1、Unit 2 Language,导读：Traveling Light是一首很轻松的音乐，思绪在飘渺的旋律中尽情地遨游，往事在悠悠的曲子里隐现。,听歌学英语Fill in the blanks after listening to the song.,Traveling Light Well I was doubling over the load _ Was a weight I carried with me every day Crossing miles of frustrations and rivers a raging _ stones I found along the way
2、I staggered and I stumbled down Pathways of trouble I was hauling those souvenirs of misery And with each step taken my back was breaking Till I found the one who took it all from me,on my shoulders,Picking up,Down by the riverside (Down by the riverside) I laid my burdens down， Now Im traveling lig
3、ht My spirit lifted high (I found my freedom now) _ now And Im traveling light Through the darkest alleys and loneliest valleys I was dragging those heavy chains of _ Then with the one word spoken the locks were broken,I found my freedom,doubt and fear,Now hes leading me to places Where _ Down by th
4、e riverside (Down by the riverside) I laid my burdens down， Now Im traveling light My spirit lifted high (I found my freedom now) I found my freedom now And Im traveling light,there are no tears,轻装前行 似乎有双倍的压力和重担压在我的肩上 感觉自己每日在负重前行 走过挫折的道路，穿越伤痛的河流 不断俯拾路旁的卵石 我摇晃着，坎坷前行 眼前是充满烦恼的路 我用力地拖曳着这些负重和痛苦 并且每一步都感觉后
5、背要被压垮 直到我发现了他,卸下了我全部的负重 走在河滩上 缷下了我全部的负重 现在我轻装前行 我的精神在升腾 我终于找到了自由 我轻装前行 在最黑暗的 隧道和孤独的山谷里 我曾背负那些沉重的锁链 充满不安和恐惧,可现在一句简单的话，锁链已打开 他引导我来到了再也不要 流泪的地方 走在河滩上 卸下了我全部的负重 现在我轻装前行 我的精神在升腾 我终于找到了自由 我轻装前行,导航知素养A guide to the unit,Part Welcome to the unit & Reading,.重点单词 1_ n词汇 2_ adv.现在，如今 3_ vi.组成，构成 4_ vt.击败，战胜 5_
6、 adj.完全的，整个的 6_ vt.养育，培养；举起，增加；提及 7_ adv.因此，所以,vocabulary,nowadays,consist,defeat,entire,raise,therefore,8_ n过程；进程 9_ vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)occupation n占领，占用；职业 10_ n混合，混合体mix vt.混合，搅拌 11_ adj.官方的，正式的officially adv.官方地，正式地officer n军官，政府官员 12_ n贡献，促成因素；捐献contribute v贡献 13_ vt.替换，代替，取代replacement n代替，更换,14_
7、 n区别，差别distinct adj.明显不同的，不同种类的；清晰的distinctive adj.与众不同的 15_ n拼写spell v拼写,process,occupy,mixture,official,contribution,replace,distinction,spelling,.核心短语 1_ 由组成(构成) 2_ 以命名 3_ 除之外 4_ 控制，取得对的控制 5lead to _ 6make contributions to _ 7go through _ 8keep on _ 9replace.with. _,be made up of/consist of,name
8、after,aside from,take control of,导致,对做出贡献,经历,持续，继续,用替代,.经典句式 1_ English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.,那就是为什么英语有如此多令人困惑不解的规则。,2_the Normans spoke French for the entire 250 years they ruled England，French did not replace English as the first language.,尽管诺曼人在统治英格兰的整整250年间一直讲法语，但是法语并没
9、有取代英语成为第一语言。,That is why,Even though,3After the Norman Conquest，high-class people spoke French _.,诺曼征服后，上层社会的人说法语，而普通人则说英语。,while common people,spoke English,1.联想记单词,前缀re-表示“再，重新”，重新安排(place)就是“取代”replace vt.取代，代替 在历史上的某个阶段(phase)，这些“短语”(phrase)没有被广泛使用phrase n词组，短语 否定(de-)对手的业绩(feat)就意味着把对方“打败”(defe
10、at)了defeat vt.击败，战胜,2.名词后缀：-tion,contribute v捐赠，捐助；增进contribution n贡献，促成因素，捐赠,3.合成词,main(主要的)land(陆地)mainland n大陆 high(高的)class(阶级，等级)high-class adj.上层社会的,原文呈现,English and its history All through history，people from many different countries and cultures have lived together in Britain.The English lan
11、guage is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to BritainThat is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.,Old English Old English is very different from the English we speak nowadays.In fact，we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.Before th
12、e middle of the 5th century，people in Britain all spoke a language called CelticThen two Germanic groups from the European mainlandthe Angles and the Saxonsoccupied Britain.Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.(Both the English language and the English people are named after the Ang
