1、,现在完成时复习,Review of the Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时的构成：have/has + 动词的过去分词,注：动词过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化，规则变化的动词过去分词与过去式是一样的，不规则变化的动词须特殊记忆。,规则动词过去分词的构成,1. 一般在动词后直接加-ed,构成规则,2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接加-d,3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这 个辅音字母，再加-ed,4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变“y”为“i”再加-ed,例词,look looked,play played,live lived,hope ho
2、ped,stop stopped,plan planned,study studied,carry carried,写出下列动词的过去分词：,worklikecrystaylearn,usehelpfinishcookarrive,worked,liked,cried,stayed,learned,used,helped,finished,cooked,arrived,不规则动词过去分词的构成,1. 三个主要动词,is, am beare,waswere,been,have/has,had,had,do/does,did,done,2. AAA型 （三者一致）,cut cut cut,let
3、let let,put put put,cost cost cost,read read read,3. ABA型 （过去分词与原形一致）,come came come,become became become,run ran run,4. ABB型 （过去分词与过去式一致）,bring brought brought,find found found,hear heard heard,keep kept kept,make made made,此外还有leave, win, tell, spend, say，meet等等。,5. ABC型 （三者不一致）,eat ate eaten,give
4、 gave given,write wrote written,see saw seen,get got gotten,begin began begun,此外还有go, take, know, speak, swim等等。,现在完成时的用法：,1. 表示已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,1） 标志词:,already:yet:,多用于陈述句，位于have/has后，有时位于句末。,e.g. I have already finished my homework.,用于疑问句和否定句，位于句尾。,e.g. Have you found your lost book yet ?I have
5、nt had breakfast yet.,ever :never:,多用于疑问句，问初次经历。,e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing?,用于否定句，位于have/has后,e.g. He has never argued with other people.,just :before:,多用于陈述句，位于have/has后,e.g. Lucy has just washed her clothes.,可用于各句式，位于句尾。,e.g. I have read this book before.He hasnt been abroad before.Have y
6、ou flown to Hainan before?,2）无标志词的：,e.g. He is not feeling well now. He has caught a cold.I have lost the key. I cant go into my room.,2. 表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作 或状态。,标志词:,1）for +一段时间 e.g. We have lived in this city for ten years.,2） since +过去点时间since +一段时间+agosince +从句（从句用一般过去式）e.g. He has worked here s
7、ince 1990.She has taught in this school since two years ago.We have known each other since we met.,3） so far, once/twice/ three times ,all ones life,e.g. They have learnt 2000 words so far.Tom has seen the film twice. Her father has worked in the factory all his life.,4） in the past +一段时间 during the
8、 last +一段时间,e.g. They have built many high buildings in the past three years.,Great changes have taken place in my hometown during the last two years,3. have / has been to have / has gone tohave / has been in,曾经去过某地,到某地去了,在某地呆了多长时间,1. A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei?B: He _his school library.2. The Greens _Ch
9、ina for three years.3. We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful.,has gone to,have been in,have been to,翻译下列句子,她曾经去过上海。,She has been to Shanghai before.,他在上海10年了。,He has been in Shanghai for ten years,他去上海了。,He has gone to Shanghai.,.肯定句：主语 have/has+过去分词其他成分。,现在完成时态的句式：,.否定句：主语have/has+not+过去分词其他
10、成分。,3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语过去分词其他成分？,4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词have/has其他成分？,肯定句：I have cleaned my bedroom.,否定句：I havent cleaned my bedroom.,一般疑问句：Have you cleaned your bedroom?,现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：,现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响，与现在有关。 一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。,He has studied English for five years.,He studied English f
11、or five years.,（学习英语已经五年了，现在仍然在学）,（只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。）,EXERCISE,He _(work) in our school for one year.2. He _(come) to our school last year/in 2002.3. They _(cook) the supper already.4. They _ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.,has worked,came,have cooked,cooked,1. Have you met Mr Li _？. just . a
12、go .before . a moment ago,2. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written,3.Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better,4.Harry Potter is a very nic
13、e film .I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see,5. These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone,6. _ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished B. Have ; done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish,B,B,
