1、,一般 现在时,一般 过去时,一般 将来时,一般 过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时,现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来 完成进行时,study studies,studied,will study,would study,am/is/are studying,was/were studying,will be studying,would be studying,have/has studied,had studied,will have studied,would have studied
2、,have/has been studying,had been studying,will have been studying,would have been studying,解题必备知识 （一）时态中谓语动词变化规则 (1) 动词第三人称单数形式变化规则: 1.read_; work_ 2.teach_; wash_;pass_; fix_; go_ 3.study_ (do_;play_; try_;fly_;destroy_;reach_) (2) 动词过去式/过去分词变化规则： (不规则动词表需特别记忆) 1.look_ ;want _; play_; 2. hope_; use
3、_;like_ 3.study_; carry_ 4.stop_;refer_ (help_;try_;love_;drop_;worry_;serve_;plan_),reads,works,teaches,washes,passes,fixes,goes,studies,does,plays,tries,flies,destroys,reaches,looked,wanted,played,hoped,used,liked,studied,carried,stopped,referred,helped,tried,loved,dropped,worried,served,planned,(
4、3) 动词现在分词变化规则： 1.ask_ ;carry_;do_ e_; dance_;take_ 3.begin_;get_;ban_ 4.die_ (study_;make_;have_;lie_; write_;pass_;read_;swim_; sit_;tie_;stop_;date_) (4) be-(I)_;_ (He/ She / It / Tom)_;_ (We/ You / They)_;_ (5) have-_;_,studying,making,having,lying,writing,passing,reading,swimming,sitting,tying,s
5、topping,dating,am was,is was,are were,has,had,asking,carrying,doing,coming,dancing,taking,beginning,getting,banning,dying,（二）主动语态与被动语态的转化 常见句式：主语(受动者)+be+ved(动词过去分词)+(by+施动者) (注:时态由be动词变化)主动语态变为被动语态时， 其谓语动词的_要原句时态_， 其谓语动词的_和_要与新_保持一致, 1)They laughed at him last week.(变成被动语态) _ 2)I saw him enter the
6、house.(变成被动语态) _ 3)I gave Jim a book yesterday.(变成被动语态) _ 4)My mother made me a cake.(变成被动语态) _,时态,保持一致,人称,数,主语,He was laughed at by them last week.,He was seen to enter the house by me.,A book was given to Jim by me yesterday.,Jim was given a book by me yesterday.,A cake was made for me by my mothe
7、r.,（三）被动语态在不同时态中的运用：1._ 1. These theories _never_(doubt) by anyone. 2. The item is so tiny that it_always_(ignore).2._ 1. The ancient temples _(remove) by workers now. 2. The latest hit“Coco”_(put)on in the whole country. 3. At present a wonderful performance _ (give) in our school. 4. Now a great n
8、umber of heavy weapons_ (transport) to the frontier.3._ 1. A new logo _(already design) for the product. 2. Many bad habits _(form) in the poor environment ever since. 3. The long and big kite_(fly)by the old man.,are doubted,is ignored,一般现在时：主语+am/is/are ved,is being put,are being removed,is being
9、given,are being transported,现在进行时：主语+am/is/are being ved,has already been designed,have been formed,has been flown,现在完成时：主语+have/has been ved,4._ 1. Such a valuable palace _(explode) by the western invaders in 1860. 2. An invitation for the party_(send) to him last week. 3. His jewels_ _(add)up and
10、the total reached more than 100 pieces. 4. All hope_(not lose). 5. Our new country_(found) in 1949. 6. The cleaner _(reward) with 1000 yuan for his effort in saving the boy.5._ 1.1.Our headteacher _(interview) by a campus journalist when we rang him up. 2.The employees _(train) by the director at ni
11、ne yesterday morning. 6._ 1. The evidence _(hide) before the witness reported to the police. 2. A million or so copies _(sell) before the band broke up. 3. All means _(make) full use of to solve the problem, but they all didnt work. 4. It was the first time that he_(rescue) from death. 5. No sooner
12、_he_(tell) the secret than he burst into tears.,was exploded,was sent,were added,was not lost,was founded,was rewarded,一般过去时：主语+was/were ved,was being interviewed,were being trained,过去进行时：主语+was/were being ved,had been hidden,had been sold,had been made,had been rescued,过去完成时：主语+had been ved,had bee
13、n told,7._ 1.Soon the dirty ground _(replace) by a modern stadium. 2.Theres no doubt that she_(admit) into PeKing University. 3.Before long a very important role _ (play) in the development of society by educated women. 4.If you dont obey the traffic rules, you_ (fine) or even _(sentence) to prison.
