1、;-f:IL医科大学学位论文使用授权及知识产权归属承诺本学位论文在导师(或指导小组)的指导下,由本人独立完成。本学位论文研究所获得的研究成果,其知识产权归河北医科大学所有。河北医科大学有权对本学位论文进行交流、公开和使用。凡发表与学位论文主要内容相关的论文,第一署名单位为河北医科大学,试验材料、原始数据、申报的专利等知识产权均归河北医科大学所有。否则,承担相应的法律责任。研究生躲獬新签章f榷茁二;-I;IL医科大学研究生学位论文独创性声明本论文是在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果,除了文中特别加以标注等内容外,文中不包含其他人已发表或撰写的研究成果,指导教师对此进行了审定。本论文由本人
2、独立撰写,文责自负。研究生签名: 导师缚弋砻降亥d D年多月J阳,夕f目 录中文摘要1英文摘要O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O4研究论文艾附暖宫胶囊的制备工艺、质量标准及稳定性试验研究引言“一”一一“”“一一一9第一部分艾附暖宫胶囊制备工艺的研究前言“一”“一”“一“一一”10刚舌“一“”“一”一一“”一”“”一”“一”“一“一一”l U材料与方法lO结果”22附图一一“25附表30讨论4J小结一一一42参考文献42第二部分艾附暖宫胶囊质量标准的研究前言45月U吾”一“一一”“一一一一“一“一一”一“一“”一“4)材料与方法45结果一“一“50附图53附表61讨论-6
3、6小结O O O O O O67参考文献67第三部分艾附暖宫胶囊稳定性试验研究前言68 日IJ吾“”“一“”“一”“一”“”“一一一一“一“”一”68材料与方法68结果-69附表70小垒吉72lj27347788-1,17历r,J,一H口一简论述谢人结综致个中文摘要艾附暖宫胶囊的制备工艺、质量标准及稳定性试验研究摘 要艾附暖宫丸由艾叶、香附(醋制)等组成,具有理气补血、暖宫调经的功效,用于治疗子宫虚寒、月经不调、经来腹痛、腰酸带下等病症。本课题通过优化设计,将丸剂制成胶囊剂,制定质量标准,进行稳定性试验研究。目的:1利用正交试验优选挥发油的提取工艺、水提、醇提工艺、挥发油包合工艺,制成胶囊剂。
4、2采用高效液相色谱法,建立芍药苷和吴茱萸次碱的含量测定方法。3采用薄层色谱法,建立香附(醋制)、吴茱萸(制)、白芍(酒炒)、炙黄芪的定性鉴别方法。4采用加速试验的方法,进行稳定性试验研究。方法:1采用正交试验筛选制备工艺。 (1)以浸泡时间、提取时间、加水倍数作为考察因素,混合挥发油的收率为指标,优选香附(醋制)、当归、川芎、续断、吴茱萸(制)的挥发油提取工艺;以提取时间、加水倍数、粉碎粒度作为考察因素,挥发油的收率为指标,优选肉桂挥发油的提取工艺;(2)以提取次数、提取时间、加水倍数作为考察因素,以多糖含量、出膏率综合评分为指标优选肉桂(药渣)、艾叶(炭)、地黄、炙黄芪的水提工艺; (3)以
5、提取次数、提取时间、溶剂用量、乙醇浓度作为考察因素,以吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱含量的综合评分为指标,优选香附(醋制)、当归、川芎、续断、吴茱萸(制)的醇提工艺;(4)以挥发油和环糊精的比例、包合温度和包合时间作为考察因素,以包合物收率和包合率的综合评分为指标,优选挥发油的包合工艺。2定性鉴别(1)白芍(酒炒)的鉴别:使用硅胶G薄层板,以三氯甲烷乙酸乙酯甲醇甲酸(40:5:10:O2)为展开剂,喷以5的香草醛硫酸溶液,加热至斑点显色清晰。中文摘要(2)吴茱萸(制)的鉴别:使用硅胶G薄层板,以正丁醇醋酸水(2:1:1)为展开剂,在紫外光灯(365nm)下检视。(3)香附(醋制)的鉴别:使用硅胶GF25
6、4薄层板上,以苯乙酸乙酯(19:1)为展开剂,在紫外光灯(254nm)下检视。(4)炙黄芪的鉴别:使用硅胶G薄层板,以三氯甲烷甲醇水(13:7:2)为展开剂,喷以10硫酸乙醇溶液,在1lOOC力n热活化10分钟,在紫外光灯(365nm)下检视。3含量测定(1)高效液相色谱法:分别检测芍药苷和吴茱萸次碱的含量。参考文献选择合适的固定相,调整流动相组成、配比、流速以及柱温,在最大吸收波长下测定,使指标峰分离完全,理论塔板数符合要求。(2)线性范围考察:配制系列浓度的对照品溶液,以色谱峰的峰面积为纵坐标,以进样浓度为横坐标,进行线性回归,得回归曲线并考察线性范围。(3)方法学考察:分别考察测定方法的
7、精密度、重现性、稳定性和加样回收率。(4)样品含量测定:取三批样品分别按上述方法测定指标成分的含里里o4稳定性试验研究按加速试验法对三批样品进行制剂稳定性研究,分别于第1、2、3、6月末采样,按胶囊剂重点考察项目进行考察。结果:1通过正交试验筛选的最佳工艺为:(1)肉桂挥发油提取:药材粒径在5mm10mm,加水8倍,提取7小时;(2)香附(醋制)、吴茱萸(制)、当归、川芎、续断挥发油的提取工艺为:浸泡1小时,加水8倍,提取7小时;(3)当归(半量)、地黄、炙黄芪、肉桂(药渣)水提最优提取条件为加水lO倍,提取3次,每次15d,时;(4)香附(醋制)、吴茱萸(制)、当归、川芎、续断醇提工艺:乙醇
