1、工业工程专业英语,课程性质、目的和任务 专业英语是工业工程专业的一门专业课，通过对本课程的学习，及一步巩固和提高英语水平，特别是提高阅读科技英语及专业英语资料的能力。其任务是培养学生阅读、写作科技英语等方面的能力，使其能以英语为工具顺利获取有关本专业所需的信息。 教学基本要求 了解专业英语的语法特点、专业英语的词汇特点及专业英语的各种文体中常用的符号、公式及其他。掌握工业工程专业的英语文献阅读和理解，能快速阅读科技文章，迅速获取信息和中心思想。理解专业英语翻译的基本方法。 计划学时：26学时,工业工程专业英语,课时安排,工业工程专业英语,作业要求(共10次作业) 要求每次作业独立完成，并在完成
2、学习后3天内上交，要求以Word文档形式上交，文档命名格式为“作业1_10603101_小王” 。 作业格式按给定“作业模板”排版。 最后一次结课作业应在课程学习结束前上交 期末结课作业(毕业设计答辩前，要求有科技文献翻译一篇，这项工作可以说是一举两得，希望同学们认真完成，并注意保存) 要求通过文献检索数据库，检索一篇工业工程相关英文科技文献，最好结合毕业设计题目，并翻译成中文。 具体要求： 上交一份检索文献过程的贴图； 检索文献(英文)要求字数(不是字符数，A4版式小五字体大约4页)超过2000字； 上交内容放在同一个word文档中，要求按“论文规范”排版，要有目录，分3个部分，包括： 文献
3、检索过程 外文文献 中文翻译,Chapter1 Introduction to Industrial Engineering,计划学时：4学时 教学内容： 3学时，精读，逐句翻译，掌握专业词汇 Unit 1 Introduction to IE 1学时，泛读，了解文章大意，掌握专业词汇，翻译重点语句 Unit 2 History of IE Unit 3 Academic Disciplines of IE Unit 4 Development of IE,教学要求： 了解工业工程的角色，工业工程毕业生的需求，学习本书的目的，掌握工业工程的定义。 了解工业工程设计的学科，工业工程的发展。 了解
4、美国工业工程专业在学科中的地位与中国的不同。 本章共两次作业（作业1，作业2）,本章专业词汇,hypotenuse:斜边（hypothesis:假设） lag:落后，延迟 impede：妨碍，阻止 civil engineering：土木工程 military：军事的 fortification：防御工事 mechanical engineering：机械工程 steam engine:蒸汽机 culminate:达到顶点 electrical engineering：电气工程 magnetism：磁学 static electricity:静电学 carbon-filament:钨丝 tra
5、nsmission:传送 transportation:运输 transformation ：转换 fuel：燃料 dye：染料 lubricant：润滑剂 internal combustion engine：内燃机 artificial material：人工材料 assiduity：勤奋、刻苦 interchangeability:互换性 specialization: 专业化 standardization: 标准化 institute of industrial engineers：工业工程师学会(IIE) physical science：自然科学（natural science
6、） productive：有生产价值的、多产的 cost-effective：有成本效益的、划算的,industrial engineering:工业工程 manufacturing industry:制造业 production system：生产系统 service system:服务系统 efficiency:效率 effectiveness:效果 curricula: 课程 (or curriculum) harmonious society:和谐社会 IE graduates:工业工程毕业生（IEs） IE engineers:工业工程师（IEs） facility:设备、设施 he
7、alth-care delivery: 卫生保健服务 discipline:学科 methodology:方法 literature:文献 economic and knowledge-based era:知识经济时代 specialty:专业 feedback：反馈 hand in hand :合作 inclined plane:斜面 corkscrew: 螺丝刀 simple lever:单杠杆 friction: 摩擦 molecular:分子的 electricity: 电、电学、电流、电气 thermal process:热处理 manipulate:处理，使用，操纵 variabl
8、e:变量 Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理,Unit 1 Introduction to IE Origin and Definition of Industrial Engineering,Manufacturing Services Origin of IE Definition of IE,1.Manufacturing,Manufacturing is defined as making of articles by physical labor or machinery, especially on a large scale. by physical labor:
9、a person with hand tools used craft skills to make objects. by machinery: it has played an increasing role. on a large scale: with the mass production,2.Services,Health-care delivery systems Transportation systems Governments Banks Departments and supermarkets,Characteristics of Services,Products ar
10、e intangible Closely contact with customers High intensive-labor Difficult to evaluate performance Difficult to control quality of services,3. Original of Industrial Engineering,Engineering Science Industry,A. Engineering,Engineering is concerned with the application of scientific knowledge to the s
11、olution of problems and to the quest for a “better life.” e.g.: the Egypt Pyramids, the Great Wall, the Roman constructionCivil Chemical Electrical Industrial Mechanical Military Manufacturing Nuclear Electronic Computer Aeronautical Astronautical Bioengineering Agricultural/Ocean,B. Science,Science
12、 is concerned with the quest for basic knowledge. e.g.:MathematicsPhysicsChemistryBiologySocial science (Behavior science, psychology, philosophy, sociology),Engineering and Science,Engineering and science have developed in a parallel, complementary fashion, although not always at the same pace. Obv
13、iously, knowledge cannot be applied until it is discovered, and once discovered, it will soon be put to use. In its efforts to solve problems, engineering provides feedback to science in areas where new knowledge is needed. Thus, science and engineering work hand in hand.,Modern era of engineering,B
14、eginning in 1750 ,Engineering schools appeared in France in the eighteenth century.The term civil engineer was first used in 1750military engineering civil engineering mechanical engineering: steam engineelectrical science:electricity and magnetism,4. Definition of Industrial Engineering,Industrial
15、engineering is concerned with the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment, and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mechanical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineeri
16、ng analysis and design to specify, predict, and evaluate, the results to be obtained from such systems,Understanding the definition of IE(1),Industrial: any organization integrated systems: a factory, a city specialized knowledge: mechanical, physical, and social sciences, the principles and methods
17、 of engineering analysis Objectives: to specify, predict, and evaluate, the results to be obtained from such systems,Understanding the definition of IE(2),Discipline character: Engineering tech. Research object: systems (macro/micro) Theory & methods: mathematics, natural sciences and social science
