1、第 26 讲 形容词和副词【真题体验】1Mike is _A_，but his brother Sam is much _.(2014，宜宾)Aheavy；heavier Bheavy；heaviestCheavier ；heaviest Dheavier；the heaviest2How _C_ Cindy grows！Shes almost as tall as her mother now.(2014，河北)Acute Bstrong Cfast Dstraight3Its said that Mo Yans speech was wonderful.Thats true.We clap
2、ped our hands _B_ many times during his speech yesterday.(2014，扬州)Aexcited BexcitedlyCexciting Dexcitingly4We are happy to see our city is developing _D_ these years than before.(2014，临沂)Aquickly Bthe most quicklyCvery quickly Dmore quickly5Do you like eating fish，Wang Hai？(2014，嘉兴)Of course.Nothing
3、 can be _C_，I think.Adelicious BbeautifulCmore delicious Dmore beautiful【考点梳理】中考试题对形容词的考查涉及形容词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的基本用法；形容词原级、比较级和最高级的各种句型；易混淆的形容词用法辨析等。其中，形容词比较级等句型，形容词修饰不定代词 something，anything，everything，nothing 时的位置，易混淆的形容词用法辨析等是考查的热点。高频考向一 形容词1作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面。但形容词修饰something，anything，nothing，everything 等
4、复合不定代词时，须放在其后；形容词修饰疑问代词时，也须放在其后。如：Its a cold and windy day.这是个既寒冷又有大风的一天。Would you like something hot to drink？你想要喝些热的东西吗？What else can you see？你还能看 见其他什么东西？2作表语，放在系动词的后面。常见的系动词有 be，become，get( 变)，make(使) ，turn(变) ，keep ，feel，look(看起来)，seem，smell，sound ，taste。如：He looks happy today.他今天看起来很高 兴。Silk f
5、eels soft.绸 子摸起来很软。Milk is able to turn bad easily in summer.夏天，牛奶容易变质。3作宾语补足语。形容词作宾补时，应放在宾语之后，表示宾语的性质、状态等。如：He always makes us happy.他总是使我们高兴。4注意：表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。如：How long is the river？这条河有多长？Its about two thousand meters long.大约 2000 米长。只能作表语的形容词：afraid 害怕；alone 独自的；asleep 睡着的；awake 醒
6、着的；alive 活着的；well 健康的；ill 病的；frightened 害怕的。如：The man is ill.(正)The ill man is my uncle.(误)貌似副词的形容词：lonely 独自的；friendly 友好的；lively 生动的；lovely 可爱的。【例 1】 It is _ for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English.(2014，安徽)Abad Beasy Chard Dright点拨：bad“坏的，不舒服的” ；easy“容易的” ；hard“困难的” ；r
7、ight“正确的” 。由后半句“我很擅长英语”可知“对我来说听懂澳大利亚客人们的话是很容易的” 。答案：_B_【例 2】 Leo was so _ that he rushed to the kitchen，hoping to find something to eat.(2014，温州)Athirsty Bhungry Ctired Dsleepy点拨：thirsty“口渴的” ；hungry“饥饿的” ；tired“疲劳的” ；sleepy“困乏的” 。由后半句“希望找到一些吃的”可知前半句句意为“里奥如此地饿以至于他冲进厨房” 。答案：_B_高频考向二 副词1副词按性质和用途可分为时间副
8、词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词等。时间副词通常用来表示动作发生的时间。常见的时间副词有now，today，tomorrow，yesterday，before，late，early， never，seldom，sometimes ，often，usually ，always 等。地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有here，there ，inside ，outside ， home，upstairs ，downstairs，anywhere，everywhere，nowhere，somewhere，down，up， off，in ，out 等。方式副词一般用来回答“怎
9、样的”这类问题，绝大部分由形容词词尾加ly 构成，少数与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有badly，carefully ，proudly，suddenly，successfully，angrily ，happily，slowly，warmly，wildly，well，fast，hard，alone ，high ，straight 等。程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，少数用来修饰动词和介词短语。常见的程度副词有much，(a) little，a bit，very ，so ， too，enough ， quite，rather，pretty，greatly，nearly，almost ，deeply
10、 ，hardly 等。疑问副词一般引导特殊疑问句。常见的疑问副词有 how，when ，where，why 等。2几组常见副词的用法：also，too，either三者都表示“也” 。also 通常放在句中，位于系动词、情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前；too 通常用在肯定句中 ，放在句末；either 用在否定句中，放在句末。very 与 much二者都可以表示“很” ，但用法不同：very 修饰形容词和副词的原级 ，而 much 修饰形容词和副词的比较级。ago 与 beforeago 表示以现在为起点的一段时间以前，不能单独使用，必须和一些表示时间概念的短语搭配，常和过去时连用。bef
