry， I cant.四、阅读
4、 Using Language 中的短文 A VISIT TO THE MOON，判断正(T)误(F)1The author made his first trip to the moon.2While the rocket tried to escape the pull of the earths gravity，the author and his friend were talking happily.3The spaceship didnt fall back to the earth because it was too far from the moon.4When a pers
5、on is on the moon，he is lighter than he is on the earth.5The author wants to explore other natural satellites like the moon.答案：一、1.d 2.c 3.a 4.b二、A.1.升空 2.接近 3.快；加油 4.玩得愉快B1.cheer up 2.now that 3.break out 4.watch out三、1.D 2.E 3.A 4.C 5.B四、1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F1As the rocket rose into the air，we were
6、pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。剖析：1)as the rocket rose into the air 是时间状语从句。2)because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity 是原因状语从句。考点：pull n& vt. 拉( 力)；拖；牵引力 He felt a slight pull at his
7、coat.他感觉上衣被轻拉了一下。He gave a strong pull at the rope.他用力拉了拉绳子。The moons pull affects the tide on the earth.月亮的引力影响地球上的潮汐。She pulled his sleeve to get his attention.她拉拉他的袖子以引起他的注意。归纳：give a pull at sth 的含义是“拉”。1)反义词：push vt.推He pushed open the librarys door.他推开了图书馆的门。2)pull 还有“穿上或脱下衣服、鞋袜”等的含义，如：pull on
8、 表示“匆忙穿上” ；pull off 表示“匆忙脱下” 。 He pulled on his coat and left quickly.他匆忙穿上外套迅速离开了。They pulled off their stockings.他们匆忙脱下长袜。3)pull 重点词组归纳：pull through 渡过难关；恢复健康pull away 脱身；离开pull in (out) 进站；靠岸 (出站；离岸 )pull down 摧毁；推翻；拆除pull up 停下；拔起The doctor is sure that he will pull through.医生确信他将恢复健康。She tried
9、to pull away from the man.她试图挣脱开那个男子。Has the train pulled in (out)？火车进(出) 站了吗？The old house was pulled down.那座老房子被拆了。The car pulled up outside the inn.汽车在小酒馆外面停下了。单项填空1)(2011辽宁沈阳竞赛 )He was _ down by a car and was sent to hospital in a hurry.Apulled BputCknocked Dmade2)(2011江西南昌期中 )What did you do wh
10、en you saw the girl _ in the flood?I did what I could _.Astruggling；to pull her up Bstruggle ；pull her upCstruggling ； to pull up her Dstruggle；pull up her翻译句子3)使我惊讶的是，他们正在拆我的房子。_4)当我到达那儿时，火车已经驶出了车站。_2I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth
11、become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的) 地球越来越小，而(前方的 )月球越来越大。剖析：watching the earth become smaller.在句中作伴随状语。现在分词作伴随状语的注意点：现在分词作伴随状语时，与主句的主语存在主动关系，即主句的主语是现在分词的逻辑主语。现在分词所表示的动作通常与主句的谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。The people are sitting on the sofa，listening to the news about the star.人们坐在沙发上，
12、倾听着关于那位明星的新闻。考点：cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋The good news that Sun Yang won the mens 800 freestyle at the 2011 FINA World Championships in Shanghai cheered us up.孙杨在 2011 年上海游泳世锦赛上获得男子 800 米自由泳冠军的好消息让我们很高兴。The support of the students cheered up the losing game and they played harder and won.学生们的支持使这个处于劣势的队伍感到
13、振奋，他们努力拼搏，最后赢得了胜利。I cheered up at the good news.听到这个好消息，我的精神马上振奋起来。Cheer up！Things are not so bad as they seem.振作起来！情况并不像看上去那样糟。归纳：cheer up 既是_动词短语，也是_动词短语，接代词作宾语时，要把代词放在中间。cheer on 为鼓气，向喝彩As the football match was in progress，we kept cheering on both teams.足球赛进行时，我们不断地为双方加油。单项填空1)(2011全国卷 )Sarah pr
14、etended to be cheerful，_ nothing about the argument.Asays Bsaid Cto say Dsaying2)(2011山西大同期中 )_，dear！Things wont be as bad as you think.There certainly will be chances for you.AHurry up BLook up CCheer up DMake up3)(2011江西分宜期中 )Im thinking about the test tomorrow.Im afraid I cant pass it this time._
15、！Im sure you will make it.AGo ahead BGood luck CNo problem DCheer up4)All the people _ at the good news that our country has successfully launched a manned satellite.Acheered up Bcheered on Clost heart Dlost their hearts3 “Oh，dear， ” I cried， “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has
