1、山西省实验中学 2018 届高三第一学期期中考试英语试题第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节 满分 60 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项.AWaiting For YouHarvard Art Museums, 32 Quincy Street Cambridge MA(1) Art Study Center Open HoursThrough December 21, the Art Study Center will hold special open hours on Mondays, from
2、 1 pm to 4 pm. The Art Study Center is located on Level 4. Please be prepared to present a photo ID. The workers will charge you 25 cents for access. Level 4 will check bags, coats, umbrellas, and any food or drink. Do remember to put things in the lockers on Level 1.(2) Student Guide TourThese tour
3、s, designed and led by Harvard students from a range of scientific groups, focus on animals and plant life. They provide visitors a unique view into learning about creatures. Please meet in the Calderwood Courtyard, in front of the digital screens between the shop and the admissions desk. Free with
4、museums admission. Tours are limited to 15 people; no registration required. Tours are offered every Tuesday and Friday at 2 pm, and every Saturday and Sunday at 3 pm. Note that there will be no tours on Friday, November 27 or Saturday, November 28, because of the Thanks-giving break.(3) Art Study C
5、enterThe public is welcome to visit the museums Art Study Center. However, you need to show the tickets. The tickets details:$ 15 Adults$ 13 Seniors (65+)$ 10 Non-Harvard students (18+)Free Harvard faculty, students, and staff (plus one guest)Free Youth under 18Free Cambridge residents (proof of res
6、idency required)1. What should the visitors know about the activities?A. Any adult needs a $15 ticket to visit the Art Study Center.B. Any Harvard staff can visit the Art Study Center with a friend for free.C. Visitors can join the Student Guide Tour on Sunday mornings.D. A group of 20 visitors shou
7、ld gather together to join the Student Guide Tour.2. Which information can be found in the text?A. One can take hotdogs to Level 4.B. The Art Study Center will hold special tours on Tuesday and Friday at 2 pm.C. The Art Study Center needs registration.D. No ticket is required for the Student Guide T
8、our.3. The Student Guide Tour might be led by students good at_.A. art B. literatureC. science D. politics【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了哈佛大学艺术博物馆的开放时间、学生导游免费游览以及艺术研究中心的门票信息。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三部分中的“Free Harvard faculty, students, and staff (plus one guest)”可知，哈佛大学的教职员工可以带一个人免费参观艺术研究中心，故 B 项正确。【2 题详
9、解】细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“Free with museums admission. Tours are limited to 15 people; no registration required.”可知，学生导游游览是免费的，不需要任何注册费用，故 D 项正确。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“These tours, designed and led by Harvard students from a range of scientific groups, focus on animals and plant life.”可知，学生导游需要擅长与动物和植物相关的科学知识
10、，故 C 项正确。BAlthough being famous might sound like a dream coming true, todays stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi (狗仔队) camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids (小报) publish thrilling st
11、ories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebritiesfamous peopleworry constantly about their public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who th
12、ey really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the persons they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.”The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B.C. , painters followed A
13、lexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨) about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about fi
14、lm-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say soomething silly or do something ridiculous, there