8、浓度为70,加10倍量,提取3次,每次15小时;(5)包合工艺:p。环糊精:挥发油8:l,包合温度50,包合时间10d,时;(6)胶囊的制备:提取液浓缩成浸膏,加入当归(半量)、白芍(酒炒)细粉,拌膏,80。C烘干,破碎成40目颗粒,挥发油用p环糊精包合后,与中文摘要之混匀,装入0号胶囊,每粒05克。2定性鉴别:白芍(酒炒)、吴茱萸(制)、香附(醋制)、炙黄芪的TLC图谱清晰,样品溶液在与对照品溶液相同位置上,均显相同颜色的斑点,阴性对照显示无干扰。3含量测定(1)吴茱萸次碱色谱条件为:Thermo(200mmx46 mm,59m)色谱柱,流动相:004辛烷磺酸钠乙腈(45:55),流速08m
9、lmin,柱温25,检测波长345nm。回归曲线为:y=13656c+8602097,r为09998,吴茱萸次碱在852ugm1852 ugml范围内线性关系良好。该方法精密度、重现性、在12小时内稳定性,禾nDil样回收率的RSD分别为037、134、124、041,加样回收率为996,样品中吴茱萸次碱的含量不低于O067mg粒。(2)芍药苷的色谱条件为:Thermo(200mmx46 mm,59m)色谱柱,流动相:O1磷酸乙腈(88:12),流速08mlmin,柱温20“C,检测波长230nm。回归曲线为:y=25346c+17127,r=09997,芍药苷在122161Xgml一1221
10、6“gml范围内线性关系良好。该方法精密度、重现性、在12小时内稳定性和加样回收率的RSD分别为026、036、174、041,加样回收率为996,样品中芍药苷的含量不低于110mg粒。4稳定性试验加速试验6个月,本品性状、水分、崩解时限、含量无明显差异。结论:确定了艾附暖宫胶囊的制备工艺,该工艺稳定、可行。建立的薄层鉴别方法专属性强,斑点清晰,可准确鉴别制剂中的药味成分;以较为公认的有效成分作为含量测定指标,采用高效液相色谱法进行检测,准确度高,专属性强,重现性好,能有效控制制剂质量。加速试验研究表明本品质量稳定。关键词:艾附暖富胶囊;制备工艺;包合;质量标准;稳定性试验;吴茱萸次碱;芍药苷
11、Preparation technology,quality standard and stabilityexperiment of Aifunuangong capsuleABSTRACTAifunuangong Pellets is made of leaf of moxa,cyperus rotundus(byvinegar)and SO onIt has the effect of regulating the flow of vital energy andremove obsl肌ction to it,tonifying blood,warmming uterine and reg
12、ulatingmenstmationSO it has been widely used to cure the symptoms of utermedeftciency and cold,menoxenia,menstrual abdominalgia,waist soreness andleukorrhagiaThis project is designed to turn pellets into capsules,set qualitystandard and do research on its stabilityobj eetive:1 Making capsules by usi
13、ng the technology of selecting volatile oil extractiontechn0109ywater,ethanol extraction,volatile oil inclusion technology inorrthogonal test2 Setting the method of measuring the content of Paeoniflorin and Rutecarpineby using highly-effective liquid chromatography3 Seming the qualitative identifica
14、tion method for Rhizoma Cyperi(byvinegar)Fructus Evodia,White peony root(winefrying)and Broilingastragalus by using thin layer chromatography4 Determining the stability by using accelerated testMethods:1 Select preplaration technology by orthogonal test(1)Selecting volatile oilextraction technology
15、of Rhizoma Cyperi, Angelica sinensis, RhizomaChuanxiong,Himalayan Teasel Root and Fructus Evodia with investigationfactors such as soaking time,extraction time and watering multiple and thepa舢eters as the retrieve rate of yield volatile oil;Selectting volatile oilextraction technology of Cinnamon wi
