1、,break 构成的短语还学过哪几个？分别有什么含义？ 【思考提示】 break out爆发；break in 打断，闯入；break into 闯入，破门而入；break away from 脱离；break off 折断，中断，断绝；break up 驱散，拆散。,. 词汇知识 1. found vt. 兴建，创建，建立，创立 【原句】The city was founded in the 8th century BC. （P42）这座城市兴建于公元前八世纪。 Her family founded the college in 1895. 她的家族1895年创办了这所学院。 Their m
2、arriage was founded on love and mutual respect. 他们的婚姻是建立在爱情和相互尊重的基础上的。,The school, _ in 1987, is one of the most famous schools. 2011大庆高一检测 A. founded B. found C. founding D. to found 【解析】选A。句意：这所学校于1987年建立，是最出名的学校之一。found创建、建立，在句中作后置定语。,2. take over 夺取；接管 【原句】In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompeii.
3、 （P42） 公元前89年，罗马人接管了庞贝城。,You watch them until ten oclock, and then Ill take over. 你看他们看到10点钟，然后我接班。 CBS records were taken over by Sony. 哥伦比亚广播公司的唱片公司已被索尼公司收购。 When Mr. Green retired, his son took over the business from him. 格林先生退休后由他儿子接管他的生意。,The plane took off despite the fog. 尽管有雾，飞机仍照常起飞。 The ki
4、nd old lady offered to take in the poor homeless boy. 那个好心的老太太主动收留了这个无家可归的男孩。 She took up the story where John had left off. 她接着讲约翰未讲完的故事。,表达“控制，管理”的短语我们还学过哪几个？请列举。 【思考提示】 take control of; in control of,用适当的介词或副词填空 Youre very unfit; you ought to take up running. The accident happened as the jet was
5、about to take off . What is good and still useful should be taken over . I want to take away the book which you showed me yesterday. Tom carefully took down what the teacher said.,3. pour vi. 涌流，倾泻 vt. 倒出（液体） 【原句】On 24 August AD 79, the volcano erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto t
6、he surrounding countryside. （P42) 公元79年8月24日，火山喷发。火山岩浆、火山灰及岩石喷涌而出覆盖了周围的村庄。,People poured into the store to buy salt, causing the panic buying. 人们涌入商店买盐，引起了恐慌购买。 Pour the mixture into a dish and bake for 45 minutes. 把混合物倒进盘子里并烘烤45分钟。,Waste water should be treated before it _ into river. A. pours B. p
7、oured C. is pouring D. is poured 【解析】选D。句意：废水被倒入河中之前，应该先被处理。pour“倾倒”为及物动词，故用被动语态。,4. flee vt. & vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开 【原句】It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash. （P43） 原来，火山灰覆
8、盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。,Earthquake victims have been forced to flee their homes. 地震灾民被迫逃离了家园。 Many artists fled to America at the beginning of World War II. 在二战初期很多艺术家逃到了美国。,All the teachers and students managed to _ the shaking teaching building when the earthquake happened. A. flee
9、 B. flush C. sneak D. slip 【解析】选A。句意：地震发生时所有老师和学生都设法逃出了晃动的教学楼。flee“逃离，逃走”。,5. destroy vt. 毁坏；摧毁 【原句】Its hard to imagine how this peaceful volcano destroyed the whole city! (P43) 很难想像这座平静的火山是如何毁掉整座城市的。,Half of the worlds rainforests have already been destroyed. 世界上一半的热带雨林已经被毁。 Earthquake destroyed th
10、e town, killing about 20, 000 people. 地震摧毁了这个城镇，造成大约20 000人死亡。 The action destroyed any remaining hope of reaching an agreement. 这次行动彻底摧毁了达成协议的最后一点希望。,The building must be saved from destruction. 必须挽救这栋大楼以免遭到摧毁。,完成句子 The hurricane destroyed many villages (摧毁了很多村庄), as well as the churches. The destr
11、uction of the environment (环境的破坏)is getting worse and worse.,6. ruin n. 废墟；毁坏 vt. 破坏，毁灭 【原句】A scholar from the local cultural institute, Professor Zhang, told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom. （P43） 当地文化研究所的一个学者张教授告诉我们，大约在1900年，
12、欧洲的探险者Sven Hedin发现了楼兰王国遗址。,The city lay in ruins after the earthquake. 地震之后，这座城市变成了一片废墟。,The castle has fallen into ruin. 那城堡已破败不堪。 His overwork ruined his health. 他过度工作毁坏了他的健康。 Circumstances have combined to ruin our plans for a holiday. 各种情况凑在一起破坏了我们的假日计划。,After the big earthquake, many buildings
13、were destroyed, but the local people still repaired the damaged ones and built some new ones to keep their hometown from coming to ruin. 大地震后，许多建筑物都彻底毁坏了，但是当地居民还是修理了一些损坏不是很严重的房屋而且新建了一些建筑，以避免他们家乡的毁灭。,We saw the _ houses and the _ trees all over the villageit must have been hit by a hurricane. 2011成都高
14、一检测 A. ruined; falling B. ruining; falling C. ruined; fallen D. ruining; fallen 【解析】选C。考查分词作定语。ruin与fall作定语并表示被动与完成，故用过去分词。,7. remains n. 遗物，遗迹，遗骸 【原句】Sven found the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand. . . (P43) Sven发现了埋藏于沙子下面的建筑物遗迹,The archeologists found some remains of the Song Dynasty.