15、 is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.If fame is so troublesome, why arent all celebrities running away from it? The answer is that there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and famil
16、y or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous the are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their
17、lives are. They are tired of being famous already.4. It can be learned from the passage that stars today_.A. can no longer have their privacy protectedB. are often misunderstood by the publicC. spend too much on their public appearanceD. care little about how they have come into fame5. What is the m
18、ain idea of Paragraph 3?A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired.B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of readers.6. What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?A. Huge
19、population of fans. B. Inadequate social recognition.C. Lack of favorable chances. D. Availability of modern media.7. What is the authors attitude toward modern celebrity?A. Sincere. B. Skeptical.C. Sympathetic. D. Disapproving.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了名人的窘境隐私得不到保护，生活经常被打扰，无时无刻不暴露在
20、媒体之下，不敢随意说话，一不小心就会成为媒体永久的话题，这些都让名人的生活变得很难，他们不得不想尽办法躲避媒体的追踪。【4 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.”可知，这些名人是全世界的注意力，狗仔队在他们家门口准备随时拍照，街头小报刊登他们的个人生活，经常被拍
21、照，被打断要求签名等，由此可知他们的隐私得不到保护，故 A 项正确。【5 题详解】段落大意题。根据第三段中的“The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.”可知，本段讲的是追踪名人的现象由来已久，故 B 项正确。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say something silly or do somethin
22、g ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.”可知，如今，名人做任何事情都会被照相机和网络捕捉到，因此这些现代媒体让现在成为名人更困难，故 D 项正确。【7 题详解】观点态度题。通读全文可知，文章讲的是名人的窘境隐私得不到保护，生活经常被打扰，无时无刻不暴露在媒体之下，不敢随意说话，一不小心就会成为媒体永久的话题，他们不得不想尽办法躲避媒体的追踪，由此推知作者对他们抱有同情的态度，故 C 项正确。【点睛】每一篇文章都会含
23、有作者的某种观点和态度，有的直截了当，有的含而不露，有的通过所用词语的褒贬来体现，例如本篇第 4 题，文章通篇都在讲名人的窘境隐私得不到保护，生活经常被打扰，无时无刻不暴露在媒体之下，不敢随意说话，一不小心就会成为媒体永久的话题，他们不得不想尽办法躲避媒体的追踪，特别是倒数第二段中的“escaping”一词表明作者对他们抱有同情的态度。CMany shopping malls now have special areas that offer shoppers their first chance to experience “VR technology”. You may have ente
24、red one out of curiosity, or you may think it is just another piece of useless technology. Whatever your opinion, VR, or virtual (虚拟的) reality, is going to become a big part of our lives very soon.2016 saw the introduction of many fancy products in the world of VR, includingMicrosofts HoloLens and S
25、amsungs Gear VR. All of them offer an exciting look at the new realities and opportunities that VR brings. These, however, are the early days of a technology that is expected to go from strength to strength. And 2017 looks like it is going to be the year in which VR technology really takes off.For a
26、 start, using VR will become more normal in 2017. Microsoft and Intel have already discussed their plans for simpler and less expensive VR headsets.“The idea of VR will stop being a sci-fi (science-fiction) idea, and instead it will turn into an industry of real products used as ways to show off ima
27、gination.” Said Andrew, a designer at US VR Company, Survios. It is also expected that VR products will play a part in more common and real-life fields like fashion and film. For example, to enjoy the atmosphere and energy of the front row experience at a fashion show, fans will no longer have to go
28、 along in the flesh. Instead people will be able to enjoy the experience by just wearing a VR headset at home.You can also expect VR mirrors and fitting-rooms sooner rather than later.”This is an especially good opportunity for brands looking to offer very personalized experiences.” Said Roy De Youn
29、g from US-based marketing agency, PMX.As time goes on, there will be less discussion about whether people will accept VR technology. It will simply be a discussion of when.8. Why do many shopping malls have areas for VR experiences?A. To collect shoppersopinions.B. To meet the demands of shoppers.C.
