1、学优中考网 2012 中考英语：名师点拨语法及满分训练题【答案解析】第 7 篇【介词】-中 *正误辨析*误 We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.正 We got to the top of the mountain at day break.析 at 用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。误 Dont sleep at daytime正 Dont sleep in daytime.析 in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afte
2、rnoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter 等等。误 We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.正 We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.析 in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为 on, 如：on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th误 He became a writ
3、ter at his twenties正 He became a writter in his twenties析 这句话应译为：他在 20 多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词 in 来表示，而在具体岁数时用 at 来表示。误 He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.正 He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.析 在具体年岁前用 at, 如：at the age of 12， at your age， 等等。误 We went to swim in the r
4、iver in a very hot day.正 We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.析 具体某一天要用介词 on, 又如：on New Years Day误 Im looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.学优中考网 正 Im looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.析 在节日的当天用 on，而全部节日期间用 at,Christmas 是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。误 I havent see you during the summe
5、r holidays.正 I havent seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.析 during 表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而 for 表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：I havent see you for a long time. 而 through 用来表示时间时则为“整整，全部的时间“。如：It rained through the night. 而 since 则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完
6、成时连用。误 At entering the classroom, I heard the good news.正 On entering the classroom, I heard the good news.析 On 加动名词表示 “一就“。本句的译文应是：我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如：on hearing 一听见， on arrival 一到达就(on 表示动作的名词)误 In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.正 At the beginning of the book, there a
7、re some interesting stories.析 at the begining 与 at the end 都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而 in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the endat last 是指“最终，终于“之意。误 Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.正 By the end of next week. I will have finished this work.析 by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为“不迟于某一时刻将工作做完“，
8、所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：Ill be there by five oclock.而 till 则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：I wont finish this work till(until) next 学优中考网 weekend.误 He came to London before last weekend.正 He had come to London before last weekend.正 He came to London two weeks ago.析 before 一般要与完成时
9、连用，而 ago 则与一般过去时连用。 误 I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.正 I have studied English for three years since I came here.析 since 用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能用完成时态误 I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours.正 I can help you repair this bike. You will ge
10、t it in two hours.析 中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，而这个介词在英文中要用 in 而不要用 after。其原因有二，after 多用于过去时，如： I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. after 加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，如：after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词 in。误 Three days after he died.正 After three days he died.正 Three
11、 days later he died.析 after 与 later 都可以用来表达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不同， after 在时间词前，而 later 在时间词后。 误 She hid herself after the tree.正 She hid herself behind the tree.析 after 多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，如：I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而 behind 则多用于静态事物之后。学优中考网 * 例题解析*1 - Th
12、ank you the beautiful flowers!- Not at all.A in B on C at D for 答案 D. 析 由于某事向某人道谢应用 for。2 Can you answer this question English?A by B in C with D from答案 B. 析 in 表示用语言、声音、或材料，如：He answered the question in a low voice.3 Look the map China the wall, please.A after, of, in B at, of, in C after, in, on D