16、 changed.”“天哪， ”我大声说， “重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。 ”剖析：句子中的 does 起加强语气的作用。如：He does get up early every day.他的确每天起床很早。考点：now that 既然Now that the rain has stopped，you can go.既然雨停了，你们可以走了。You should act now (that)you have expressed your determination.既然你表示了决心，就应该行动起来。归纳：now that 引导_从句，在口语中常把 that 省略。1)引导原因状语从
17、句的连词：now that，since ，because ，for，as，considering(that)，in that 等。2)引出原因状语的短语：due to，thanks to，because of，as a result of，owing to，on account of 等。单项填空1)(2011宁夏银川期中 )_ the kids have left home，weve got a lot of extra space.AAs soon as BWhile CNow that DBefore2)Each time I wait for a bus I always take s
18、omething to read _ I have to wait.Anow that Bso that Cin case Deven if3)_ they have computers，it becomes easier for them to solve the problem.AAlthough BFor CNow that DWhen翻译句子4)既然大家都到了，我们就出发吧。_4We watched，amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地
19、看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。break out 突发；爆发It was almost midnight yesterday that a fire broke out in the neighborhood.昨天快半夜了这附近突然发生了火灾。When the war broke out，the old man was still living in Libya.战争爆发时，那位老人仍住在利比亚。归纳：break out 常指_ 等突然爆发。1)break out in 突然布满，突然流露出( 强烈的感情)。如：The boy was so frightened that
20、he broke out in a cold sweat.那个男孩吓得出了一身冷汗。2)break 重点短语归纳：break down(机器、车辆等 )坏了；(计划等)失败；( 身体)垮了；分解break in 强行进入；插嘴break through 突破，打通；取得重大成果break up 散( 会)；停课放假；分开，分散I cant have you breaking down in health.我不能让你的身体垮了。The secretary broke in to say the guests had arrived.秘书插嘴说客人们已经到了。He hopes to break t
21、hrough soon in his experiment.他希望不久能在他的实验上取得重大成果。The students will break up next week.学生们将在下周停课放假。单项填空1)(2011江西卷 )You cant predict everything.Often things dont _ as you expect.Arun out Bbreak outCwork out Dput out2)(2011山西临汾期末 )The car _ on half way so we had to walk to school.Abroke up Bbroke outCb
22、roke off Dbroke down3)(2011黑龙江拜泉期末 )You will _ sooner or later if you keep working like that.Abreak off Bbreak downCbreak into Dbreak out4)(2011福建福州期中 )Once fighting_ between the two villages and many people were killed.Abroke out Bwas broken outChad broken out Dhad been broken out用含 break 的短语填空5)A
23、serious drought(干旱) _ _ in the southeastern countries of Asia.6)When did you _ _ with your boyfriend?7)Peaceful talks between the two sides have _ _.5watch out 密切注视；当心；提防Watch out that you dont get her into trouble.当心，别让她碰到麻烦。You should watch out for John，who often makes fun of others.你应该提防约翰，他经常取笑别
24、人。归纳：watch out 常与介词_连用，表示“ 当心”。1)同义短语：look out，take care，be careful 2)watch 短语归纳：watch ones step 小心；谨慎行事watch over 照管；监督；保护The teacher advised Jim to watch his step.老师建议吉姆谨慎行事。I am your best friend，and I will always watch over you.我是你最好的朋友，我将一直照顾你。单项填空1)(2011陕西西安月考 )The farmers use specially trained
25、 dogs to _ their sheep at night.Awatch Bwatch overCwatch out Dwatch for2)(2011湖南长沙期中 )_ the steps here.AWatch out BWatch out forCLook at DBe carefully完成句子，每空一词3)There must have been an angel(天使) _ _(照顾) me that day.4)What problems should I _ _ _(注意) when buying an old house?5)Youll become an alcohol
26、ic if you dont _ _(小心 )答案：1活学活用：1)C 2)A3)To my surprise，they are pulling down my house.4)When I arrived there，the train had pulled out of the station.2考点：及物 不及物活学活用：1)D 2)C 3)D 4)A3考点：原因状语活学活用：1)C 2)C 3)C4)Now that everyone is here，lets set out/start.4考点：火灾、战争活学活用：1)C 2)D 3)B 4)A 5)broke out 6)break up 7)broken down5归纳：for活学活用：1)B 2)B 3)watching over 4)watch out for 5)watch out