13、les；the word Angle was spelt Engle in Old English.)Aside from place names such as London，very few Celtic words became part of Old English.At the end of the 9th century，the Vikings，people from Northern European countries such as Denmark and Norway，began to move to Britain.They brought with them their
14、 languages，which also mixed with Old EnglishBy the 10th century，Old English had become the official language of England.,all through一直，从来就 be made up of由组成/构成 make up编造；构成；弥补(for)；和解；化妆 vocabulary/vkbjlrI/n.词汇 these people brought to Britain是定语从句，修饰先行词the grammar and vocabulary，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。 be
15、 different from.与不同 we speak nowadays是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the English。,阅读清障,nowadays/nadeIz/adv.现在，如今 in fact事实上 过去分词短语called Celtic作后置定语，修饰a language。 Celtic/keltIk/n.凯尔特语 Germanic/dmnIk/adj.日耳曼语(族)的 mainland/meInlnd/n.大陆 Angle/l/n.盎格鲁人 Saxon/sksn/n.撒克逊人 occupy/kjpaI/vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等) consist
16、 of由组成/构成(be made up of)，无被动语态。 consist/knsIst/vi.组成，构成,mixture/mIkst(r)/n.混合，混合体 name after以命名 aside from除之外 aside/saId/adv.除之外 at the end of.在末 Viking/vaIkI/n.维京人，北欧海盗 people from.and Norway是the Vikings的同位语。 which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰languages。 official/fIl/adj.官方的，正式的 phrase/freIz/n.词组，短语 This is because
17、.“这是因为”，because引导表语从句，其后接表示原因的句子。其中介词短语from different languages作定语，修饰words and phrases。,It is certain that.“可以肯定的是”；it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句。,ACall me! BThumbs down! CApplause! DVictory/Win! EThumbs up! FOK!,Step 1 Lead-in,Match the following pictures with the meaning of the sign language.,答案 1.E 2.B 3.
18、D 4.F 5.A 6.C,Step 2 Factual reading,Skim the text and then decide whether they are true(T) or false (F) 1We would be able to communicate with the people who spoke Celtic.( ) 2Old English didnt become the official language of English until the 10th century.( ) 3The Norman Conquest caused old English
19、 to replace Celtic.( ) 4Most of words for the meats of animals came from old English.( ) 5English has many Latin and Greek words in the 16th century.( ),F,T,F,F,T,Step 3 Fill in the blanks with only one word according to the text.,Celtic,9th,official,conquered/defeated,control,latter,England,English
20、,Renaissance,Modern,1In 1399, Henry became King of England and used English for all official occasions. 2By the 10th century, Old English was the official language of England. 3During the Renaissance in the 16th century Modern English began. 4By the latter half of the 14th century English was adopte
21、d by all classes in England. 5Before the middle of the 5th century, people in Britain all spoke a language called Celtic. 6In 1066, the Normans conquered England and took control of the country. 7At the end of the 9th century, the Vikings invaded Britain and brought their languages.,Step 4 Further r
22、eading .Read the text again and number these events in the correct order.,答案 5726413,AThe Celts. BThe Angles. CThe Saxons. DThe Vikings.,.Read the text and choose the best answer. 1Which of the people played the least part in Old English?,答案 A,AThe borrowing from other languages. BThe mixing of diff
23、erent languages from different countries. CThe invasions. DAll of the above.,2What is the main reason for Englishs development?,答案 D,3The base of Old English is _,ACeltic BAnglo-Saxon Cthe languages of Denmark and Norway DAnglo-Saxon mixed with the languages of Denmark and Norway,答案 B,4According to
