1、Section Integrating Skills & Cultural Corner,.重点单词,1._ n.拥塞；堆积 2._ n.执照；登记 3._ n.心情；心境 4._ vi.反应reaction n.反应 5._ n.解答；答案,congestion,registration,mood,react,solution,.核心短语,1._ 关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源) 2._ 保持冷静 3._ (俚语)肯定不；没门儿 4.be happy with _ 5.carry out _ 6.whats more _,switch off,keep cool,no way,对满意,执行
2、；履行,另外；而且,.经典句式,1.Its a good idea to _ in Chinese.把你的目的地用汉语写出来是个好主意。 2.A survey _ at the end of 2003 suggests _.2003年年末展开的一项调查表明此措施是有效的。,have your destination written,carried out,it does,原文呈现,The London Congestion Charge Beijing isnt the only city with traffic problems.You can get stuck in a traffic
3、 jam anywhere in the world.The worst problems occur in cities which are growing fast，such as Sao Paolo in Brazil and Lagos in Nigeria.But even cities in developed countries such as the US suffer.Los Angeles，which was built with the motor car in mind，and is famous for its six-lane highways，is now the
4、 USAs most congested city.,In Europe most capital cities were planned and built before cars，and city centre traffic jams have been part of daily life for a long time.The situation in central London，where drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues，became so bad that the local government deci
5、ded to do something about it.In February 2003 the Mayor of London，Ken Livingstone，introduced a“congestion charge”a tax for cars entering the centre of the city. The idea is simple：every car coming into the centre has to pay 5 a day.Drivers can pay the charge at any of 10，000 pay points in the capita
6、l before 10 pm.As the cars come into the centre，video cameras record their registration numbers，and these are checked with a list of drivers who have paid the charge for that day.People who do not pay the charge will face a fine of 80.,阅读清障,charge n.费用；free of charge免费 get stuck in陷入，被困在 occur vi.出现
7、，发生(不用于被动语态和进行时态) developed countries发达国家 developing countries发展中国家 suffer vi.遭受；suffer from受之苦 congested adj.拥挤的，堵塞的,此处which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Los Angeles。with the motor car in mind是with宾语介词短语的复合结构，with.in mind意为“在脑海中，考虑”。 part of的一部分 in queues排队 so.that.如此以至于 such.that.如此以至于 congestion n.拥塞；堆积 本句的主干为T
8、he situation in central London became so bad，where引导非限制性定语从句，so/such.that.(如此以至于)结构，其中that引导结果状语从句。,pay points在此指“收费点” registration n.执照；登记 face vt.面对；面临；be faced with面对 fine n.罚款 现在分词在此作后置定语，修饰car。 as在此引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”。 who引导定语从句，修饰先行词People，who在从句中作主语，故从句谓语动词用了复数形式。 agree vt.& vi.同意；赞同 work v.发挥作用，
9、有效果,carry out实施，进行 suggest在此意为“暗示，表明”，此外，suggest还可表示“建议”。 be reduced by被降低/减少了 be reduced to被降低/减少到 use.to do sth使用做某事 be used to do sth被用来做某事 be used to doing sth习惯于做某事 used to do sth过去常常做某事,Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.,1.Why did the Mayor of London introduce the“congestion c
10、harge”？,A.To increase the income of the government. B.To solve the problem of traffic jam. C.To make London the best city. D.To serve the rich.,2.If people do not pay the charge，they will_.,A.be unhappy B.be fined for 5 a day C.have no freedom D.be fined for 80,3.Whats a “congestion charge”？,A.A tax
11、 which is not expensive. B.A tax for taxies only. C.A tax for cars entering the center of the city. D.A fine for those who dont obey the traffic rules.,4.We can infer from the text that_.,A.cities in developed countries suffer less traffic problems B.London was planned and built before cars C.driver
