1、Part Word power，Grammar and usage & Task,.重点单词 1_ v减少 2_ n志愿者 v自愿做，义务做 3_ v(吸着气)嗅，闻 4_ n波浪 v挥手；摆动 5_ adv.在头上方 6_ n& v轻拍，轻敲 7_ v小声说；私下说 8_ v咬,reduce,volunteer,sniff,wave,overhead,tap,whisper,bite,9_ vt.分析analysis n分析 10_ vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认recognition n辨认出，承认 11_ n谜，疑问 vt.迷惑，使困惑puzzled adj.迷惑的puzzli
2、ng adj.令人困惑的 12_ vt.忽视；对不予理会ignorance n无知；愚昧；不知ignorant adj.愚昧的，无知的 13_ n距离；远处distant adj.遥远的；远隔的；远亲的 14_ n三角形；三角形物体angle n角，角度,analyse,recognize,puzzle,ignore,distance,triangle,15_ n套装 vt.适合，满足需要suitable adj.适合的 16_ vt.使连在一起，把附在上；认为重要attachment n附件；连接物；依恋；爱慕 17_ n缺陷；伤残disable vt.使丧失能力；使伤残disabled a
3、dj.有残疾的 18_ adj.抱有希望的hopefully adv.有希望地，有指望地hope n& vt.希望；期望；盼望,suit,attach,disability,hopeful,.核心短语 1_ 在某些情况下，有时候 2_ 和有联系，和有关 3_ 省去，遗漏 4_ 充分利用 5_ 而不，非 6_ 突然 7_ (铃声、枪声等)突然响起，发出响亮的声音,in some cases,be related to,leave out,make the most of,rather than,all of a sudden(suddenlyall at once),ring out,8be l
4、inked to _ 9in the distance _ 10set sail for _ 11make progress _ 12work out _ 13apply.to _,与相连，与有关,在远处,起航驶往,取得进步,制订；计算,把应用于,.经典句式 1The possibility _has recently been suggested by new research.,近来新的研究表明，怡人的气味可能会减轻疼痛。,2Since _ strong smells can affect the senses，volunteers were required not to eat or
5、drink for eight hours before the experiment.,由于人们相信强烈的气味会影响感官，志愿者们被要求在试验前八小时内不得进食和饮水。,that pleasant smells might reduce pain,it is believed that,3There was _ I could hardly see.,如此糟糕的暴风雪让我几乎看不见什么东西。,such a terrible snowstorm that,1.reduce vt.& vi.减少，减轻，降低,The possibility that pleasant smells might r
6、educe pain has recently been suggested by new research.(教材P9) 近来新的研究表明，怡人的气味可能会减轻疼痛。 (1)reduce to 减少到(表示结果) reduce by 减少了(表示幅度) reduce sth from.to. 把某物从减少到 reduce sb to doing sth迫使某人做某事；使某人沦落到做某事的地步 (2)reduction n. 减少；降低，减轻,The illness reduced the population _ half of its previous level. 这场疾病使得人口减少到
7、先前的一半。 Railway fares are reduced _ half for children. 铁路票价对儿童减半。 He was reduced to _(beg)all day after he was fired by his boss. 在被他的老板开除以后，他沦落到整天乞讨的地步。,to,by,begging,2.volunteer vt.& vi.自愿做，义务做n.志愿者,.volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.(教材P9) 志愿者们被要求在试
8、验前八小时内不得进食和饮水。 (1)volunteer sth 自愿提供，自愿给予 volunteer to do sth 自愿干某事 volunteer for 自愿参加 volunteer as/to be 自愿成为 (2)voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的，主动的,Two men volunteered _ the missing climber. 两个人自告奋勇去寻找那位失踪的登山者。 When she retired，she did a lot of _ work for the Red Cross. 她退休后为红十字会做了大量的志愿工作。 He volunteered _
9、 a teacher in Tibet. 他自愿在西藏当一名教师。,to search for,voluntary,as/to be,3.recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认,One explanation is that womens sense of smell is better developed than that of men，and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies.(教材P9) 一种解释是：女人的嗅觉比男人的嗅觉发育得更好，且与识别婴儿的体味有关。 (1)recognize.as/to be. 承认
10、是 recognizethat从句 承认，意识到 be recognized as/to be 被公认为 (2)recognition n. 认识，认出；承认,_(recognize)the problem，we worked out a plan at once. 意识到了问题，我们马上制订了计划。 He recognized _ he had made mistakes. 他承认自己犯了错误。 The Mona Lisa is widely recognized _ the most famous painting in the history of art. 蒙娜丽莎被公认为艺术史上最著
11、名的画。 名师点津 表示“认为，把看作”的词组还有： regard.as/to be. consider.as/to be. think of.as.,Having recognized,that,as/to be,4.puzzle n谜，疑问；难题vt.迷惑，使困惑,However，why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men remains a puzzle for scientists.(教材P9) 然而，为什么令人愉快的气味不能减轻男士的痛苦对科学家们来说仍然是个谜。 (1)be a puzzle to sb 是令某人费解的事/难题 be
12、in a puzzle about. 对困惑不解 (2)puzzled adj. 困惑的，无法理解的 be puzzled about sth 对某事感到困惑不解 (3)puzzling adj. 令人困惑的,I have in mind some doubts which really puzzle me. 我心中有一些疑团，百思不得其解。 It is a puzzle to me how he could come here. 我不知他是怎么到这里来的。 The more he explained，the more we were _(puzzle) 他愈解释，我们愈糊涂。,puzzled