11、ore 表示在过去或将来某个时间以前，也可以指“以前” ，可单独使用，常与过去完成时、过去时、现在完成时连用。so 与 suchso 修饰形容词或副词，表示“如此地” ；such 修饰名词，表示“如此的” 。many，much，little，few名词 ，前面只能用 so 而不能用 such 修饰；such 可以修饰 a lot of名词。sometime，sometimes，some time 与 some timessometime 某一时间 ，某一时刻 (可指将来，也可指过去)sometimes 有时，不时的some time 一段时间some times 几次，几倍【例 3】 Excu
12、se me，would you please speak a little more _？Sorry，I thought you could follow me.(2014，滨州)Asadly Bquickly Cpolitely Dslowly点拨：sadly“悲伤地” ；quickly“快速地” ；politely“礼貌地” ；slowly“慢地” 。由答句“我能为你能听懂我的话”可知，第一句句意为“你可以说慢一点吗？”答案：_D_【例 4】 Did you go to the cinema last night？( 2014，宁波 )Oh，no.I _ go to the cinema.
13、The tickets，you know，are too expensive.Aalways Bhardly Cusually Doften点拨：always “总是” ；hardly“几乎不” ；usually“通常” ；often“经常” 。由答句第二句 话“电影票太贵了”可知“我几乎不去电影院” 。答案：_B_【例 5】 _can you finish this English examination?In about one and a half hours.AHow far BHow oftenCHow soon DHow long点拨：how far“多远” ；how often“
14、多久一次” ；how soon“多久以后” ；how long“多长时间” 。由答语句意“大约一个半小 时以后”可知此处是提 问“多久以后” 。答案：_C_高频考向三 形容词、副词等级的用法1形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级一般单音节词末尾加er ，est smallfastquick smallerfasterquicker smallestfastestquickest以不发音的 e 结尾的单音节词末尾加r，st nicefine nicerfiner nicestfinest以辅音字母y 结尾的双音节单词，先把 y 变为 i，再加er，est lon
15、elyhappy lonelierhappier loneliesthappiest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写末尾的字母再加er ，est hotbigthin hotterbiggerthinner hottestbiggestthinnest部分双音节词或多音节词在原级前加 more，most interestingtired moreinterestingmore tired mostinterestingmost tired不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad/ill/badly worse worstlittle less le
16、astmany/much more mostfar farther farthestold older/elder oldest/eldestlate later latest下列单、双音节词只能加 more 和 most原级 比较级 最高级like(相似的，同样的) more like most likereal(真的 ) more real most realtired(疲乏的 ) more tired most tiredpleased(高兴的 ) more pleased most pleasedoften(经常) more often most often2.形容词、副词等级的用法原
17、级的用法只能修饰原级的词：very，quite，so ，too，rather。如：He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。asas和一样( 中间用原级)not as(so)as 和 不一样(中间用原级) 如：Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯 特年龄一样大。Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的两倍。This room is not so/as big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。比较级的用法可以修饰比较级的词：much，a lot，far ，a little，a bit，even
18、，stillthan比如：Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。选择疑问句中，二选一时如：Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一个更大，地球还是月球？用比较级表示最高级的意思如：The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.在中国，长江比其他任何一条河都长。“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”如：He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来越高了。The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿
19、越来越漂亮了。“the比较级，the 比较级”表示“越，就越”如：The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。在比较级中为了避免重复，在 than 后常用 one，that，those 等词来替代前面提到过的名词。如：The weather here is warmer than that in Shanghai.这里的天气比上海的暖和。表示倍数的比较如：This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大 3 倍。最高级的用法形容词最高级前一定要
20、用 the，副词最高级前可省略 the。有范围(in，of，among 或从句等)修饰的用最高级。如：Winter is the coldest season of the year.冬季是一年里最冷的季节。This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的 电影。“主语beone of the形容词最高级复数名词 in/of 短语”表示“是中最之一” 。如：Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.北京是中国最大的城市之一。选择疑问句中用于三者或三者以上的比较。如：Which coun