16、th investigation factors such asextraction time,watering multiple and comminution granularity andparameters as me retrieve rate of volatile oil;(2)Selecting water extraction4英文摘要technology of Cinnamon(dregs),Leaf of moxa(char),Rehmannia,Broilingastragalus with investigation factors such as extractio
17、n times,extraction timeand watering multiple and parameters as amylose content and pasteformingrate;(3)Selecting ethanol extraction technology of Cyperus rotundus(byvinegar),Angelica,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Himalayan Teasel Root,EvodiaRutaecarpa(processing)with investigation factors such as extraction ti
18、mes,extraction time,solvent dosage and ethanol concentration and parameters suchas the total content of Evodiamine rutecarpine and pasteforming rate;(4)Selecting volatile oil inclusion technology with investigation factors such asthe percentage of naphtha and cyclodextrin,inclusion temperature andin
19、clusion time and parameters such as ratio of inclusion compound yieldcoe蚯cient and inclusion rate2 Qualitative identification(1)Identification of White Peony Root(wine-frying):Adding vanillinsulphuric acid solution on it on silica gel G thin layer plate with chloroformethyl acetatecarbinol-formic ac
20、id(40:5:1 0:02)as developer,and heatinguntil clear dots can be seen(2)Identification of Fructus Evodia(processing):Putting it on silica gel Gthin layer plate with N-Butanol-acetic acid-water(2:1:1)as developer,andobserving under ultraviolet lamp(3)Identification of Rhizoma Cyperi(by vinegar):Putting
21、 it on silica gelGF254,with benzeneethyl acetate(1 9:1)as developer,and observing underultraviolet lamp(4)Identification of Broiling astragalus:Putting it on silica gel G thin layerplate,with chloroformcarbinolwater(1 3:7:2)as developer,spraying1 0vitriol ethanol solution on it and heating for activ
22、ation at 1 I O*C for 1 0minutes,then observing it under ultraviolet lamp3 Assayment(1)High Performance Liquid Chromatography:Detecting separately thecontents of paeoniflorin and rutecarpineChoosing proper stationary phaseand adjusting the makeup,matching,flow rate and column temperature of5英文摘要一一mob
