高中英语全程复习方略课件：必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars.ppt

1、Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 天文学：恒星科学,. 单词盘点 根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇 1. _(n. ) 天文学 2. _(n. ) 系统；体系；制度 3. _(n. ) 学说；理论 4. _(n. ) 大气层；气氛,astronomy,system,theory,atmosphere,5. _(adj. ) 基本的；基础的 6. _(adv. ) 因此；于是 7. _(vt. & vi. ) （使）迷惑；（使）为难(n. ) 谜；难题 8. _(adj. ) 温和的；文雅的 9. _(vi. &vt. ) 碰撞；坠落 10. _(n

2、. &vt. ) 拉（力）；拖；牵引力,fundamental,thus,puzzle,gentle,crash,pull,11. _(vi. &vt. ) （使）浮动；（使）漂浮(n. ) 漂浮物 12. _(adj. )猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 _(n. )暴力 _(adv. )暴力地；猛烈地 13._(prep. )不同；不像 _(vt. )喜欢(prep. )相像 _(adj. )可能的 14. _(adj. )有害的 _(n. &v. )伤害 _ (adj. )无害的 15. _(vi. )存在；生存 _(n. )存在；生存,float,violent,violence,violent

3、ly,unlike,like,likely,harmful,harm,harmless,exist,existence,【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空 The robbers hit them _. They couldnt bear it any more so they decided to answer _ with _ and began their _ fightback. (violent) This object gives off _ gases. They may do _ to our health. You must make the object _ before

4、 you use it. (harmful) Do you believe in the _ of ghosts? Perhaps they only _ in the minds of some people. (exist),violently,violence,violence,violent,harmful,harm,harmless,existence,exist,. 短语回放 1. 及时；终于 _ 2. 产生；分娩 _ 3. 轮到某人；接着 _ 4. 阻止；制止 _ 5. 挡住（光线） _,in time,give birth to,in ones turn,prevent. .

5、. from,block out,6. 感到高兴；感到振奋 _ 7. 既然 _ 8. 突发；爆发 _ 9. 密切注视；当心；提防 _ 10. 和；以及 _,cheer up,now that,break out,watch out,as well as,. 句式扫描 1. _(它会变成什么样)was uncertain until between 4. 5 and 3. 8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. 2. The earth became _(如此猛烈以至于) it was not clear whe

6、ther the shape would last or not.,What it was to become,so violent that,3. This produced a chain reaction, which _ _(使得生命得以发展). 4. But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried _(两倍远)on the earth and fell over.,made it possible for,life to develop,twice as far as,【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子 make it +

7、adj. /n. + to do sth. 仿写：他早上六点起床成了惯例。 _ 倍数+as. . . as. . . 句型 仿写：我的收入是他的两倍。 _,He made it a rule to get up at 6 in the morning.,My income is twice as much as his.,1. violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的 (1)violent crime 暴力犯罪 violent storm 暴风骤雨 violent behaviour 暴力行为 (2)violently adv. 猛烈地；激烈地 (3)violence n. 暴力；暴行

8、 take. . . by violence 强夺 do violence to. . . 对行凶；强暴对待,The violent wind dashed the ship against a huge rock. 狂风将船猛地推向一块巨大的礁石。 Meanwhile the violence continued in Libya. 在此期间，利比亚暴力冲突仍然在持续。 The storm grew _ _. 这场暴风雨变得更加猛烈了。,more violent,2. exist vi. 存在；生存 (1)exist on 靠为生 there exists/existed. . . 某地有；

9、存在 (2)come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在 in existence 存在,They cant exist on the money hes earning. 他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。 There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography. 有一个解决现存地理问题的好办法。 No one knows how this world _ _ _. 没有人知道这个世界是怎样形成的。,came into existence,3. puzzle n谜；难题 vt. &vi. (使)迷惑；

10、(使)为难 (1)puzzle over/about 绞尽脑汁；苦思冥想 (2)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的 puzzled adj. 困惑的；迷惑不解的 puzzlement n. 迷惘；困惑,What puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone. 令我不解的是，他为什么悄悄地离开了这个国家。 The police are still puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened. 警察仍然正在苦思这起事故是怎么发生的。,Scientis

11、ts have been trying to solve this puzzle for years. 多年来科学家们一直试图解开这一谜团。 He looked _ so I repeated the question. 他好像没听懂，于是我又把问题重复了一遍。,puzzled,4. pull n. (成功地)完成,pull on (匆忙地)穿上 pull out 拔出； 驶出； 摆脱(困难) pull through 恢复健康；渡过难关 pull up 停车,He pulled the door open and rushed out. 他拉开门，冲了出去。 The police car s

12、ignalled to us to pull in. 警车发出信号，要我们驶向路边停靠。 We waved as the train _ _ of the station. 火车驶出车站时我们挥手告别。 The doctor told me that I would _ _. 医生告诉我，我会康复的。,pulled out,pull through,【助记】,推 push 拉 pull,5. in time 及时；终于 Will you be back in time for dinner? 你会及时赶回来吃饭吗？ I should be back in time to watch the s

