1、1精编优选练(十四)阅读理解细节理解题 2(限时：25 分钟)ATips for Cycle TripsCycling has many advantages as a form of travel, as it is the fastest way to travel by human power, and slow enough to allow the type of local involvement that is impossible with powered travel. Cycle travel is also a cheap form of transportation.D
2、istanceOn level terrain, without a headwind, a cyclist of average fitness on a touring bike can comfortably cover 60120km a day. Distances of up to 250km a day are possible, but anything much beyond 120km will require considerable physical tension and not allow many stops to enjoy the places you vis
3、it. For many, 80100km a day will be the most suitable distance to aim for, as it will give a sense of achievement and also leave plenty of time for meals and activities.GeographyThe gradient (坡度)of the trip will reduce your range. A basic rule is that for every 100 metres of altitude you climb, you
4、should add an extra 15 minutes to your journey time. In hilly or mountainous areas, the easiest routes for cycling are downstream along major rivers, as overall they will be downhill. A long, roundabout route along a river will usually be easier than a short, direct route over a hill or mountain pas
5、s. However, it is worth bearing in mind that the most scenic routes often come from hilly terrain.EatFood choice depends largely on where you are, so see the respective sections for more information about foods. As you will be working hard, its important to get enough energy in your food. On long tr
6、ips away from major towns there may be little quality food available, so be prepared to live on candy bars, prepared meat products and the like if the need arises. SleepWhile you can take a tent with you, many hotels and especially campsites can accommodate cyclists. However, there are also some hot
7、els that may be less 2used to accommodating cyclists. If you are exploring an unfamiliar world, asking about the accommodation spares you the search for a new place to stay after a long exhausting day of travel. 语篇解读 本文介绍了关于骑车旅行的距离，地理位置及过程中的饮食和睡觉等注意事项。1Which of the following distance does the author
8、 suggest to ordinary cyclists a day?A50km. B90km.C130km. D250km.解析：细节理解题。第二段提到“On level terrain (地形)，without a headwind，a cyclist of average fitness on a touring bike can comfortably cover 60120km a day.”在一定地形条件下，没有逆风的情况下，一个健康的骑车人的行程每天应在 60到 120千米之间，故选 B项。答案：B2From the passage, we can learn that_.Ah
9、igh quality food is easy to get on long trips Bhotels seldom provide accommodation for cyclistsCcycling over a mountain is challenging but worthyDit takes cyclists 15 minutes to climb 100m of altitude解析：推理判断题。第三段提到“A long，roundabout route along a river will usually be easier than a short，direct rout
10、e over a hill or mountain pass.However，it is worth bearing in mind that the most scenic routes often come from hilly terrain.”绕河的路线比绕山的路线简单，但绕山的风景是漂亮的，故选 C项。答案：C3We can probably read this passage in_.Aa geography book Ba research report Ca science fiction Da travel magazine 解析：推理判断题。本文讲到骑车旅行距离，地理位置，
11、食物及睡觉的注意事宜，故可在旅行杂志上看到，故选 D项。答案：DBAT&T started its “It Can Wait” campaign against texting while driving in 2010. They call on all drivers to sign up for a 21day pledge (保证)a pledge 3to not text and drive. Since then, research suggests there has been a connection between the campaign activities and a
12、reduction in crashes. Almost half of the people who have made pledges say they now dont use their smartphones while driving.However, AT&T has found that even though nearly 99 percent of drivers understand that texting while driving is dangerous, nearly 70 percent do it anyway. Some say they do it be
13、cause they think theyre better at multitasking than others. Some say they only use their phones at red lights, or they only quickly glance at their phones sometimes. Others say theyre trying to stop, but believe that distracted (注意力不集中的) driving is even “addictive”. Over the years, we have found som
14、e effective ways to deal with distracted driving. One is to use userfriendly tools to help drivers resist the urge to glance at their phones while behind the wheel. Countless handsfree devices (装置) and Bluetooth speakers combined with a mobile app will, when active, automatically block incoming noti
15、fications sensing that the car is in motion. With the right devices, drivers can stay connected without taking their eyes off the road.The second way is really important. AT&Ts studies found that most smartphone users have a significant amount of their interactions with just five people. They also f
16、ound that more than 80 percent of drivers said they would immediately stop using their phone while driving if a loved one or someone in their top friends list asked them to. We urge everyone to act on this information.Distracted driving is a bad habit, and bad habits are tough to break. But if we wo
17、rk togetherand keep communicating our concerns with the people we love we can make a difference.语篇解读 本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了两种约束不专心驾驶行为的方法，并且分析了司机明知注意力不集中有危险，还接电话的心理原因，建议人们要与自己所爱的人多沟通，帮助他们摒弃这一陋习。4What can we infer about the “It Can Wait” campaign?AIt aims to end aggressive driving.BIt provides help for drive