23、ile phase in the condition of wavelength(nm)max to make theoreticalplate number meet the standard(2)Linearity range investigation:Confecting reference substance solutionof different concentration,performing linear regression with chromatographicpeak area as y-axis and sampling concentration as xaxis
24、 to get curvilinearregression and investigating linearity range(3)Methodological investigation:Investigating precision,ruggedness,stability and sample recovery rate of the method(4)Sample content determination:Determining the content of indexcomponents in three groups of samples according to the met
25、hods mentionedabove4 Stability experimentTesting the stability on the three groups of samples by accelerating testand then do sampling at the end of January,February,March and June toinvestigate the important items of capsulesResuit:1 The best technology selected through orthogonal test:(1)Extractio
26、n Processof Cortex Cinnamomi volatile Oil:particle size between 5mm-1 0mm,water 8times,extracting for seven hours;(2)The extraction technology of RhizomaCyperi,Angelica sinensis,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Himalayan Teasel Root andFructus Evodia volatile oil:soaking one hour,water 8 times,extracting forseven
27、 hours(3)The best aqueous extracting condition for Angelica(half inquantity),Rehmannia,Broiling astragalus,Cinnamon(dregs):water 8 times,extracting 3 times,15 hours one time;(4)Ethamol soluble extract for RhizomaCyperi,Angelica sinensis,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,Himalayan Teasel Root andFructus Evodia:70et
28、hanol,1 0 times,extract-ing 3 times,15 hours one time;(5)Inclusion technology:pcyclodextrin:volatile oil 8:1,inclusion temperature50。C,inclusion time 10 hour;(6)Capsule preparation:condensating extractingsolution into extractum,adding angelica(half in quantity),White PaeonyRoot(winefrying)fine powde
29、r and stir it,drying it at 80。C,dividing into40Grains,using 13-cyclodextrinto include volatile oil,then mixing them6,i,3:英文摘要together and puting into capsules of O size,O5 grarngranule2 Qualitative identification:TLC atlas of Cyperus Rotundus(by vinegar),Fructus Evodia, White Peony Root(winefrying)a
30、nd broiling astragalusare clearSample solution and feminine are in the same locality with dots ofsame colourFeminine comparing shows no interfering3 The determinantion of concentration of Rutaecarpine and Paeoniflorin(1)The HPLC condition for determinantion of concentration of Rutaecarpin:The concen