24、the text，we can infer “the Renaissance” resulted in the changes of _ in English.,Avocabulary Bpronunciation Cspelling Daccent,答案 A,5The text mainly tells us _,Awhen English began to change Bwhen English began to come into use Chow English will change in the future Dhow English changed throughout its
25、 history,答案 D,.Analyse the following difficult sentences in the text. 1When we speak English today，we sometimes feel puzzled about which words or phrases to use.,句式分析,现在，当我们在讲英语时，我们有时会对用哪些单词或短语感到困惑。,2The most important contribution was from the Normans，a Frenchspeaking people who defeated England an
26、d took control of the country in 1066.,句式分析,最重要的贡献来自讲法语的诺曼人，他们于1066年击败英格兰并控,制这个国家。,3The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.,句式分析主干句为：The question is easy to answer。句中is easy to answer为不定式的主动形式表被动意义，其结构为：主语beadj.to do，to do不定式与主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。whether引导宾语从句
27、。,将来英语是否会持续变化的这一问题是容易回答的。,Discussion：Please list several examples to prove how the Internet has an effect on the English language.,Step 5 Group work,答案 With the development of the Internet, the netizens created some Internet expressions, of which “My heart was pricked, Laotie”(扎心了，老铁), lash out or b
28、ash，slam，spar (怼) are the hottest phrases.,1.occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；居住；使忙碌,Then two Germanic groups from the European mainlandthe Angles and the Saxonsoccupied Britain.(教材P22) 然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族盎格鲁人和撒克逊人占领了不列颠。,Mrs Green occupies _(she) in looking after her three children. Mrs Green is occupied _ lo
29、oking after her three children. 格林夫人忙于照料她的三个孩子。 It is good manners not to disturb others when they are occupied _ their work. 别人忙于工作时，不要去打扰他们，这是一种礼貌。 _(occupy)in a very important experiment, he would not attend the party. 由于忙于一个非常重要的实验，他不能参加这次聚会。,herself/her,in,with,Occupied,2.official adj.官方的，正式的 n
30、.官员，公务员,By the 10th century，Old English had become the official language of England.(教材P22) 到公元10世纪，古英语已成了英国的官方语言。 (1)official adj. 官方的，正式的n. 官员，公务员 official language 官方语言 (2)office n. 办公室；办事处；职务 officer n. 工作人员；公务员；军官,You have to get official permission to build a new house. 你要盖新房必须得到正式的许可。 An _(of
31、fice) of the local government called to see him. 一位当地政府官员来看望他。 The matter was passed on to me, as your commanding _(office) 作为你的指挥官，这件事转到了我这里。,official,officer,易混辨析 official/officer,即学即用 选用上述单词填空 His father is an _ in the army. The President and the Secretary of State are government _,officer,offici
32、als,3.contribution n贡献，促成因素；捐赠,The most important contribution was from the Normans，a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.(教材P22) 最大的贡献来自讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年击败了英格兰并控制了这个国家。 (1)make a contribution to 为做出贡献 make great contributions to 对有很大贡献 (2)contribute v.
33、 贡献；捐助；投稿 contribute to 有助于，导致 contribute.to. 给捐款；向投稿,He made a very positive contribution to the success of the project. 他对这项工程的成功做了积极的贡献。 She has contributed several poems to magazines. 她给杂志投了几篇诗稿。 Riding bikes not only contributes to _(keep)fit，but also produces no pollutants. 骑车不仅有益于保持健康，而且无污染。,
34、keeping,语境串记 Many people contributed money to the Hope Project，which contributed to many childrens coming back to school.A reporter was so deeply moved by these kind people that she wrote a report and contributed it to a newspaper. 许多人都为希望工程捐款，这使得很多孩子能够重返校园读书。一位记者被这些善良的人深深感动了，便写了一篇报道并投到了报社。,4.defeat
35、 vt.击败，战胜 n击败，失败,The most important contribution was from the Normans，a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.(教材P22) 最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们于1066年击败英格兰并控制了这个国家。 be defeated in 在中被打败了/输了 admit defeat 承认被击败,They never admitted defeat in the face of difficultie