18、rs in emergencies.CIt works well in reducing road accidents.DIt makes efforts to improve road conditions.4解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的 research suggests there has been a connection.while driving可知， “It Can Wait”运动在减少交通事故方面起到了一定的作用。由第一段首句 AT&T started its “It Can Wait”campaign against texting while driving in 201
19、0.可知，这项运动旨在减少人们边开车边发短信的做法，而 A项中的 aggressive driving指具有蓄意成分的“侵略性驾驶 ”，如蛇形换道、横冲直撞、大声鸣笛等等，这与文章内容不相符。答案：C5Distracted driving is still at a high level because of _.Ahigh pressure from daily lifeBthe side effects of drugsClack of strict traffic lawsDdrivers attitude problems解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的nearly 70 percent
20、 do it anyway. Some say they do it because they think theyre better at multitasking than others.is even “addictive”可知，AT &T的研究发现，将近 70%的人仍然边开车边发短信，他们这样做是因为态度问题。 答案：D6How do handsfree devices with an app help drivers?ABy reminding them to call later.BBy preventing the incoming calls.CBy telling calle
21、rs to leave a message. DBy warning them of the possible danger.解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的 combined with a mobile app will，when active，automatically block incoming notifications sensing that the car is in motion可知，这些工具如果被激活，能自动感应到汽车在行驶，阻止来电通知。 答案：B7What suggestion is made to deal with distracted driving in Para
22、graph 4?AUse the power of public opinion.BEducate drivers to learn selfcontrol.CCommunicate more with safe drivers.DLet people close to drivers remind them.解析：推理判断题。概括第四段中提到的第二种方法可知，人们常用手机与五个关系最亲密的人联系，故建议利用司机最亲密的人对他的影响来减少不专心驾驶现象。A 项“利用舆论的力量”范围太大，文章中也没有提及教育司机提高他们的自控能力和让他们5与别的安全驾驶的司机交流，故 B、C 项均错误。答案：D
23、CChinas latest generation train Fuxing with a top speed of 400 km/h is the first bullet train designed and manufactured by Chinese engineers without help from the West.Chinese companies spent just 13 years learning to build worldclass highspeed trains after studying knowhow (技能) from leading firms i
24、n developed countries, such as Japan, France, Germany and Canada.Fuxing bullet trains are expected to travel between Shanghai and Beijing, and the railway line is the busiest in China and serves 505,000 passengers daily. There are currently two models under the Fuxing series, namely CR400AF and CR40
25、0BF. Both models were disclosed on June 26, 2017. A CR400AF model started from Beijing South Railway Station at 11：05 am. local time for Shanghai. At the same time, a CR400BF model left Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station for Beijing. In daily operation, they would run at a consistent speed of 350 km/
26、h, which means it would take the train three and a half hours to travel between Shanghai and Beijing, or an hour and 20 minutes between London and Paris. Currently, the travel time between Shanghai and Beijing is around five hours by train.The smooth and superfast bullet trains are also very comfort
27、able as they provide free WiFi coverage and more legroom (供伸腿的空间) in all carriages. The onboard monitoring system of Fuxing has been described as sophisticated (先进的). It could automatically slow the train in case of emergencies or abnormal conditions. Workers from more than 20 Chinese companies join
28、ed forces to form a team in order to build Fuxing in the past three years.As China puts its latest train model into use, the country is also keeping an eye on the overseas market. Fuxing is expected to run in foreign countries, such as Russia. The Fuxing bullet trains will operate on the Chinese net
29、works as well as on the MoscowKazan highspeed railway in Russia. The 770kilometrelong railway line between Moscow and Kazan is designed for trains that could travel at 400 km/h.语篇解读 2017 年 6月 26日，中国自主研发的最新一代高速列车“复兴号”动车组列车从北京和上海同时发车，代表着中国具有完全自主知识产权的高速列车又取得了长足的进步，在世界上掀起了又一股中国高铁旋风，一时成为热点话题。68What can w
30、e learn about the Fuxing train from the text?AIt is Chinas first generation bullet train.BIt was designed by Western engineers.CIt will run at a speed of 350 kmh in operation.DIt took Chinese engineers 13 years to make it.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In daily operation，they would run at a consistent speed of 35
31、0 km/h”可知，在日常运行中 “复兴号”将以每小时 350千米的速度运行。答案：C9The distance from London to Paris is about_.A350km B470kmC770km D22,000km解析：数字计算题。根据第二段中的“In daily operation，they would run at a consistent speed of 350 km/h，which means it would take the train three and a half hours to travel between Shanghai and Beijing，
32、or an hour and 20 minutes between London and Paris.”可知，从伦敦到巴黎乘坐 “复兴号”需要八十分钟，而“复兴号”时速 350千米，故 350(80/60)467(千米)。答案：B10.What can we infer from the last paragraph?AFuxing trains will be exported.BRussia has put Fuxing trains into use.CFuxing trains will be used only in China.DThe Chinese built the Mosc
33、owKazan highspeed railway line.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As China puts its latest train model into use，the country is also keeping an eye on the overseas market.Fuxing is expected to run in foreign countries”可知，A 项符合题意。答案：A11What is the text mainly about?AThe history of bullet trains.BChinas highspeed railway.CChinas latest highspeed trains.DThe worldclass highspeed trains.解析：主旨大意题。文章介绍了中国自主研发的最新一代高速列车“复兴号” 。latest是解题关键词。7答案：C