13、how. 我应该及时赶回来看那场演出。,【拓展】翻译以下短语 at a time _ at one time _ at no time _ at times _ all the time _ ahead of time _,每次；一次,曾经；一度,决不,有时,一直；始终,提前,on time _ in no time _ take ones time _ 【点津】 at no time等含否定意义的词组位于句首，句子要部分倒装；in no time意为“立刻, 马上”，无否定意义，置于句首，不引起倒装。,准时；按时,立刻；马上,别着急；慢慢来,6. prevent. . . from 阻止；制

14、止 （1）prevent sb. (from) doing sth. stop sb. (from)doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth. （2）protect sb. from/against 保护某人使免受,阻止，制止,Guards stood at the doors to prevent anyone from leaving. 守卫站在门口阻止任何人离开。 His advice kept me from making a serious mistake. 他的忠告使我免于犯一个严重的错误。 Once he has made up his mind，no

15、 one can _ _ _ _ _ the plan. 一旦他下定决心，谁也阻止不了他执行这个计划。,prevent him,from carrying out,【点津】 （1）prevent/ stop. . . (from) doing sth. 中的from可以省略，而keep. . . from doing sth. 中的from不可以省略。 （2）以上三个短语用于被动语态时，from均不能省略。,7. cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 (1)cheer vt. &vi. 欢呼；喝彩；鼓励n. 欢呼；喝彩 Cheers! 干杯! (2)cheer sb. up 使某人高兴/振奋

16、cheer sb. on 向某人欢呼；为某人加油 (3)cheerful adj. 精神振奋的,Cheer up! Our troubles will soon be over. 振作起来！我们的困难很快就会过去。 The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang. 看到刘翔后，人群热烈欢呼起来。 The news _ _ _. 这消息使他高兴起来。,cheered him up,8. now that 既然 Now that you have finished your work，youd better have a rest. 既然你的工

17、作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。 Now (that) the weather is fine，lets go for a ride. 既然天气那么好，我们开车去兜风吧。 _ _ _ _ _，you can make up your mind by yourself. 既然你已长大了，可以自己做决定了。,Now(that) you have grown up,【点津】 now that相当于since，是连词词组，用来引导原因状语从句，口语中经常省略that，只用now，这时now已经失去了“现在”的含义。 【想一想】表示原因的连词有哪些？,【拓展延伸】表示原因的连词小结 1)可引导原因状语从句

18、的从属连词(词组)：because, as, since, when, now that, in that；并列连词：for 2)(1)because语气最强，一般指事情发生的直接原因，回答提问时，一般放在主句之后。 (2)as语气比because弱，所引导的从句表示的是显而易见的原因和理由，从句一般放在主句前。 (3)since语气较弱，指双方都明确的原因或众所周知的原因，侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已知的理由。,(4)when意为“既然, 考虑到”， now that意为“既然”（相当于since），in that意为“因为，由于”。 (5)for是并列连词，表示推断的原因，或对前一分句补充

19、说明理由。for表示这一用法时需放在两句之间。 He was absent from the meeting because he was ill yesterday. 昨天他没参加会议是因为他病了。 As there was no answer，we wrote him again. 鉴于他没有回复，我们又给他写了封信。,Since you cant answer the question，Ill ask someone else. 既然你回答不出这个问题，我就问别人了。 It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet. 昨晚肯定下雨

20、了，因为地面是湿的。,9. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命得以发展了。(1)句中使用了“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。即：名词或形容词不带to 的不定式过去分词 介词短语,make+宾语+宾语补足语,（2）当该结构中的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。即： make + it + 宾语补足语 + 不定式短语或从句。 I made it a condition that everybody must b

21、e on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。 Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 我们的老师使我们感到更自信。,The heavy rain _ _ _ for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。 The boy was made work twelve hours a day. （改错） 答案：_ 【点津】 在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式符号to 要还原。,made it impossible,made后加to,(1)harmful及harm的用法 (2)gentle“温柔的，温和的”与其他形容词的辨析 (3)

22、watch out“小心”与其他动词短语的辨析 (4)break out及其他break短语的辨析,1. You strolling at the lake, the _ wind is brushing your face. How romantic! A. wild B. soft C. gentle D. light 【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信步于湖畔，和风拂面。多么富有诗情画意啊！gentle用于人时，指温柔文雅的举止，出于自我约束或对他人的体贴。指物时，强调物体运动的轻缓，符合语境。wild疯狂的；强烈的；soft 指人心肠柔软，言语婉转。,2. Doctors al

23、ways tell us that drinking too much _ our health，but some people dont care. Ais harm to Bdoes harmful to Cis harmful to Ddo harm to 【解析】选C。句意：医生总是告诉我们饮酒太多有害健康，但有些人却不在意。be harmful to sb. do harm to sb. 对某人有害。D项应用第三人称单数。,3. Stay away from Lynch. Hes a liar. Youll be cheated if you dont _. Abreak out B

24、watch out Ctake off Dset off 【解析】选B。句意：离林奇远点。他是个骗子。你要是不小心会被骗的。watch out注意，当心，符合句意。break out突发，爆发；take off起飞；set off出发，动身。,4. A quarrel broke out, which made him _ his family. A. break away B. break away from C. break down D. break out 【解析】选B。句意：争吵的爆发使他离开了他的家人。break away from脱离；break down垮掉；崩溃; break out 爆发。,