1、Unit 8,Grammar Focus,4a,Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.,1. A: Would you like something to drink? B: No, thanks. _. (just / drink some tea)2. A: I heard you lost your key. _? (find) B: No, not yet.,3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving?B: _. (already / leave)A: When _? (leave
2、)B: This morning. 4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight? B: No. _? (already/see the film),5. A: What do your parents think about our plan?B: I _ (not / tell them / yet),4b,Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.,Sally _ (love) reading. In the morning, s
3、he reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She _ already _ and in the evening she reads books. She _ already _ (read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction.,She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _ (be) l
4、ike in 50 years. She _ (finish) reading a book about robots last week and _ (write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she _ (not read) yet and she cant wait to read them!,4c,Complete the chart with information about
5、 you and a friend.,Grammar,The Present Perfect with already, yet,1. Have you watered the plants yet? Yes, I have already watered them. 2. Have you finished your homework yet?Yes, I have already finished it. 3. Have you found your bike yet? Yes, I have already found it.,现在完成时的构成: 现在完成时是由“助动词have / ha
6、s + 动词 的过去分词”构成。助动词要和主语的人 称、数保持一致。,现在完成时,现在完成时的用法: (1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常使用just, already, yet等时间副词。 Have you had lunch yet? 你吃了午饭吗？ Yes, Ive just had it. 是的, 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了),(2) 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,也可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可
7、能还要继续教)I havent seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。,现在完成时的时间状语: (1) 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中, yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 We have already finished our homework. 我们已完成家庭作业了。 They havent finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成家庭作业。,(2) 用ever和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未”等。Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
8、你曾经去过长城吗？ No, I have never been to the Great Wall. 不, 我从未去过长城。,(3) 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语, 如just, before, up to now等。 I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她, 但记不起在哪里见过。,(4) 与since或for表示一段时间的状语连 用, 表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始, 一直 持续到现在。since后接时间点或过去时 的句子；for后接时间段。,I havent seen him for two years. 我
9、已经两年没见到他了。 She has taught us since last year.自从去年起她教我们。 I have skated since I was four years old.从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。,现在完成时中延续性动词和终止性动词,英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的。 终止性动词也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词或点动词，如: become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, die, finish, get to know, go, join, marry, start, stop等。,终止性动词表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间
10、完成, 不能再延续, 所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用, 即不能与表示一段时间的状语, 如for + 时间段、 since + 时间点 / 从句连用, 也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句。,若保留for + 时间段, since + 时间点 / 从句, 或用在 how long句型中, 则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词。,以下是常用的瞬间性动词和延续性动词转换对应表: come be herebuy have borrow keep leave be away die be deadstop be over begin / start be on,单项选择。
11、 ( )1. Have you taken out the trash, Belly? _. Ill do it right away.A. Sorry, I have B. No, I didntC. No, I dont D. Not yet ( )2. Have you _ visited Shanghai? No, _.A. ever; not B. never; notC. ever; never D. never; ever,D,C,( )3. Could you go to the park with me this afternoon? Sorry, I _ there. I
12、went there yesterday.A. have gone B. have beenC. went D. was ( )4. Have you washed your clothes _? No, I havent. But I have cleaned the room _. A. ago; already B. yet; yetC. before; yet D. yet; already,B,D,( )5. I am a soldier. I _ the army _ about five years. A. have joined; sinceB. have joined; fo
13、r C. have been in; forD. have been in; since,C,1、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) _ _ have they been here? 2、The old man _ last year. (die / dead) He _ _ _ for a year. (die / dead) （选词填空） 3、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory _ for twenty years.,How long,died,has been
14、open,has been dead,4、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour. 5、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ .,has been away for,joined,ago,句型转换 1. I have finished my homework. I _ _ my homework. (改为否定句) _ you _ your homework? (改为
15、一般疑问句并作肯定回答) Yes，_ _. 答案：1. havent finished Have；finished；I have,2. His dream has come true. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) - _ his dream _ true? - No，_ _ . 答案：2. Has；come；it hasnt,中考链接,(2010 .河北省卷,41. 1) My brother left school in 2005, and since then he in Beijing.A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived (2010
16、湖北省黄冈市，35，1) - I joined the League _ May, 2008. What about you?-Ive been a League member _ three years.A. in; for B. on; in C. on; for D. in; since,D,A,（2011四川资阳）27. So far this year, many new houses _ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.A. build B. are built C. will build D. have been built 答案：D 【解析】考查动词的时态。句中有So far“到目前为止”，使用现在完成时态，故选D。,