31、tration of rutaecarpin was determined using a HPLC system atthe wavelength of 345nmThe separation was achieved by using a Thermocolumn(200x46mm,5tm),at a rate of O8mlminThe temperature of columnis 25The mobile phase consisted of O04octane Sodium alkaneSulphonate and acetonitrile at a ratio of 45:55(
32、vv)The regression curveequation is y=1 3656c+8602097,(r 209998),with a good linear relationshipamong 852tgml-852 lxgm1The RSDof precision,reproducibility,thestability within 1 2hours and analytical recovery were 037,134,124,04 1,respectivelyThe analytical recovery was 996It was no less thanO067mg in
33、 per granule of the content of Rutecarpine(2)The HPLC condition for determinantion of concentration of PaeoniflorinThe concentration of paeoniflorin was determined using a HPLC system atthe wavelength of 23 0nmThe separation was achieved by using a Thermocolumn(200x46mm,5Itm),at a rate of 08mlminThe
34、 temperature ofcolumn iS 25The mobile phase consisted of 01phosphate andacetonitrile at a ratio of 8 8:1 2(vv)The regression curve equation isy=25346c+1 7 1 27,(F09997),with a good linear relationship among1 22 1 6 Jtgml一1 221 6 J,tgm1The RSDof precision,reproducibility,thestability within 1 2 hours
35、 and analytical recovery were 026、O36、174、04 1,respectivelyThe analytical recovery was 996It was no 1eSS than11 0mg in per granule of the content of Paeoniflorin4 Stability experimentAccelerated test for 6 months,no obvious change in properties moisture ordisintegration time limited took place7乒2#i英
36、文摘要Conclusion:Preparation technology of capsule proved to be stable and practicalTLCidentification has such strong specificity with clear dots that medicinalmaterials in the capsule can be accurately identified;Regard the acceptedactive ingredients as a target of determining the content,Usinghighly。
37、effective liquid chromatography to measure it,good repeatability and isable to ensure the qualityThe acceletated test shows the capsule has stablequalityKey words:Aifunuangong capsule;preparation technology;inclusion;quality standard;stability experiment;Rutecarpine;Paeoniflorin,一 8研究论文艾附暖宫胶囊的制备工艺、质