12、s can pay the charge at any time D.the congestion charge will be reduced soon,答案 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B,1.react vi.反应,Dont react when others drive badly.(教材P17) 当别人开车开得不好时不要回应。 react to 对作出反应 reaction n. 反应；起作用(常与介词to连用) I shouted at her，but she didnt react at all. 我向她大声喊，但她毫无反应。,How did he react _ the bad
13、 news? 他对那个坏消息如何反应？ Do you know what his _ (react)will be when he hears the news? 你知道他听到这个消息时的反应吗？,to,reaction,2.solution n.方法，办法,Theres a simple solution to these problems.(教材P18) 对这些问题有一种简单的解决办法。 the solution to. 的解决办法/答案 solve vt. 解决；解答 The solution of the problem requires a lot of time. 解决这个问题需要
14、很多时间。 It took me an hour to find the solution _ the problem. 解决这个问题我花了一个小时。 With the help of his friends，he finally _ (solution)the problem. 在朋友们的帮助下，他终于解决了问题。,to,solved,温馨提示 名词与介词to构成的短语 the answer/reply to 的答案 the entrance to. 的入口 the door to. 的门 the attitude to. 对的态度 the damage to 对的破坏 the approa
15、ch to 的途径/方法 the key to. 的钥匙/答案 the access to. 的通道/机会,3.mood n.心境；情绪,Motorists could take a bus into the city centre and arrive at work or the shops relaxed and in a good mood.(教材P18)驾车者可以轻松地乘公交车进入市中心，心情愉快地工作或购物。 (1)in a good/bad mood 心情好/坏 be/feel in the mood for sth/to do sth 有做某事的心情 in no mood to
16、 do sth 没心情做某事 (2) moody adj. 喜怒无常的；忧郁的 His mood suddenly changed and he became calm. 他的情绪突然一变，冷静下来。,He was _ when he got home from work. 他下班回到家时心情不错。 Im not in the mood _ (argue) with you. 我没心思跟你争论。 It is difficult to predict his reaction because he is so _ (mood). 他如此喜怒无常，所以很难预知其反应如何。,in a good mo
17、od,to argue,moody,1.switch off关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源等),Switch off the motor.(教材P17) 关闭发动机。 switch off turn off 关掉 switch onturn on 打开 When not in a room，youd better switch off all the lights and the fan. 当你不在室内时，最好关掉所有的灯和那台电扇。 Switch _ the recorder，please.I want to listen to some songs. 请打开录音机，我想听几首歌。,on,
18、温馨提示 各种“开”“关”的译法 open/close/shut the door (window) 开/关门(窗) switch on/off the radio/TV/light开/关收音机/电视/电灯 turn on/off the radio/water/gas开/关收音机/水/煤气,2.keep cool保持冷静,keep quiet 保持安静 keep silent 保持沉默 keep still 保持不动 keep calm 保持镇静 keep fit/healthy 保持健康 Whatever happens，the first important thing is to ke
19、ep cool. 不管发生什么事，最重要的是保持冷静。 _.Ill take a picture of you. 不要动，我给你照张相。,Keep still,You should _ even in face of danger. 即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。 I dont know if I should speak to him or _. 我不知道我是应该同他说话还是保持沉默。,keep calm,keep silent,Leave the motor on.(教材P17)让发动机开着。 本句中使用了“leave宾语宾语补足语”结构，表示“使/让处于某种状态”。宾语补足语是副词。
20、“leave宾语宾语补足语”结构 leave宾语名词/形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式 Dont leave the light on when you go out. 出去时，别让灯开着。 His parents died，_. 父母去世了，他成了孤儿。,leaving him an orphan,Just as I got to the school gate，I realised I had _. 当我刚刚走到学校大门口时，我就意识到把银行卡忘在咖啡馆了。 The teacher left the classroom angrily，leaving the boy _ (stand) in the front of the classroom. 让那个男孩站在教室前面，老师生气地离开了教室。 They covered him with a blanket，only leaving his eyes _ (expose). 他们用毯子给他盖上，只留眼睛露在外面。 Never leave the work for today _ (finish)tomorrow. 永远不要把今天该做的事情留到明天去完成。,left my bank card in the caf,standing,exposed,to be finished,