14、,will be replaced,will be admitted,will be played,will be fined,sentenced,一般将来时：主语+will be ved,(三) 被动语态使用中需要注意的地方1._ 1. It can_(prove) that all roads lead to Rome. 2. Be careful, or you might_(knock) down by a car. 3. The injured man could_hardly_ (recognize) to be our commander. 4. What we said at
15、the meeting must_ (set) down.2._ 1. We could see a girl who_(trap) under the ruins. 2. The house which_(decorate) was ruined by the earthquake. 3. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes _(destroy). 4. There was a time when women _(force)to bind their feet. 5. As_(expect), the air quality h
16、as improved over the last two months.,be proved,be knocked,be recognized,have been set,情态动词：主语+情态动词+be ved/have been ved,was being trapped,was being decorated,had been destroyed,were forced,is expected,被动语态在定语从句中的使用,3._ 1.The cook _(find) smoking while cooking, which was the reason why he_ (fire). 2
17、. Once some pop stars children _ (make) to advertise on TV.4._ 1. 1.It was the last son who_ (think highly of) by the great man, and he finally succeed his father as king. 2.The wounded will_(look after) carefully after he_(send)to a distant village tomorrow. 3.An official reply_(look forward to) by
18、 the workers on strike. 4.The computer _(take apart) by the boy when his parents broke into the room.,was found,was fired,were made,was being taken apart,was highly thought of,be looked after,is sent,is being looked forward to,复合宾语的被动语态,含有介词的动词短语的被动语态,5._ 1.1.We must make full use of waste to recycl
19、e useful materials. Full use must_. Waste must_. 2.Much attention should_(pay) to students health. 3.No joke can_(play) on such a serious thing. 4.Great importance_(attach) to improving ones quality.,be made of waste to recycle useful materials,be made full use of to recycle useful materials,be paid
20、,be played,is attached,含动词+名词+介词的动词短语的被动语态,（五）动词的主动形式表示被动意义的情况 1. The piece of music_ ( sound ) beautiful. 2. His theory_ ( prove ) wrong. 3. The overcoat_ ( dry ) easily.The overcoat_(dry)the other day. 4. The cloth_ (wear ) well. 5. Your pen_ ( write ) quite smoothly. 6. The kind of fruit_ ( sell
21、) well.The kind of fruit_(sell) in one hour. 7. Great changes_ ( already take place). 8. Your problem_ ( come ) up at the meeting yesterday. 9. Our oil_ ( just give / run ) out. 10.The novel is well worth_(read). 11.The flowers need_(water). 12.The door wont/cant_(shut/lock/open/move). 13.The spoile
22、d kid has a lot of questions to_(ask).,sounds,proves,dries,was dried,wears,writes,sells,was sold,have already taken place,came,has just given / run,reading,watering / to be watered,shut / lock / open / move,ask,（六）不用被动语态的情况 1.谓语动词是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own,hate,fail,con
23、tain等,不用被动语态1)The pilot _(own) a local pub. 2)The key_ just ( fit ) the lock. 2.谓语是不及物动词或短语时，不用被动语态1)The valuable vase_ ( belong ) to my half sister.2)Whatever you have found, you should give it back to whomever it_(belong)to.3)The war _(break out) in the end.4)We all_ ( already take ) part in the sports meet. 3.宾语是反身代词,相互代词,不定式,ving形式及抽象名词等时,一般不用被动语态.因为反身代词,相互代词不可作主语。 e.g: We live a happy life here. 4.像lose heart,make a face, keep silence, lose in thought. 这类动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式，不能用被动式.,owns,fits,belongs,belongs,broke out,have already taken,