13、,5.ignore vt.忽视；对不予理会,It is added that while our sense of sight is used too much，our senses of touch and smell have been ignored.(教材P11) 研究补充说，当我们的视觉被用得太多时，我们的触觉和嗅觉一直被忽视。 (1)ignore sb/sth 不理睬/忽视某人/某物 (2)ignorance n. 无知；愚昧 in ignorance of. 对无知 (3)ignorant adj. 无知的；无学识的；愚昧的 be ignorant that 不知道 be ign
14、orant of/about sth 不知道某事,I approached her and wanted to greet her，but she just ignored me. 我走近她，想向她打招呼，但是她根本不理睬我。 Let yourself stay _(ignore)of things you dont need to know. 不需要你知道的事情，就别去理会。 He was _ entire ignorance of what was being done. 他完全不知道正在进行中的事。,ignorant,in,语境串记 He ignores the doctors advi
15、ce，so he is in ignorance of his serious illness now；that is to say，he is ignorant that he is in danger now. 他不理睬医生的忠告，所以现在他不知道自己的病情很严重，也就是说，他不知道自己现在处于危险中。,6.distance n远处；距离；冷淡；疏远,In the distance I could hear thunder and see lightning coming.(教材P12) 我能听到远方传来的雷声，能看见闪闪的雷电。 (1)in the distance 在远处，在远方 at
16、 a distance of. 在远的地方 at/from a distance 在稍远处，隔一段距离 keep sb at a distance 与某人保持距离，不与某人接近 keep ones distance(from) (与)保持一定距离 (2)distant adj. 遥远的，远方的,They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance. 他们看火车直到它消失在远处。 He watched the first bombing _. 他从远处观看了第一个爆炸。 It is difficult to get to know
17、 her because she always keeps everyone at a distance. 要了解她很难，她老是对每个人都保持一定距离。,from a distance,7.suit n套装，一套外衣vt.适合，适宜，满足需要,It was a man in a metal suit.(教材P15) 那是一位穿着金属套装的男士。 (1)suit.to. 使适合 suit oneself 随自己的意愿，自便 (2)suitable adj. 适合的，适宜的 be suitable for 适合 The climate here suits me very well. 这儿的气候非
18、常适合我。 This programme is not suitable for/to children. 这个节目不适合孩子们。,易混辨析 suit/fit/match,即学即用 选用上述单词填空 This dress doesnt _ me.Have you got another style? This dress doesnt _ me.Have you got a larger size? Her clothes do not _ her age.,suit,fit,match,8.attach vt.使连在一起；把附在上；使依附，使依恋；认为重要,During the operat
19、ion，Mr Liu had a new hand attached.(教材P16) 在手术过程中，刘先生被安上了一只新的手。 attach A to B 把A连接到B上，把A贴到B上 attach importance/significance (to.) 重视；认为重要/有意义 be attached to. 被连接到上；喜欢，爱慕；附属于,I attached a photo to my application form. 我在申请表上贴了一张照片。 People attach too much importance _ economic forecasts. 人们把经济预测看得过于重要
20、。 The hospital _(attach)to the medical university. 这所医院附属于这所医科大学。,to,is attached,1.be related to和相关，和有联系,Scientists are interested in whether the sense of smell is related to pain.(教材P9) 科学家们对嗅觉是否与疼痛有关感兴趣。 (1)relate vt. 使有联系；叙述vi. 有联系；涉及 relate.to/with 把和联系起来 relate to. 与有关；涉及，有关 relate.to. 向叙述；把和联系
21、起来 (2)related adj. 相关的，有联系的 relative adj. 有关系的，相对的 relation n. 关系，联系；叙述；亲属关系,Light industry is closely related to agriculture. 轻工业和农业密切相关。 Can you relate what happened in your childhood _ your present state of mind? 你能把你童年的遭遇同目前的心境联系起来吗？ Economic reform has brought _(relate)wealth to peasant farmers
22、. 经济改革给农民带来了相应的财富。 名师点津 表示“与有关”的短语还有： be connected with have something to do with be linked to,to/with,relative,2.make the most of充分利用,Scientists observe that making the most of our senses when we are young can keep us healthy later on in life.(教材P11) 科学家们评论说年轻时充分利用我们的感官，能使我们在以后的生活中保持健康。 make full u
23、se of 充分利用 make good use of 好好利用 make the best of 充分利用,We must make the most of the resources in the area. 我们必须充分利用这个地区的资源。 We should make the best of our opportunities to speak English. 我们应该充分利用机会讲英语。 The boss insisted that every minute _(make) full use of _(do) the work well. 老板坚持认为为了把工作做好，应充分利用每一
24、分钟。,(should) be made,to do,3.rather than而不是；与其说倒不如说,While having dinner，listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch television.(教材P11) 吃饭时听一些好听的音乐而不是看电视。 (1)A rather than B A而不是B；与其说是B，不如说是A rather than do/doing不愿做 (2)rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词与其前的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,(3)would rather do.than do. 宁愿做而不愿做