21、try is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，巴西还是加拿大？Which season do you like (the) best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？表示“第几个最”时，用“the序数词最高级名词单数”的结构。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。【例 6】 I have a lovely room.Its the _ in the hotel.(2014，广州)Anic
22、e BnicerCnicest D most nice点拨：the 通常位于形容词最高级前，nice 是单音节词， 且以不发音的 e 结尾，其最高级直接在后加st。答案：_C_【例 7】 What do you think is _ invention in the 21st century?Internet，I think.(2014，广安)Aimportant Bmore importantCthe most important Dimportantest点拨：第一句句意“你认为二十一世纪最重要的发明是什么？”important 为多音节词，其最高级是在 important 前加 the
23、most。答案：_C_【例 8】 Which ocean is _，the Atlantic or the Pacific?The Pacific.(2013，沈阳)Adeep BdeeperCdeepest Dmore deeper点拨：此题是两者之间进行比较，故应用比较级形式。答案：_B_【例 9】 Many boy students think math is _ English.I agree.Im weak in English.(2013，十堰)Amuch difficult than Bso difficult asCless difficult than Dmore diffi
24、cult than点拨：A 选项中 much 常用来修 饰比较级，此处后面跟原级，故排除。B 选项的结构常常用在否定句中，故排除。根据 题干“I agree.Im weak in English.”可推知前句意为“很多男学生认为数学没有英语难” 。答案：_C_1People who eat a balanced diet should be _D_ than those who only eat hamburgers.(2014，菏泽)Aclever Bcleverer C healthy Dhealthier2Tom doesnt like thrillers because its _D_
25、(2014，枣庄)Afunny BinterestingCexciting Dscary3My teachers often encourage me _D_ more friends but I find it difficult.Your teachers idea is right.The more friends you make，_ you will be.(2014，达州)Ato make；the more happyBto make；happierCmaking；the happierDto make；the happier4How often do you go skating
26、?_D_I cant skate at all.(2014，温州)AAlways BSometimesCSeldom DNever5Mona doesnt like making speeches.She feels _C_ talking in front of the class.(2014，湖州)Aannoyed Bexcited Cnervous Dsurprised6Do you enjoy Han Leis songs?Yes.He is the winner of Im Singer .I cant think of anyone with a _A_ voice.(2014，南
27、京)Abetter Bbest Cmore Dmost7He is the only one who failed in the math exam.Really？You mean he studies _D_(2014，白银)Athe most careful Bthe least carefulCthe most carefully Dthe least carefully8As we know its difficult to live in a foreign country._D_ if you cant understand the language there.(2014，咸宁)
28、AExactly BNaturallyCUsually DEspecially9Guess what ！Teresa makes her own clothes.(2014，绍兴 )Wow，she is so _B_I could never do that.Asimple Bcreative Cpopular Denergetic10Its smoggy these days.Thats terrible!Yes， I hope to plant trees._D_ trees，_ air pollution.(2014，昆明)AThe more；the fewer BThe less；th
29、e moreCThe less；the fewer D The more；the less11Your son is much _D_ now.Yes.The jeans he wore last year are already too short for him.(2013，嘉兴、舟山)Athin Bthinner Ctall Dtaller12Do you know _B_ Jane visits her grandparents？( 2013，绍兴)Once a week.She loves them deeply.Ahow soon Bhow oftenChow long Dhow
30、far13There was thick haze(雾 霾)in our city this spring.What do you think of it?I think _B_ cars we drive，_ pollution our city will have.(2013，临沂)Athe fewer；the fewer B the fewer；the lessCthe more；the fewer Dthe more；the less14Be quick！ The game will begin _A_( 2013，天津)Aimmediately BrecentlyCcarefully
31、 Dluckily15You look tired these days.I think you need a _C_ sleep.(2013，重庆)Ashorter Bshortest Cbetter Dbest16Lanzhou is the only capital city that the Yellow River，the second _B_ river in China， passes through.(2013， 兰州)Along Blongest Clonger Dlength17Peter speaks Chinese well indeed，but of course not _A_ a local speaker in China.(2013，苏 州) Aso fluently as Bmore fluent thanCas fluent as Dmuch fluently than