38、量标准及稳定性试验研究引 言艾附暖宫丸是治疗子宫虚寒、月经不调等症的重要药物,被多版中国药典所收载,为国家基本药物。但丸剂剂型本身以中药原粉入药,患者服量较大,服用不便,丸剂容易虫蛀,制剂不易保存,制剂质量不稳定,对影响药效的有效成分控制较差,已不能满足人们对现代药物的需求。本试验是在原艾附暖宫丸基础上,充分利用现代制剂技术,尽可能保留药味中的有效成分,提高药效,减少服量,将丸剂制成安全、高效、质量可控的胶囊剂。本课题第一部分为艾附暖宫胶囊制备工艺的研究,主要采用正交设计的方法,优选提取工艺,并对提取的挥发油进行包合,然后用干法制粒法制备成半成品颗粒,进行颗粒性能考察,最后装胶囊即得。通过验证
39、,确定标准处方量和制备工艺。第二部分为质量标准研究,参照药典和其他文献,建立主要药味的TLC定性鉴别,同时建立芍药苷和吴茱萸次碱的含量测定方法,保证有效成分的可控性。第三部分为稳定性试验研究,即按照药物制剂稳定性试验指导原则,对制得的三批样品进行稳定性试验研究。研究论文第一部分艾附暖宫胶囊制备工艺的研究_址_叁刖菁艾附暖宫丸为药典收载的治疗子宫虚寒、月经不调等症的经典方剂,但因丸剂这一传统剂型存在一定的缺陷,因此对本方进行了剂型改革,运用现代制药技术将丸剂制成适合本疾病治疗的胶囊剂,减少药服量,且药品质量更加可控。材料与方法1仪器与材料11仪器ZDHW型调温电热套(北京中兴伟业仪器有限公司),
40、DFY500型摇摆式高速中药粉碎机(温岭市林大机械有限公司),20B万能粉碎机(江阴市翔飞粉体工程机械有限公司),CTG10型多功能提取器(常州制药机械厂),DHG9053A型电热鼓风干燥箱(上海一恒科技有限公司),YBIA型真空恒温干燥箱(天津市鑫洲科技有限公司),DF101型集热式恒温磁力搅拌器(巩义市英峪予华仪器厂),XSl05型分析天平(万分之一),AS3 120型超声仪(天津奥特塞恩斯有限公司),岛津液相色谱仪(配有四元泵,真空脱气机,柱温箱,DAD检测器和LC2010AHT 230V色谱工作站),UV2450型紫外分光光度计(日本岛津厂),Pyrisl DSCDifferentia
41、l Scanning Calorimeter(PE USA)。12试药p-环糊精(曲阜天力药用辅料有限公司),药用级。D无水葡萄糖对照品(中国药品生物制品检定所,批号1 10833200904)、吴茱萸碱对照品(中国药品生物制品检定所,批号8029401)、吴茱萸次碱对照品(中国药品生物制品检定所,批号8019001)、芍药苷对照品(中国药品生物制品检定所,批号110736。200630)、0L香附酮对照品(中国药品生物制研究论文品检定所,批号1 10748200507)、黄芪甲苷对照品(中国药品生物制品检定所,批号0781200311)。甲醇、乙腈为色谱纯,水为重蒸水,磷酸、辛烷磺酸钠为分析
42、纯。各味药材均购于安国市一方中药材有限公司,并经鉴定符合中国药典(2010版一部)有关药材项下的规定。2方法 21剂型选择艾附暖宫丸为药典收载的国家基本药物,药效可靠。但由于丸剂这种传统剂型存在服药量大,服用不便,不易贮存等缺点,且作为有效成分之一的挥发油类在药材灭菌和制备过程中损失较大,故对传统剂型丸剂进行剂型改革的探索非常必要。由于子宫虚寒、月经不调为慢性病,不宜选用注射剂,应选用易于贮存、便于携带和使用的口服剂型。经检索,在口服剂型的新剂型中颗粒剂已有报道,但胶囊剂、片剂、口服液尚无报道。本方药味较多,有效成分复杂,极性差别较大,其中部分属于醇溶性成分,如做成口服液会影响制剂的澄明度。而
43、颗粒剂生产辅料用量较大,服用不便,而且挥发油在贮存时容易挥发。预试验发现本方浸膏量较大,尽管留用了吸水能力较强的一部分药粉,半成品仍具有一定的吸湿性,考虑到胶囊剂有一定的隔绝湿气的作用,加之胶囊剂工艺简单,设备要求不高,生产成本低,故最终选择制备胶囊剂。22工艺设计的理论依据在本胶囊剂工艺设计过程中,从处方中有效成分及性质特点出发,结合生产实际,确定提取方法,采用干法制粒法将丸剂制成胶囊剂。方中各药材处理依据如下:221艾叶(炭)艾叶为菊科植物艾的干燥叶,是妇科常用药,具散寒止痛、温经止血之功效。炮制后的醋艾叶炭可温经止血,用于虚寒性止血【11。经研究艾叶的化学成分主要为挥发油、黄酮、桉叶烷、
44、三萜类、微量化学元素等【21。张学兰【3】等人研究了炮制方法对艾叶主要成分及其止血作用的影响,研究结果表明艾叶加热炮制后挥发性成分含量显著降低。炒炭以及烘制后对小鼠的凝血及出血时间有显著性影响,具明显的止血作用,主要用于虚寒性出血,其中以180烘10分钟和200。C烘lO分钟所得样品水煎液止血作用最为明显,与生品组比较存在显著性差异。实验提示艾叶炒炭并醋炙后具有研究论文一定的止血、镇痛作用【41。一些列研究表明古人使用艾叶汤剂治疗月经过多、崩漏、便血等多种血证有理论基础。故艾叶(炭)水提入药。222香附(醋制)香附中主要含挥发油,含量约1。国产香附挥发油含香附烯(Cyperene)、p-芹子烯
45、(pScliene)、a一香附酮(aCyperone)、13香附酮(13-Cyperene)、广藿香酮(Patchoulenone)(也称异香附酮)及少量单萜化合物:柠檬烯(Limonene)、1,8桉油素(1,8Cine01)、p蒎烯(pPinene)、对聚伞花素(PCymene)、樟烯(Camphene)等。实验证实香附具有明显镇痛作用,可缓解缩宫素致小鼠子宫的激烈收缩,可减轻痛经时的疼痛症状。香附发挥较好镇痛作用的剂量,在同样的生药量下,确定了石油醚、乙酸乙酯部位为香附治疗痛经的有效部位【51。温东婷【6】等从香附石油醚部分分离得到抑制大鼠离体子宫肌收缩的有效成分a香附酮。并证明,香附酮能有效地抑制未孕大鼠离体子宫肌的自发性收缩,同时抑制缩宫素引起的离体子宫肌的收缩