1、1 页河南省开封高级中学等中原名校 2015 届高三上学期第一次摸底考试英语试卷（解析版）【试卷综评】试卷以新课标为指导，从学什么，考什么的原则出发，遵循 “题在书中”，既重基 础又注重综合能力的提高。本套试卷具有很好的区分度，即全面考查考生的基础知识与技能，又考查学生分析问题，解决问题的能力， 测试效果较为明显。 阅读理解中的推理判断题，主旨大意题仍然是学生的薄弱环节，应重点练习。做完型填空时，注意整体上把握文章大意。 书面表达以提纲形式出现，即给出一定的提示内容，又要考生根据提示内容进行适当的发挥，从而有效考查考生的书面表达能力；总之，本次期末试卷难度适中，是一份质量较高的试卷。编审：联谊
2、会英语命题工作组 责任学校：漯河高中（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分）第 I 卷注意事项：1.答第一卷前，考生务必将条形码或自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对痘题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选埙，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【题文】ADear HighlightsAsk a question!E-mail it to
3、 LettersH. Gift GivingIm going to China and everyone in my class is asking me to buy them something. What should I do?Reply from the Highlights EditorsYour classmates are probably just excited about your trip. Most likely they dont expect you to buy gifts for everyone. Sending a few postcards to the
4、 entire class during your trip would be a wonderful wav to share your 2 页experiences. The pictures on the cards and your words of description will be the best gift of all. .Dog BeggingMy dog always begs for food at the dinner table. I really want to feed him, but my mom says l cant. Im afraid he won
5、t like me anymore. What should I do? Reply from the Highlights EditorsYour doe loves you for many more reasons than just for what you feed him. You can show him that you care about him by playing With him. by petting him and speaking kindly to him and by making sure he has fresh water. It might be b
6、est if your dog is not near the dinner table while you are eating. You could teach him to Stay in another room.Being Bilingual (会说双语的 )My aunt insists that we speak our language (Tagalog) at home and English outside the house. Do you think she is right? Reply from the Highlights Editors .It is a gre
7、at gift to have someone in your family who is willing to take the time to teach you another language. Its a good way to keep family traditions alive, and it helps. to develop your language skills. Your ability to use both English and Tagalog will help you learn a third and fourthlanguage later in li
8、fe. So it sounds like a great idea!1. The Highlights editors suggest the student who is going to China_A. send postcards as the gifts to the classB. give each classmate a picture as a giftC. buy gifts for some of the classmatesD. make phone calls to all the classmates2. According to the Highlights e
9、ditors, if your dog begs for food at the dinner table, youd betterA. feed him immediately B. speak loudly to himC. provide him with fresh water D. teach him to stay in another room 3. What is the Highlights editors attitude towards being bilingual?A. Opposed B. Tolerant C. Supportive D. Doubtful4. T
10、he Highlights editors give the replies to _A. show their readers how to write a good storyB. offer their readers advice on personal problemsC. help their readers to solve problems in writing3 页D. tell their readers about their interesting work【答案】 【知识点】C7 社会生活类【文章综述】本文是编辑对于不同的人提出问题的回应。 【答案解析】1.A 细节理
11、解题。根据第二段提到 Sending a few postcards to the entire class during your trip would be a wonderful wav to share your experiences 可知建议他买些旅行中的卡片来与同学分享经历，故选 A 项。2.D 细节理解题。根据第四段提到 You could teach him to Stay in another room 可知选 D 项。3.C 细节理解题。根据第六段提到 Your ability to use both English and Tagalog will help you l
12、earn a third and fourth 你会说双语的这种能力会有助于你学习更多的语言，故是支持的，所以选 C 项。4.B 推断题。本文主要有三封求助信，分别就不同的问题进行提问，而编辑也给出的相应的回答，故选 B项。【题文】 BAlbert Szent-Gyorgyi was born in Budapest on September 16, 1893. In 1911 he entered his uncles laboratory where he studied until the outbreak of World War I when he was mobilized. He
13、 served on the Italian and Russian fronts, and he was discharged（准许离开） in 1917 after being wounded in action. He completed his studies in Budapest before he went to Hamburg for atwo-year course in physical chemistry. In 1920 he became an assistant at a university in Leiden. The Netherlands and from
14、1922 t0 1926 he worked with H. J. Hamburger at the Physiology（生理学）Institute, Groningen, the Netherlands. -In 1926. Szent-Gyorgyi was ready to end his own life after an embarrassing problem in hiscareer. The scientist, thirty-two. had written a paper and handed it to his boss for approval t。publish.