13、 at, of, on 答案 D. 析 look at 为“ 看“，而 on the wall 为“在墙表面挂着“，而 in the wall 则是“在墙内“，如： There is hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。4 - When did Mr Green arrive in London?- He arrived there the evening of December 6th.A at B in C on D to答案 C. 析 in the evening / afternoon 这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为 on,如：on a cold mo
14、rning, on a spring morning 等。5 We won the relay race. And there was a big smile our teachers face.A off B near C on D between学优中考网 答案 C. 6 The twins got on well their classmates.A to B in C with D about答案 C. 析 get on well with 与人相处很好。7 - Please remember to come to my birthday party.- I see. Ill come
15、 Saturday evening.A in B at C on D for答案 C. 8 Lets hurry， or well be late schoolA to B at C with D for答案 D.析 be late for， 而 come late to， 如： Dont come late to school9 They will have a maths test two daysA for B at C in D after答案 C.析 三天之内应用 in，而不要受中文影响用 after， after three days 是个不定的时间范围，即没有一个准确的时间。5
16、天、6 天、10 天全是 after three days。10 My brother joined the army A 1989， March B in March， 1989 C March， 1989 D 1989， in March 学优中考网 答案 B.析 在月份、年、前用介词 in，而日子前用 on。三、精选练习题及答案第一段1.Our hobby group has a rule: all the members must speak and write _ English.A, in B, into C, through D, at2.Excuse me, do I pay
17、_ credit card (信用卡) in your shop.A, for B, with C, on D, by3.The teachers in our school had some activities _ the afternoon of March 28.A, to B, at C, in D, on4.Many people look _ going to Beijing for the Olympic Games in 2008.A, at B, after C, forward to D, out of5.Nowadays the Great Wall is famili
18、ar _ many foreigners.A, in B, to C, at D, with6.13 earthquakes took place in the west of Iran _ March 30th, 2006.A, from B, in C, on D, at7.George W. Bush paid a three-day visit to China _ Saturday evening last November.A, in B, at C, on D, by8.Disney is famous _ its fantastic theme parks, like Disn
19、eyworld in Florida.A, at B, with C, for D, by9.Theyll arrive _ an hour.A, without B, within C, after D, for10.Earthquake in South Asia took place _ early October, 2005.A, with B, in C, at D, for11.Sports can help you make friends. Its a good way to get along _ people.学优中考网 A, for B, with C, of D, in
20、12.Tres take harmful gas _ the air, and release oxygen _ the air.A, in. into B, into, from C, for, into D, from, into13.Do you know that smoking is bad _ your health?A, to B, of C, about D, for14.Beijing is famous _ its roast duck.A, from B, at C, in D, for15.The film began soon after all the lights
21、 in the cinema went _.A, on B, out C, off D, up16.He suddenly returned _ a cold rainy night.A, at B, on C, in D, for17.Cathy looked _ a sick dog well.A, after B, at C, for D, into18.Dont worry, you can share the umbrella _ me. Lets go home together.A, with B, for C, on D, of19.Our class teacher usua
22、lly comes to school a bit earlier than others _ the morning.A, / B, in C, at D, on20.The terrible storm prevented us _ going home after school.A, to B, from C, on D, by21.The film, The barber, directed by Chen Yifei, was first shown _ Shanghai _ April 9, 2006.A, in, on B, on, in C, at, on D, in, in2
23、2.Hes got a lot to do there, so he wont be back _ tomorrow.A, at B, since C, until D, by23.The plane will arrive _ 3:30 p.m. Please wait a moment.A, until B, at C, in D, since学优中考网 24.Alice is always kind _ others. We are all pleased _ her kindness.A, to, for B, of, for C, to, with D, of, with25.It
24、is said that the train accident in Madrid, Spain killed _ people. No Chinese was _them.A, two hundred, among B, two hundreds, among C, two-hundred, between D, two hundreds, between26._ the first morning of the New Year, people found the poor girl dead around the corner.A, On B, In C, At D, For27._ t
25、he afternoon of May 1st, the visitors will visit three places of interest in Shanghai.A, On B, In C, At D, By28.This type of mobile phone can take pictures _ a camera.A, from B, for C, like D, with29.If you go out _ a clear night, youll see lots of stars.A, in B, on C, at D, of30.We are glad to hear
26、 that the chairman of Guomindang will come to the mainland for a peace visit _ April 26th. It will be a good beginning for the relation between the two sides.A, in B, to C, on D, at31.Most of the students in our class come to school _ bicycle.A, by B, on C, with D, in32.According _ the research, Sudan I (苏丹红 1 号) is bad for our health.A, for B, on C, to D, in参考答案学优中考网 第一段1-10 ADDCB CCCBB 11-20 BDDDB BAABB 21-30 ACBCA AACBC 31-32 AC