18、s Objectives & tasks: effectiveness & efficiency,作业1：,重点语句翻译（把下列语句翻译成中文） Industrial engineering (IE) is emerging as one of the classic and novel professions that will be counted for solving complex and systematic problems in the highly technological world of today. Industrial engineering is concerne
19、d with the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment, and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and desig
20、n to specify, predict, and evaluate, the results to be obtained from such systems.,作业1：,课外翻译（把下列语句翻译成中文） On the other hand,todays IE has at his or her disposal more technology and tools than the IE of 30 years ago could have ever imagined. If a person loses sight of the total job and starts looking
21、at the individual pieces,it comes out a little hairy. Problems associated with renaming IE departments to describe their particular function may have more to do with appearance than with the actual job being performed. 用英文回答下例问题 What is science? What is engineering? What is industry? What is industr
22、ial engineering?,Unit 2 History of Industrial Engineering,Charles Babbage (巴贝奇，1792-1871) British mathematician and inventor of an analytical machine based on principles similar to those used in modern digital computers. Division of labor, labor relations,Formulation of Industrial Engineering,Formul
23、ation of Industrial Engineering,Eli Whitney (1765-1825) American inventor and manufacturer whose invention of the cotton gin (1793) revolutionized the cotton industry. He also established the first factory to assemble muskets with interchangeable parts, marking the advent of modern mass production.
24、Mass production system, interchangeable manufacture; the design and construction of new machines,Formulation of Industrial Engineering,Frederick Winslow Taylor (泰勒，1856-1915) American inventor, engineer, and efficiency expert noted for his innovations in industrial engineering and management. Analyz
25、e and improve the method of performing work, reduce the times required, and set standards (time study) The Principles of Scientific Management (1911),Formulation of Industrial Engineering,Frank B. Gilbreth (吉尔布雷斯，1868-1924) the identification, analysis, and measurement of fundamental motions involve
26、d in performing work (motion study) This was a fundamental step in the development of industrial engineering as profession based on “science” rather than “art.”,Formulation of Industrial Engineering,Dr. Lillian Gilbreth (1878-1972) , wife of Frank .She witnessed and contributed to the birth, growth,
27、 and maturation of the IE profession. the first lady of engineering the first woman to be elected to the National Academy of Engineering,Formulation of Industrial Engineering,Henry Laurence Gantt (1861-1919) American engineer Gantt chart The Gantt chart was a significant contribution in that it prov
28、ided a systematic graphical procedure for preplanning and scheduling work activities, reviewing progress, and updating the schedule. Gantt charts are still in widespread use today.,W.A. Shewhart Developed the fundamental principles of statistical quality control in 1924. This was another important d
29、evelopment in providing a scientific base to industrial engineering practice.,Formulation of Industrial Engineering,Many other industrial engineering pioneers contributed to the early development of the profession. During the 1920s and 1930s much fundamental work was done on economic aspects of mana
30、gerial decisions, inventory problems, incentive plans, factory layout problems, material handling problems, and principles of organization.,Formulation of Industrial Engineering,Scientific management,Peter Drucker systematic work study,Chronology of IE,Characteristics and Functions of Industrial Eng
31、ineering,Features of academic discipline Industrial engineering as a profession Professional ethics IE functions,Features of academic discipline,(1) Engineering (2) Cross-disciplines (3) Manufacturing and services oriented,Industrial engineering as a profession,(1) Associated with a profession is a
32、significant body of special knowledge. (2) Preparation for a profession includes an internship-like training period following the formal education. (3) The standards of a profession, including a code of ethics, are maintained at a high level through a self-policing system of controls over those prac
33、ticing the profession. (4) Each member of a profession recognizes his responsibilities to society over and above responsibilities to his client or to other members of the profession.,Engineers Task,Engineers are frequently involved in decisions that have a profound effect on society. The design of p
34、articular devices almost always involves the safety of the user. The design of the processes frequently affects the environment. The design and location of a factory affect the community and its citizens. The design of a management system greatly affects the individuals working for the organization
