1、Unit 13,Grammar & Writing,Were trying to save the earth!,【语境领悟】 仔细观察例句, 体会句中动词形式的变化及句子的结构。 1. Were trying to save the earth! 2. Look, they are flying kites in the field. 3. When are you leaving for Beijing?,一、现在进行时,【知识构建】现在进行时: 表示现阶段或说话时正在发生的动作或长期的或重复性的动作, 说话时动作未必正在进行。(1)常用的时间状语: now, at the moment等
2、时间状语或句首有look, listen等提示词。(2)表示按计划将要发生的动作, 特别是表示位置转移的动词, 如go, come, leave, start等常用进行时表将来。,【温馨提示】(1)以here, there等开头的句子且动作正在发生时, 谓语动词一般不用进行时, 而用一般现在时。Look! There comes the bus. 看!公共汽车来了。 (2)表示心理活动的动词一般不用于进行时态。常见的此类动词有love, like, hate, know, understand, remember, want等。,【语境领悟】仔细观察例句, 体会句中use的形式变化及用法。 1
3、. The river used to be so clean! 2. You didnt use to eat chips when you were younger. 3. Did you use to play the piano? 4. He used to drink, didnt he?,二、used to的用法,【知识构建】used to是固定结构, 是一般过去时的一种形式, 后面跟动词原形。used to do意为“过去常常做”, 表示过去的习惯动作或状态, 现在已不发生或不存在, 否定形式为: didnt use to, 一般疑问句形式为Did sb. use to do.
4、. . ? 反意疑问句用didnt. . . ?,【归纳拓展】和used to do结构相似的表达还有be/get/become used to doing和be used to do。 (1)be/get/become used to doing意为“习惯于做”。My grandfather is used to going for a walk after dinner. 我爷爷习惯晚饭后去散步。 (2)be used to do意为“被用来做”, 是被动语态, 相当 于be used for doing。Wood can be used to make paper. 木头能用来造纸。,【
5、语境领悟】仔细观察例句, 体会句子结构及动词形式的变化。 1. The air is badly polluted. 2. The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 3. If you break the school rules, you will be punished. 4. Many foreign films have been shown on TV since last month. 5. Our classroom should be kept clean and tidy. 6. Are the babies being taken
6、 care of by this nurse?,三、被动语态,【知识构建】 以do为例, 掌握下列时态的被动结构, 形式变化如下:,【语境领悟】仔细观察例句, 体会句中动词的变化及所用的时态。 1.No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. 2. Mary has been ill for three days.,四、现在完成时,【知识构建】现在完成时的用法: 1. 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2. 表示从过去已经开始, 一直持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语: alread
7、y, yet, never, for+时间状语, since+表过去的时间点等。 I have already finished my homework. 我已经做完我的家庭作业了。,【语境领悟】You can only smoke in this room. 你只可以在这个房间里吸烟。It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。You must be here by ten oclock. 十点钟之前你必须到这。I dont believe you need worry. 我相信你没有必要担心。We should help save the sharks. 我们应该帮助拯救鲨
8、鱼。,五、情态动词,【知识构建】常见的情态动词有can, may, must, have to, need, should等。 1. can的基本用法 (1)表示体力或智力上的能力, 即“能够; 会”, 可与be able to转换。 (2)表示许可, 主要用于口语, 书面语一般用may。 (3)表示“可能”时, 一般用在疑问句和否定句中, 其否定形式cant表示推测“不可能; 一定不”。,2. may的基本用法 (1)表示“许可”, 用can比较口语化。 (2)may not表示按规定不许可, 如果用mustnt则表示说话人不许可。May I smoke here? 我可以在这里抽烟吗? N
9、o, you mustnt. 不行。 (3)肯定句中表示推测, “可能”。It may rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。,【温馨提示】(1)如果在疑问句中表示“可能”, 通常用can。Can it be true? 那会是真的吗? (2)常用句型: May I/we. . . ? Yes, you may. /No, you mustnt.,3. must的基本用法 (1)表示必须, 强调说话人的主观意志。表示“必须”时, must的否定式为neednt或dont have to, 而不是mustnt。Must I do it now? 我现在必须做吗? No, you need
10、nt/dont have to. 不, 你没必要。 (2)表示推测, 一般只用于肯定陈述句, 表示非常肯定。The pen must be Jims. It has his name on it. 这钢笔一定是吉姆的, 上面有他的名字。,4. have to的基本用法 (1)have to意思是“必须, 不得不”, 可视为情态动词, 但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情 态动词没有人称和数的变化, 而have to却有人称和数的变化, 要视主语的不同而变化。 (2)have to和must: must强调主观需要, have to强调客观需要。Its raining outside. Y