15、His boss threw it in the dustbin. Concluding his life was a failure. the young researcherquit. Unable to support his wife and child. he sent them home to her parents. His final wish was toattend one last scientific meeting. to be among scientists, to have one last good time. So he went tothe 1926 In
16、ternational Physiological Society Congress in Sweden.Sitting in the audience. lost in self-pity, Szent-Gyorgyi listened to the president of the society, Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins, refer to the fine work of a researcher: Szent-Gyorgyi! After the speech. collecting his courage, he introduced himse
17、lf to Hopkins. The great man invited the young scientist to Cambridge to do further work.Szent-Gyorgyis life changed. He discovered the oxidation-preventing (防院氧化的) action of vitamin C. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He accounted for his success by saying that discovery is
18、 seeing what everyone else has seen but thinking what nobody else has thought.4 页5. Which of the following is the correct order of the events relevant to Szent-Gyorgyi?a finished his studies in Budapest b. served during WWIc. worked with Hopkins d. studied in HamburgA. b. c.a. d B. b. a d. c C. a c.
19、 d. b D. a b. d. c6. Why did Szent-Gyorgyi want to end his own life in 1926?A. His pride was hurt by his bossB. He was not satisfied with his paper C. He couldnt support his wife and childD. His boss stopped him attending a conference7. What inspired Szent-Gyorgyi to continue with his research work?
20、A The great labs in Cambridge B. Winning the Nobel PrizeC. The publication of his work D. Hopkins praise8. The text is organized in the pattern of_A cause and effect B. comparison and contrastC. time and events D. definition and classification【答案】 【知识点】C1 人物传记类【文章综述】文章介绍了爱因斯坦的生平事迹，他的工作学习，包括人生的低谷和后来的
21、成就 【答案解析】1.B 排序题：从文章的第一段可知事件发生的顺序：b. served during World War One-a. finished his studies in Budapest -d. studied in Hamburg -c. worked with Hopkins 选 B。2.A 细节理解题。从第二段的句子： In 1926, Szent-Gyorgyi was ready to end his own life after an embarrassing problem in his career. The scientist, thirty-two, had
22、written a paper and handed it to his boss for approval to publish. His boss threw it in the dustbin.可知他的自尊被老板伤害了。选 A7.D 细节理解题。根据第三段提到 collecting his courage, he introduced himself to Hopkins. The great man invited the young scientist to Cambridge to do further work 可知他鼓起勇气，向 Hopkins 介绍了自己，这个伟人邀请这位年轻
23、的科学家去 Cambridge 做进一步的工作，故故选 D 项。8.C 写作手法题：文章是以故事发展的时间和事件来写的。选 C 【题文】CWild animal encounters arent rare in southern Idaho, but one type stands out as especially special. Almost everyone who has lived in Magic Valley has had close encounters with a skunk-a black and white animal with relatively short.
24、 well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging, which gives off an unpleasant smelling 5 页liquid if it is frightened or attacked.The struggle against skunks is nothing new. Twin Falls resident Dennis Haynes remembers an encounter when he worked in the police office. One afternoon he noticed a b
25、aby skunk, cute enough and kittenlike, wandering into his office through an open door. He quickly caught the baby. and then decided to take it home to surprise his wife and daughters. His wife wouldnt let him into the house with the skunk which bit his finger after his barking dog frightened it. He
26、took it to his sisters where they put it in a basket. When Haynes tried to stop the skunk from escaping. it spurted his uniform and shoes. His uniform smelt so bad that he buried it in his backyard under a foot of dirt.Sounds annoying? In fact. skunks are reluctant to use this weapon, as they carry
27、just enough of the chemical for five or six uses - about 15 cc- and require some ten days to produce another supply. Skunks tend to be very friendly. loving. entertaining and playful, that is. quitemild-tempered. and only defend themselves only when cornered or attacked. Whats more. Skunks are also
28、beneficial to fanners. gardeners. and landowners because they feed on large numbers of agricultural and garden pests.9. In southern Idaho, skunks are_.A. common B. well-protected C. rare animals . D. dying out10. Haynes buried his uniform in his backyard because_A. His uniform was broken into pieces
29、 B It is difficult to get rid of the skunks smellC. He was afraid of being blamed by his leaderD. The smell from the skunk would probably spread disease11. What do we know about skunks according to the passage?A. Skunks are easy to attack peopleB. Skunks usually use his back legs to dig C. Skunks ca
30、n easily deal with as many as ten enemies onceD. Skunks are popular with local farmers . gardeners and landowners12. The underlined expression “spurted“ (paragraph 3) probably means_ .A. bit B. kicked C. sprayed D. felt【答案】 【知识点】C8 科普知识类【文章综述】本文介绍 在 Magic Valley 常见的一种动物臭鼬。 6 页【答案解析】9.A 细节理解题。根据第一段提到
31、 Almost everyone who has lived in Magic Valley has had close encounters with a skunk-a black and white animal with relatively short. well-muscled legs and long front claws for digging, which gives off an unpleasant smelling liquid if it is frightened or attacked 可知几乎每个住在 Magic Valley 都会碰到过一个臭鼬，可知很普遍