36、s. 在困难面前他们从未低头。 They _(defeat) in the football match. 他们在足球比赛中输了。,were defeated,即学即用 选用上述单词填空 Im sure that he will _ the game. Iraq army was quickly _ by America in 2003. I could always _ my brother at chess.,易混辨析 defeat/beat/win,win,defeated,beat,5.replace vt.取代，代替，替换；把放回原处,Machines have replaced h
37、uman labour in many industries. 在许多行业中，机器已经替代了人力。 Teachers will never _(replace)by computers in class. 课堂上，电脑将永远不会取代老师。 Nowadays many factories have replaced most of their workers _ robots. 现在很多工厂用机器人代替了它们的大多数工人。,be replaced,with/by,6.raise vt.养育，培养；举起；唤起；提高；增加；使出现；筹集；提及；饲养；种植,Therefore，the words we
38、 use for most animals raised for food，such as cow，sheep and pig，came from Old English.(教材P23) 因此，我们所使用的大多数表示专为肉食而饲养的动物的单词，如“cow”、“sheep”和“pig”，都来自于古英语。 一词多义 写出下列句子中raise的汉语意思 The farmer raises chickens and corn._ They were both raised in the south._ They are raising funds to help the needy youngster
39、s._ He did not raise the subject again._ He raised his hand in greeting._ Pollution can also raise a persons risk of cancer._,饲养；种植,养育,筹集,提出，提及,举起,增加,1.be made up of由组成(构成),The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.(教材P22) 英语就是由这些人带到不列颠的语法和词汇构成的。 m
40、ake up 构成，占；化妆，打扮；编造，虚构 make up for 弥补，补偿 The club is made up of more than 200 members. 这个俱乐部由二百多名成员组成。 You will have to make up _ all the things you have missed. 你必须补上所有你错过的东西。,for,名师点津 be made up of表示简单的组合；be made of表示“(成品)由(原料)制成”，一般侧重能看出原材料；be made from表示“(成品)由(原料)制成”，一般侧重看不出原材料；be made into表示“(
41、原材料)被制成”。 As we all know，paper is made _ wood. 众所周知，纸是由木材制成的。 语境串记 Our class is made up of forty students.Some girls in our class like making up so much that they are often late for classes.When our teachers ask，they usually make up excuses for it. 我们班由40名学生组成。班里一些女生很喜欢化妆以至于经常迟到。当老师们问时，她们常编造借口应对。,fr
42、om,2.consist of由组成(构成),Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.(教材P22) 古英语是由他们语言的混合体组成的。 consist in 在于，存在于 consist with 与一致 The UK.consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 英国由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成。 Its a mixture _(consist)of oil and vinegar. 那是一种油和醋的混合物。,consisting,Happiness consists _ co
43、ntentment. 知足常乐。 名师点津 consist of与be made up of同义；由consist组成的几个短语虽然都具有及物性，但是不能用于被动语态和进行时态。,in,3.name after.以命名,Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles；the word Angle was spelt Engle in Old English.(教材P22) 英语和英国人都是由盎格鲁人命名的；Angle这个词在古英语里拼写成Engle。 (1)name.as/for. 提名为；
44、任命为 (2)call sb names 辱骂某人 by the name of 名叫 in the name of 以的名义；凭的权威 under the name of 用的名字 (3)namely adv. 即，也就是,This is Zhongshan Park，which is named after Dr.Sun YatSen. 这是中山公园，它是以孙中山先生的名字命名的。 Mr Michael has been named _ the new chairman. 迈克尔先生被任命为新的主席。 No country should invade others _ anything.
45、任何国家都不应以任何名义侵略他国。 名师点津 表示“也就是”的词或短语还有： that is to say也就是说；换言之 in other words换句话说 to put it from another way/angle换个角度说,as/for,in the name of,4.aside from(apart from)除之外(还有),Aside from place names such as London，very few Celtic words became part of Old English.(教材P22) 除了像“伦敦”这样的地名之外，极少数的凯尔特单词成了古英语的一部
46、分。 Aside from being praised，he received a lot of money. 除了获得表扬之外，他还得到一大笔金钱。 She usually goes to work by bike _ on rainy days. 除了雨天之外，她通常骑自行车上班。,aside from,易混辨析 aside from/except/except for/besides,即学即用 选用上述词语填空 _ that little problem，the day was perfect. 除了那个小问题外，那天过得好极了。 We work every day _ Sunday. 我们除星期天外每天都工作。 _ one old lady，the bus was empty. 除了一位老太太，公共汽车上没有别的乘客。 _ working as a doctor，he also writes novels in his spare time. 除了当医生之外，他还在业余时间写小说。,