11、ou have to take your umbrella. 外面正在下雨, 你得带上雨伞。,5. need的基本用法 (1)need的基本词义是“需要”, 它既可作情态动词, 又可作实义动词。 (2)need用作情态动词时, 只用于否定句和疑问句。 它只有一种形式, 后接动词原形。【温馨提示】need用作实义动词时, 有时态、人称和数的变化。,6. should的用法should表示“应该; 应当”。should以及could, would, might 有时表示推测: (1)must多用于肯定句中表示把握性极大的推测, 意思为“一定, 肯定”。You have worked hard al
12、l day. You must be tired. 你已辛苦工作一整天了, 一定累了。 (2)can/could多用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中表示推测、怀疑, 两者在时间上没有差别。用can时不相信的程度更强一些, cant常常译为“不可能”。,The man under the tree cant be Tom. Hes gone to England. 树下那人不可能是Tom, 他已经去英国了。 (3)may/might多用来表示把握性不大的推测, 意为“也许, 可能”, might比may的把握性更小一些。,【学以致用】单项填空 1.Wait a minute! My brother h
13、is car in the garden. A. washes B. is washingC. washed D. will wash 2. Hurry up, or you catch the train. A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. shouldnt,B,A,3. Is Tom at home? No, he to town. A. has been B. has goneC. goes D. will go 4. The horse used to people do many things. A. help B. helping C. helps D.
14、 helpful,5. It is said that an Asian Culture Village inside the AYG Village in Nanjing in the coming Asian Youth Games period. A. builds B. is buildingC. will be built D. was built,A,B,C,1. cut down减少；缩减; 砍倒(树木) 【语境领悟】To cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. 为了
15、减少空气污染, 我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁,而不是开车。,【归纳拓展】cut的常用搭配,【学以致用】(1)The cook (cut) up the bananas and mixed it with milk. The milk shake tasted very delicious. (2)Alice, could you help me the meat? I want to make some dumplings for dinner. OK. Ill do it right away. A. put up B. give up C. use up D. cut up,D,cut,2.
16、advantage n. 优点 【语境领悟】There are other advantages of bike riding. 骑自行车还有其他的好处。He has always been taking advantage of me. 他老是在占我的便宜。,【自主归纳】(1)advantage名词, 意为“优点; 有利条件”, 常用复数形式。反义词为 , 意为“缺点; 不利条件”。 (2)advantage的常用搭配有the advantage(s) of意为 “的优点”, take advantage of sb. 意为“占某人便宜”, take the advantage of sth
17、. to do sth. 意为“利用某物做某事”。,disadvantage,【学以致用】(1)我们应当尽可能利用这一点。We should all this as possible as we can. (2)For a football goalkeeper, its a great to have big hands. A. experience B. advantage C. dream D. change,B,take,the advantage of,请仔细阅读英文校刊New Standard的“征稿启事”，并观察所给的6张照片，按照要求写出意思连贯，符合逻辑，不少于60词的短文。
18、（请不要写出你的姓名和校名。）,Did you save water today? “Water Saving Week” is coming. Picture Talk invites you to join. Here are six pictures about the drought （干旱）in Southwest China. Which one moves you most? And you _ _ _,Did You Save Water Today?I was greatly shocked by the six pictures, especially the one wh
19、ich shows a six-year-old child is helping carry water home. Because of the worst drought, every drop of water seems so important to a family. I think its a great shame to waste water while millions are in great need of water. I used to waste water. I sometimes left the water running when I was brush
20、ing teeth.,【参考范文】,Now I find it wrong to do so and Ill remember to turn off the tap when I am doing the washing. Besides, Ill save the used water for later use. Its also a good idea to encourage my friends and family members to join me!Water is important in our life and everyone has the duty to save it. I believe if everyone makes a little effort, we can make a big difference.,【解析】写作要点齐全，注意过去时态，一般将来时态的准确使用；词汇要丰富，尽量使用课本上有关环保话题的好词好句。,