30、 To introduce the new technology to shoppers.D. To entertain shoppers with new technology.9. What does the underlined phrase “in the flesh” mean?A. In time B. In personC. In line D. In order10. What can we know about VR products from the passage?A. They are not expensive at present.B. They will meet
31、 more personal demands.C. They are being used almost everywhere.D. They wont be accepted for many years.11. What may be the best title for the passage?A. VR Meets Our Life Goal B. VR Mirrors Are ComingC. VR Takes over Fashion D. VR Is Becoming Real【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了虚拟现实技术的
32、发展以及一些虚拟现实产品的用途和发展前景，虚拟现实将很快成为我们生活必不可少中的一部分。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Many shopping malls now have special areas that offer shoppers their first chance to experience “VR technology”.”可知，很多大型购物中心设有虚拟现实技术体验区是为了把这种新技术介绍给顾客，故 C 项正确。【9 题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Instead people will be able to enjoy the experience by j
33、ust wearing a VR headset at home.”可知，相反，人们可以在家里佩戴 VR 耳麦来享受这种体验，也就是说不必亲自到现场就能体验到时装秀前排的气氛，由此可知画线词词义为“亲自” ，故 B 项正确。【10 题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“You can also expect VR mirrors and fitting-rooms sooner rather than later. ”This is an especially good opportunity for brands looking to offer very personalized exp
34、eriences.”可知，虚拟现实产品将会满足更多的个性化需要，故 B 项正确。【11 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“Whatever your opinion, VR, or virtual (虚拟的) reality, is going to become a big part of our lives very soon.”可知，本文主要介绍了虚拟现实技术的发展以及一些虚拟现实产品的用途和发展前景，虚拟现实将很快成为我们生活必不可少中的一部分，故 D 项正确。【点睛】词义猜测题是科普类说明文难度较大的一种题型，画线词所在句子的上下文往往是答案的依据所在，例如本篇第
35、2 题，根据画线词后的“Instead people will be able to enjoy the experience by just wearing a VR headset at home.”可知，相反，人们可以在家里佩戴 VR 耳麦来享受这种体验，也就是说不必亲自到现场就能体验到时装秀前排的气氛，画线词所在句说的是与前面相反的一种情况，由此可知画线词词义为“亲自” ，而不是及时、排队或按顺序。DA recent study led by researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found a
36、clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi, driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility (能见度 ) of yellow makes it le
37、ss difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.The study was led by Prof Ho. To test whether there was a relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analysed data collected by the l
38、argest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6. 1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.They also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 t
39、axis in a ratio(比例) of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents will occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year.Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days, the color of all taxis
40、to yellow could produce an annual saving of $ 2 million.“We are eager to continue to validate (证实) the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport, such as school buses. For example, we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against tho
41、se of other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, were also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors.” Explained Prof Ho.12. Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?A
42、. Because yellow can be seen more easily.B. Because yellow signals a warning of danger.C. Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.D. Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.13. Whats Prof Hos study based on?A. Physical risks taxi passengers experience.B. The economic e
43、ffect of changing taxi color.C. Data from Singapores largest taxi company.D. Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.14. What do Prof Hos words in the last paragraph suggest?A. School buses should be painted yellow.B. Their findings are worth popularizing.C. Their study will be furthered.D. Yel
44、low should be widely used in public transport.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Caution: yellow taxis ahead B. Safer to ride in yellow taxisC. Why are yellow taxis preferred? D. How can colors help prevent accidents?【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员发现黄色出租车比其他颜色的出租车发生的交通事故少
45、得多，并希望将黄色应用于其他公共交通之中。【12 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The higher visibility of yellow makes it less difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.”可知，黄色的高能见度使得司机们容易避免与黄色出租车发生事故，故 A 项正确。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the research team analysed data collected by
46、 the largest taxi company in Singapore.”可知，研究数据是从新加坡最大的出租车公司收集而来的，是故 C 项正确。【14 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We are eager to continue to validate the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport”及“Besides, were also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do
47、a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors.”可知，研究人员将进一步证实黄色是否能应用于其他公共交通之中，并比较不同颜色出租车的事故率，故 C 项正确。【15 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了研究人员发现黄色出租车比其他颜色的出租车发生的交通事故少得多，并希望应用于其他公共交通之中，故 A 项正确。第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Weve all experienced
48、peer pressure (同伴压力) . It happens to everybody. However, people have different reactions. Confident people refuse to do things they dont want to do, but shy and anxious people often give in. It may be because they want to be liked. It may be because they worry that their friends will make fun of the
49、m, or perhaps theyre just curious about trying something new. _16_Its hard being the only one who says no and the question is: how do you do it? _17_If you think that missing maths, or smoking, or going somewhere you know your parents wouldnt like is a bad idea then the answer is simple: dont do it. Its your decision, nobody elses. You dont need to be aggressive. You dont need to shout and scream, but you must be confident and you must be firm. You need to say, “No thanks. I dont want to do that.”Being
