1、庖丁巧解牛知识巧学生词巧解【词析】音析:元音字母 a 发弱化音形析:astro-(宇宙航行)+nomy(学科）义析:the science of the universe beyond the earth【典句】When she was a child,she usually showed interest in astronomy.小时候,她对天文学很感兴趣。【拓展】同根词：astronomer 天文学家;astrology 占星术;astro-space 宇宙空间;astro-engineer航天工程师;astrobiology 太空生物学;astro-dog 太空狗;astronaut
2、宇航员【词析】音析:io 发 ,双音节词形析:vio+lent(lend 的过去式）义析:using strong force.esp.of an unlawful kind【典句】In summer,we often have violent weather.夏天,气候通常很不温和。【拓展】1）习惯用法：a violent language 激烈的语言；a violent storm 猛烈的风暴；a violent attack 猛攻2）-ent 或-ant 为形容词词尾, 如果是 ence 则为名词。如important,distant,patient,silent等。【辨析】violen
3、t 和 wild violent 强调破坏性强的力量,含有害的或恶意的性质；wild 强调“野性 ”之意,表示“不文明”之类。【词析】音析:字母组合 ex 发 ,o 发音为形析:ex-(向外）+plode(碰撞) 义析:to burst out【典句】The bomb fell in a field and exploded.一颗炸弹落在田野上爆炸了。 【辨析】explode 和 burst burst 指由于内部压力增大而“爆炸”。explode 指“爆炸 ”，用于炸弹、锅炉等。【词析】音析:字母组合 ar 发 的音形析:harm(n.by this means;in this way。 p
4、revent. from 阻止;制止【词析】义析:to keep (someone) from doing something【典句】The sunglasses will prevent the sun from burning your eyes.太阳镜将防止太阳光晒伤你的眼睛。【拓展】同义短语：stop.from.;keep.from.注意：对于三个短语中 from 的省略情况,下列口诀有助于记忆：from 很重要,省不省略要记好,下面提示供参考；prevent,stop,主动语态可省 from,被动语态皆不能；keep 一词怎么办,无论主动与被动,from 常伴其身边。【词析】音析:前
5、一个 e 发音为 ,后一个 e 发音为形析:de-(在下）+pend(悬挂）义析:be decided by sth.;follow from sth.【典句】Whether I can come depends.我能否来要看情况。【拓展】1）常用搭配：depend on 依靠,依赖;that depends;/it (all) depends 那得看情况2)同根词：independence n.独立;dependent adj.依赖的;dependable adj.可靠的;dependence n.依赖【词析】音析:i 发 ,字母组合 ex 的读音为形析:类似的词还有 exit。 义析:to
6、 be real;there is【典句】Do you believe fairies exist？你相信真有神仙吗？【拓展】派生词：existence n.存在;生存【词析】音析:第一个 e 发e ，s 发浊辅音z形析:present(出席的) 去 t+ce义析:being in a place at a certain time【典句】Your presence is requested at the shareholders meeting.敬请您出席股东大会。【拓展】1）常用搭配：in the presence of. 在在场的情况下；当着2）反义词：absence n. 不在；缺席【
7、词析】音析:前两个 e 分别读e和 ，o 读形析:tele-( 远距离传送的） +scope(范围） 【典句】The scientist is observing the stars through a telescope.这位科学家正在用望远镜观察星星。【拓展】tele-为前缀,如：telephone,television,telegraph。【词析】音析:i 读 ，a 读 ，读形析:dis-(否定前缀）+appoint(约定）义析:to fail to fulfill hopes【典句】The news that he failed the exam disappointed them.考
8、试不及格的消息使他们很失望。【拓展】1)同根词：disappointing 令人失望的;disappointed 失望的；disappointment n.失望2)常用搭配:be disappointed in/with sb./sth.对某人/某事失望be disappointed to do sth.对某事感到扫兴be disappointed at. 因感到失望to ones disappointment 使某人失望的是【词析】音析:字母组合 or 的读音为 义析:natural or physical power;make an unwilling person do sth.【典句】
9、They forced the door open.他们强行把门打开。【拓展】常用搭配：force sb. to do sth.强迫某人做某事；by force 用暴力；强迫性的；armed forces 武装部队【词析】音析:字母组合 eer 的读音为形析:类似的词还有 deer,beer 等义析:to give a shout of happiness【典句】The crowd cheered loudly when the pop star appeared.歌星出现时,人群欢声雷动。【拓展】常用搭配：cheer up 振作起来；cheer on.为喝彩；be of good cheer
10、 高兴,充满希望【词析】音析:字母 a 的读音为形析:类似的词还有 class,glass,pass 等义析:a large amount of things that does not have a certain shape【典句】There were masses of clouds in the sky.天空乌云密布。【拓展】词组：a mass of 或 masses of 相当于 a lot of 或 lots of。break out 突发,爆发【词析】义析:suddenly happen【典句】The earthquake broke out in the south.地震在南方爆发。【拓展】和 break 相关的搭配：break up 分裂,结束，解散；break down 使崩溃，毁坏；break into 打断，强行进入；break off 断绝(关系） ；break through 突破；break out 猛地爆发；break away 逃走，逃脱break out 没有被动语态,其他短语如： take place,come about
