1、2012 年普通高等学校招生 全国统一考试 （ 英语 全国卷 2) 第 卷 第一部分 英语知识运用 ( 满分 50 分) 第一节 语音知识 ( 共 5 小题；每小题 1 分， 满分 5 分) 从 A 、B 、C 、D 四 个 选项中 ， 找出 其划 线部 分 与所给 单词 的划 线部 分读 音相同 的选 项， 并 在答 题卡上 将该 项涂 黑。 例：have A gave B save C hat D made 答案是 C 。 theater A treasure B wheat C season D realize persuade A usual B insist C sugar D tr
2、easure company A alone B carrot C money D knock opposite A service B outside C pioneer D police society A official B recent C chocolate D difficult 第二节 语法和词汇 知识 ( 共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个 选项中 ，选 出可 以入 空白 处的最 佳选 项， 并在 答题 卡上将 该项 涂黑 。 例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child
3、_ he or she wants. A however B whatever C whichever D whenever 答案是 B What shall we do tonight then? _ whatever you want. A Help yourself B Its a deal C No problem D Its up to you He missed _ gold in the high jump, but will get _ second chance in the long jump. A the; the B 不填; a C the; a D a; 不填 Tha
4、t evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A that B which C what D when Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning. A herself B this C that D it Tony lent me the money, _ that Id do as much for him. A hoping B to hope C hoped D having h
5、oped I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phone me to go back home at once. A when B than C until D after We _ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day. A set about B set up C set out D set down Next to biology, I like physics _ . A better B best C the better D very wel
6、l Did you ask Sophia for help? I _ need to I managed perfectly well on my own. A wouldnt B dont C didnt Dwont The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _ anything that happened to be on. A to watch B watching C watched D to have watched 100 is the temperature _ which water will
7、 boil. A for B at C on D of Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money. A can B might C would D need The manager _ the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m. A has told B is telling C has been telling D will have told The Harry Potter books are quite popular; th
8、ey are in great _ in this city. A quality B progress C production D demand Try not to work yourself too hard Take it easy. Thanks _ A So what? B No way. C What for? D You, too 第三节 完形填空 ( 每小题 1 5 分) 阅 读下 面短 文， 从短 文后各 题所 给的 四个 选项 (A 、B 、C 和 D) 中， 选出 可以填 入空 白处 的最 佳选项 ，并 在答 题卡 上将 该项涂 黑。 Around twenty ye
9、ars ago I was living in York 21 I had a lot of experience and a Masters degree, I could not find 22 work. 21A As B Though C If D When 连词 22A successful B extra C satisfying D Convenient 形 容词 I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat I had 25 five in
10、terviews ( 面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job “Why has my life become so 27 ?” I thought painfully. 23A driving B repairing C taking D Designing 动词 24A working B traveling C discussing D living 动词 25A prepared for B attended C asked for D Held 动词
11、26A lose B like C find D get 动词 27A hard B busy C serious D short 形 容词 As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earring 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed ( 认领) it The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”. 28A wave at B drop off C call on D look for 动短 29A orderin
12、g B promising C saying D showing 动词 30A in case B or else C as if D now that 连词 At first I got angry Then it 31 me I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy with Later, I decided to
13、35 more things to the list That night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 She asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress ( 压力) management to 200 medical workers I said yes. 31 A hurt B hit C caught D Moved 动词 32 A feelings B attention C strength D Inte
14、rests 名词 33 A opinions B education C experiences D Life 名词 34 A list B book C check D copy 名词 35 A connect B turn C keep D add 动词 36 A her B a passenger C me D my friend 名词 37 A hospital B factory C restaurant D Hotel 名词 38 A listen to B review C give D talk about 动词 My 39 there went very well, and
15、before long I got a well-paid job To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life. 39 A plan B choice C day D Tour 名词 40 A operation B speaking C employment D thinking 名词 21 A As B Though C If D When 22 A successful B extra C satisfying D convenient 23
16、 A driving B repairing C taking D designing 24 A working B travelling C discussing D living 25 A prepared for B attended C asked for D held 26 A lose B like C find D get 27 A hard B busy C serious D short 28 A wave at B drop off C call on D look for 29 A ordering B promising C saying D showing 30 A
17、in case B or else C as if D now that 31 A hurt B hit C caught D moved 32 A feelings B attention C strength D interests 33 A opinions B education C experiences D life 34 A list B book C check D copy 35 A connect B turn C keep D add 36 A her B a passenger C me D my friend 37 A hospital B factory C res
18、taurant D hotel 38 A listen to B review C give D talk about 39 A plan B choice C day D tour 40 A operation B speaking C employment D thinking 第二部分 阅读理解 ( 满分 45 分) 第一节 语篇阅 读 ( 每小题 2 分) 第 一节 阅 读下 列短 文，从 每题 所给 的四 个选 项(A 、B 、C 和 D) 中， 选 出最佳 选项 ，并 在答 题 卡上将 该项 涂黑 。( 每 小题 2 分) (A) 1.Cold weather can hard o
19、n pets, just like it can be hard on people Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter ( 住所) as they are Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors This can put their pets in danger of
20、 serious illness There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe. 2.Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad If you have to take them out, stay outside with them When youre cold enough to go inside, they probably are too I you must leave them outside for a long
21、time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water. 3.If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, an
22、d provide them with shelter of good quality Keep an eye on your pets water Sometimes owners dont realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet cant get anything to drink Animals that dont have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them