25、would do.rather than do. 宁愿做而不愿做 prefer to do.rather than do. 宁愿做而不愿做 She enjoys singing rather than _(dance) 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 I would rather do some reading at home than go shopping with them. 与其和他们去购物，我倒宁愿留在家里读点书。 You rather than I _(be)going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去野营。,dancing,are,4.work out锻炼身体；制订；计
26、算，算出；弄清楚；找到的答案，解决；结果是,Mr Lius doctor has worked out a safe treatment plan for him.(教材P16) 刘先生的医生已为他制订出一个安全的治疗方案。 一词多义 写出下列句子中work out的汉语意思 I work out regularly to keep fit._ Things worked out quite well._ I have worked out the maths problem._ The general worked out a new plan of attack._,锻炼身体,结果是,计算
27、出,制订,“动词out”短语小聚： break out 爆发 try out 试用，试验 turn out 结果是；生产 give out 散发；分发；用完 hand out 分配；散发 It _ that I knew the person who got shot. 结果发现我认识那个中枪的人。 I dont think this project should be tried out in such a hurry. 我认为这个项目不应该如此匆忙地进行试验。,turned out,1Since it is believed that strong smells can affect th
28、e senses，volunteers were required not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment.(教材P9),由于人们相信强烈的气味会影响感官，志愿者们被要求在试验前八个小时之内不得进食和饮水。 本句中it is believed that意为“人们相信”。它属于“it be过去分词that.”结构。其中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。 (1)It is said/reported/believed/suggested.that. 据说/据报道/据信/据建议 (2)People say/repor
29、t/believe.that. 人们说/报道/相信 (3)Sth/Sbbe过去分词不定式 某事或某人被,It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人们普遍相信教学和科学一样也是一门艺术。 It is said that greenhouse gases are the main cause of global warming. Greenhouse gases are said _(be)the main cause of global warming. _ greenhouse g
30、ases are the main cause of global warming. 据说温室气体是全球变暖的主要原因。 _Smith take over the work. 有人建议史密斯接替这项工作。,to be,People say that,It is suggested that,2There was such a terrible snowstorm that I could hardly see.(教材P11),such fine weather,Such a nice man _ seem that we all believed him. 他像个很和蔼的人，所以我们都相信他。
31、 So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好待在家里。,did he,3He was outgoing and very interesting to listen to.(教材P12),他非常外向而且听他讲故事非常有意思。 该句子是“主语be形容词不定式”结构，在这个结构中，不定式常与句中的主语构成动宾关系，该不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。在该结构中，动词必须是及物动词；若是不及物动词，要在该动词后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。常用于此句型的形容词有difficult，easy，hard，light，h
32、eavy，comfortable，interesting，dangerous，pleasant等。 The problem is _. 这个问题很难处理。,difficult to deal with,The sentence is easy to translate. 这个句子很容易翻译。 The river is _. 在这条河里面游泳很危险。 The chair _. 这椅子坐着挺舒服。 I am not a person who is hard to get along with. 我不是一个难以相处的人。,dangerous to swim in,is comfortable to
33、sit on,4Now hes no longer hungry，nor am I！(教材P14),现在他不再饿了，我也不再饿了！ 句中的nor am I为倒装结构，表示前面所说的情况“no longer hungry”也适用于“我”。 (1)so，nor和neither常用于“so/neither/nordo/be/have主语”这种句式，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或物。前面是肯定的句式，用so；前面是否定的句式，用nor或neither。 (2)当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语或是既有肯定又有否定形式时，要表示相同情况，必须使用句型So it is with.或It is the
34、same with.，不能使用so或neither/nor引起的倒装句。此句型可用于肯定句也可用于否定句，陈述两种或两种以上的情况。,Id like to go outing with you，but I have an important meeting to attend. If you dont go，nor will I. 我想和你一起去郊游，但我有一个重要的会议要参加。 如果你不去，那我也不去了。 Bill wasnt happy about the report by Jason, and _ 比尔对杰森的报告不高兴，我也不高兴。,neither was I,Tom was born in China, but he cant speak Chinese._ _. 汤姆出生在中国，但是他不会说汉语。他的妹妹也是这样。 Times have changed；_ 时代变了，我也变了。 Julia likes playing the piano，but she cant play it well. _ Marala. 朱莉娅喜欢弹钢琴，但是弹不好。 玛瑞拉也是这样。,So it is with his sister./It is the,same with his sister,so have I,So it is with,