35、their comfort, their sense of worth, their financial status, and so on.,IE functions,Production operations Management systems Corporate Services,Unit 3 Academic Disciplines of Industrial Engineering,Big five disciplines Management Operations Research Systems Engineering Statistics Ergonomics Manufac
36、turing Engineering,Big five disciplines,Big five:civil, chemical, electrical, industrial, and mechanical engineeringOthers: nuclear engineering, electronic engineering, aeronautical engineering, computer engineering, astronautical engineering, environmental engineering, bioengineering, agricultural
37、engineering and ocean engineering,Management,Production management-concepts and techniques specific to the analysis and management of production activity; how to analyze and design productive systems and the control procedures for efficiently operating such systems The training of a race car driver
38、is analogous to management education: the design of the car is analogous to industrial engineering education.,Management,Planning Organizing Coordinating Controlling encouraging Communicating,Operations research,Definition of O.R. Similarity to IE Nature of O.R. Categorization of O.R.,Operations res
39、earch,Definition of O.R.The attack of modern science on complex problems arising in the direction and management of large systems of men, machines, materials, and money in industry, business, government, and defense. The distinctive approach is to develop a scientific model of the system, incorporat
40、ing measurement of factors such as chance and risk, with which to predict and compare the outcomes of alterative decisions, strategies, or controls. The purpose is to help management determine its policies and actions scientifically.,Operations research,Similarity to IEIE and O.R. have commonalities
41、. O.R. and IE indeed do have many of the same objectives and work on many of the same problems. The primary difference is that O.R. has a higher level of theoretical and mathematical orientation, providing a major portion of the science base of IE.,Operations research,Operations research,Nature of O
42、.R.Mathematical involvemente.g.: economic order quantity （经济订货量）Plant location （工厂选址）Job evaluationQuality controlTransportation programming problems,Operations research,Categorization of O.R. Deterministic ApproachAny time random variation is not allowed Probabilistic ApproachAny time random variat
43、ion is allowed,Systems Engineering,Definition of a system Classifications of systems Systems of IE,Systems Engineering,Definition of a systemA system may be defined as a set of components which are related by some form of interaction, and which act together to achieve some objective or purpose.,Syst
44、ems Engineering,Classifications of systems Natural vs. Man-Made Systems Static vs. Dynamic Systems Physical vs. Abstract Systems Open vs. Closed Systems,Systems Engineering,Systems of IEIndustrial engineers design systems at two levels. The first level is called human activity systems and is concern
45、ed with the physical workplace at which human activity occurs. The second level is called management control systems and is concerned with procedures for planning, measuring, and controlling all activities within the organization.,Systems Engineering,Systems of IE cybernetics Norbert Wiener (1894-19
46、64), American mathematician who founded the field of cybernetics. control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine Claude Shannon (香农), Information theory The Mathematical Theory of Communication,Systems Engineering,Systems of IE Negative feedback e.g.:The most commonly used example of negati
47、ve feedback is the thermostat. When the temperature drops sufficiently below some desired value, the thermostat initiates the heating portion of the cycle, and the heat is added until a temperature is reached that is greater than the desired temperature. Heating is then stopped to permit cooling to
48、negate the overheating. Negative feedback means that some action is taken to oppose or negate an unacceptable difference.,Systems Engineering,Systems of IE Negative feedback e.g.:a conceptual model of negative feedback in management systems,Statistics,Statistics has been and will continue to be dist
49、inct from industrial engineering. However, the approach of industrial engineering has changed significantly; the world around us is viewed as probabilistic in nature rather than deterministic. By deterministic it is meant that all actions under consideration in a particular study situation are assum
50、ed to be certain. Probabilistic implies that at least one aspect of the study situation has a probability of occurrence associated with it that must be considered.,Ergonomics,Ergonomics previously called human factors, is A subdiscipline of industrial engineering, closely associated with both industrial and experiment psychology. Human-machine system design:Physiological aspects of human performancePsychological aspects of human activitiesHuman interface with the world of work,