23、. 41 What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1? A They are often forgotten by their owners.B They are used to living outdoors. C They build their own shelter.D They like to stay in warm places. 42 Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather? A To know when t
24、o bring them inside.B To keep them from eating bad food. C To help them find shelters.D To keep them company. 43 If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may _. A run short of clean water B dig deep holes for funC dirty the snow nearby D get lost in the wild 44 What is the purpos
25、e of this text? A To solve a problem. B To give practical advice. C To tell an interesting story. D To present a research result. (B) 1.You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it You do not need to be strong But you need to be quick And you need to underst
26、and a few basic rules about the wind. First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail. Lets start with the wind blowing from the
27、 behind This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat It should be at a 90 angle ( 角度) to the boat Then it will catch the wind best. If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat In this case, you must keep
28、the sail half way outside the boat It should be at a 45 angle to the boat It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldnt flap ( 摆动) It shouldnt look like on a flagpole If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down. Sailing into the wind is not possible
29、If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop You may want to go in that direction It is possible, but you cant go in a straight line You must go first in one direction and then in another This is called tacking When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat. 45 What sho
30、uld you consider first while sailing? A Sailors strength. B Wave levels. C Wind directions. D Size of sails. 46 What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to? A The boat. B The wind. C The sail. D The angle. 47 What do you have to do when sailing against the wind? A Move in a straight l
31、ine. B Allow the sail to flap. C Lower the sail. D Tack the boat. 48 Where can you probably find the text? A In a popular magazine. B In a tourist guidebook. C In a physics textbook. D In an official report. (C) Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships For
32、example, in American culture ( 文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure Yet it also has other uses A womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child A smile may show love or politeness It can also hide true feelings It often cause
33、s confusion ( 困惑) across cultures For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities) Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong place
34、s; some Americans believe that Russians dont smile enough In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile. Our faces show emotions ( 情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another cul
35、ture as we would “read” someone from our own culture The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted For examp
36、le, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly. It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differen
37、ces in the United States People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “readi
38、ng” the other person incorrectly. 49 What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.? A Love. B Politeness. C Joy. D Thankfulness. 50 The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can _ . A show friendliness to strangers B be used to hide true feelings C be used in the wrong place
39、s D show personal habits 51 What should we do before attempting to “read” people? A Learn about their relations with others.B Understand their cultural backgrounds. C Find out about their past experience.D Figure out what they will do next. 52 What would be the best title for the test? A Cultural Di
40、fferences B Smiles and RelationshipC Facial Expressiveness D Habits and Emotions (D) ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia One of the worlds most famous fossils ( 化石) the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton ( 骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United Stat
41、es, officials said Tuesday. Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texa
42、s, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S tour, which will start in Houston next September. “Ethiopias rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum. The six-year tour will also go to Was
43、hington, New York, Denver and Chicago Officials said six other U.S cities may be on the tour But they said plans had not been worked out. Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils. Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton
44、 of what was once a 312 -foot-tall ape-man ( 猿人). 53 The author writes this text mainly to _ . A introduce a few U.S museumsB describe some research work C discuss the value of an ape-manD report a coming event 54 What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A A painting of the skeleton.
45、 B A photograph of Lucy C A copy of the skeleton. D A written record of Lucy. 55 How many cities has Lucys U.S tour plan already included? A Four. B Five. C Six. D Eleven. 56 What was the skeleton named after? A An ape-man. B A song. C A singer. D A camp. (E) Make Up Your Mind to Succeed Kind-hearte
46、d parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyones winter.” And their report cards sounded more positive ( 正面的) than ever before As a result, Stan
47、ford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.” Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it Heres how they work: A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent ( 才能) is genetic youre a born artist, point guard, or numbers person The fixed mind-set believes its sure to succeed without much effort and regard