32、的，故选 A 项。10.B 细节理解题。根据第三段提到 His uniform smelt so bad that he buried it in his backyard under a foot of dirt 可知他的制服味道如何难闻，因为抓了臭鼬的原故，故选 B 项。11.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段提到 Whats more. Skunks are also beneficial to farmers. gardeners. and landowners because they feed on large numbers of agricultural and garden pes
33、ts 可知臭鼬对农发，花园，有地的人来说是很有用的，可以来吃掉大量的农业害虫，故选 D 项。12.C 推断题。根据文章可知臭鼬在遭受攻击时会放出臭气，故当 Haynes 想阻止它逃跑时，这个臭鼬放出臭气，故选 C 项。【题文】 DShould I heat the water on the stove or in the electric kettle? Do I start the washing machine in the afternoon or after 10 at night? How do I lower CO2 emissions（排放） by the way I use e
34、nergy?Answers to such and similar questions are provided by the online game -RED“-which is the short form for -Renewable Energy Drama.“ Researchers from IDMT in Erfurt, Germany, have developed the Web application. The experts see great potential in online games for teaching the subject of “Saving el
35、ectricity at home“ in an entertaining manner and to show that ones own behavior can affect how much electricity costs.The software is aimed at adults and young people interested in renewable energies who want to know how they can save energy. “How much energy do individual household appliancesconsum
36、e. which ones are the energy robbers and are the high bills the results of price increases-RED supplies the answers. The user does not even have to spend a great deal of time. for the game takes only about ten to 15 minutes,“ says a researcher.RED leads you through the daily life of an imaginary fam
37、ily of three. The screen shows all the rooms in a house. The user goes into each room and is able. via mouse click, to do the regular housework such as cooking food or doing laundry. In a second module, the online game informs the-users how they can save electricity by using “Smart Meters.“ Taking t
38、he time of day into account ,they measure the exact actual usage of electricity This is how the consumers can find out the potential for savings and start his dishwasher only at night - when electricity is particularly cheap.7 页The -Saving electricity at home“ module will go online soon and so will
39、the second RED module; -Saving electricity with Smart Meters.“ The online game can be played at www.residens- project and is free of charge.13. What do we know about RED? A. It is a free online game B. It is designed for students C. It has already gone online D. It takes as long as ten minutes14. Wh
40、at does the underlined word“they“(paragraph 5) most probably refer to? A. Users B. Consumers C. Researchers D. Meters 15. What would be the best title for the text?A Save money at home B. Tips for lowering CO2 emissionsC. Saving electricity while playing D. Tips for saving energy【答案】 【知识点】C8 科普知识类【文
41、章综述】本文讲述网上一款在线游戏可能在玩的过程中教会人们如何来节约能源 【答案解析】13.A 细节理解题。根据第二段提到 Answers to such and similar questions are provided by the online game -RED“-which is the short form for -Renewable Energy Drama.“可知这是个在线的游戏，故选 A 项。14.D 词意猜测。根据第五段提到 In a second module, the online game informs the-users how they can save el
42、ectricity by using “Smart Meters.“ Taking the time of day into account ,they measure the exact actual usage of electricity 在第二个内容中，游戏会提供给用户如何用智能表来节约能源，故选 D 项。15.C 主旨大意。本文讲述网上一款在线游戏可能在玩的过程中教会人们如何来节约能源，故选 C 项。【题文】第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Badminton is more tha
43、n just a wonderful weight loss exercise .Playing badminton(羽毛球) can be a fantastic weight loss exercise. 16 Whats more.badminton has other health benefits for your entire body.Playing badminton. you get to run up and down the court. You jump up high and bend down low when playing. Your movement has
44、to be flexible, with good hand-eye coordination ( 协调) . The movements give your legs good exercise. At the same time. swinging the racket exercises your arms. shoulders. stomach and back. Before you know it. your entire body will benefit from better coordination. 17 .Playing badminton can actually l
45、ower your blood pressure. and reduce your chances of heart disease 18 Your body will be better defended against enlarged arteries（动脉) that can cause deadly heart attacks. Whether 8 页you are suffering from high blood pressure. or simply trying t。 prevent it badminton is a great sport.Some people enjo
46、y the social life the sport can bring. Gyms often host leagues. tournaments. and parties. 19 So dont just watch a television program about losing fat. Get out there and socialize in an organized badminton league.20 Hundreds of unwanted fat can be burned off with all of the physical movements involve
47、dwith the sport. Whether you are on the sand at the local beach, or inside a gym. playing badminton can be an enjoyable weight loss exercise. .A. You can even grow stronger and more attractive.B. Playing the game. you can make your heart stronger.C. To people of different ages it is also an easy lig
48、ht exercise.D. It is important to drink plenty of water when playing the sport. E. You can find a badminton court in public parks or some gyms.F. They provide chances for you to meet friends. or other people with similar interests.G. Of course. one of the most welcome benefits of playing badminton i
49、s always quick weight loss.【答案】 【知识点】I3 信息匹配【文章综述】本文讲述的是打属于是很不错的减肥运动。 【答案解析】16.C 根据上文提到 Playing badminton(羽毛球) can be a fantastic weight loss exercise 打羽毛球是很奇特的减肥的运动。故选 C 对于各年龄阶段的人来说很方便的健身锻炼。17.A 根据上文提到 Before you know it. your entire body will benefit from better coordination.在你明白之前，你的身体将得到很好的调节，故选 A