15、 考古学家发现了一些宋代遗迹。 After the fire, very little remained of his house. 火灾过后，他的家所剩无几。 She remained silent all night. 她整个晚上沉默不语。 Several problems remain to be solved. 有几个问题尚待解决。,In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. 2010福建，34 A. sticking B. stuck C. to be st
16、uck D. to have stuck 【解析】选B。考查动词用法。remain用作连系动词，接过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作。句意：由于火山灰的原因，四月份仍有成千上万的度假者滞留在国外。该空用过去分词表示主语所处的状态。,. 难句剖析 1. Near the city was a volcano. (P42) 在城市附近有一座火山。本句为完全倒装，near the city为地点状语位于句首，要用完全倒装。,In front of the house stand two apple trees. 房子前边长着两棵苹果树。 In the forest lived a
17、 beautiful princess and seven dwarves. 在森林里住着一位美丽的公主和七个小矮人。 On the desk were some flowers. 桌子上放着一些鲜花。,完全倒装的情况一共有几种？你知道吗？ 【思考提示】 共4种。 （1）now, then, here, there 等副词位于句首时： Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 (2)up，down, in, out, away, off等副词位于句首时： Out rushed a big dog. 突然冲出来一条大狗。 A
18、way went the director without a word. 主任没有说一句话就走了。,(3)表语位于句首时： Present at the meeting were some scientists from China. 几位来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 (4)表示地点的介词短语放在句首时： On the wall hang two large portraits. 墙上挂着两幅巨大的画像。,At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _, one of the ten largest citi
19、es in China. 2010重庆，33 A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 【解析】选A。考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，主语为名词Chongqing，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。,2. Many people were buried alive, and so was the city. (P42) 许多人被活埋了，整个城市也被淹没。so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语是一个固定句型，常用于一个肯定句后，表示前面提到的情况也同样适用于后者，意为：“某人/物也”。
20、If your brother can do it, so can I. 如果你弟弟能做这件事情，我也能。 She is fond of music, so am I. 她喜欢音乐，我也是。,I dont want to go, nor will I. 我不想去，也不会去。 Tom studies hard and is a good student. 汤姆学习努力，是个好学生。 So it is with Jack. 杰克也是如此。 He promised to stop smoking. 他承诺要戒烟。 So he did. 的确如此。,It is fairly warm today. S
21、o _ and so _ yesterday. 2011浏阳高一检测 A. it is; was it B. it is; it was C. is it; was it D. is it; it was 【解析】选A。句意：今天很暖和。的确如此，昨天也是这样。so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词意为：“的确如此”；so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语意为：“某人/物也”。,1. decorate vt. 装饰，装潢 【原句】I saw several houses which were decorated with wall paintings. (P42） 我看见几所装饰着壁画的房子。,T
22、he room has been decorated with balloons. 房间里装饰着气球。 She decorated her babys room with some decorations. 她用一些装饰品装饰了孩子的房间。,The senior three students are busy _ the gym to celebrate their graduation. A. building B. repairing C. decorating D. painting 【解析】选C。句意： 高三学生正忙着布置体育馆来庆祝他们的毕业。build建筑；repair修理；dec
23、orate装饰，布置；paint粉刷。,2. erupt vi. (火山等)爆发（P42） Violence has erupted on the streets. 大街上突然发生了暴乱。 An active volcano may erupt at any time. 活火山随时都可能喷发。 The wisdom of Chinese people will erupt like a volcano. 中国人的智慧会像火山一样释放出来。,表达“爆发，发生”意义的单词或短语我们还学过哪些呢？请列举。 【思考提示】break out; come about; burst,The volcano
24、_ in 1980, damaging a large area of Washington State. A. broke B. terrified C. burst D. erupted 【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。erupt (火山等)爆发。,3. explode vi. 爆炸 【原句】Then, on 24 August, the mountain exploded, pouring out a cloud of ash. (P45) 然后，在8月24日，火山爆发，一团火山灰喷涌而出。,The terrorists exploded a bomb in a store. 恐怖分子在
25、一家商店引爆了一枚炸弹。 The boss exploded with anger when he saw the sales report. 当老板看到销售报告时, 他气炸了。 The citys population has exploded in the last few years. 在最近几年里，这个城市的人口急剧增加。,当explode表示“ (情感)迸发”时，我们学过类似用法的短语你还记得吗？ 【思考提示】 burst into，burst out+动词-ing形式, break into,完成句子 The audience exploded with applause （爆发掌
26、声）after the performance. There was a huge bang as if someone had exploded a rocket（引爆火箭） outside.,4. I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip. (P42) 能赢得这次旅行的资格我感到很幸运。to have won a place是动词不定式的完成式，它表示的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前。 Tom pretended to have finished his homework. 汤姆假装完成了作业。 Im very sorry to have g
27、iven you so much trouble. 很对不起，给您添了如此多的麻烦。,He is considered to be the best candidate for the job. 他被认为是这份工作的最佳人选。 I am happy to be working with you. 很高兴能与你共事。 The bank near the street corner was reported to have been robbed last night. 据报道街道拐角附近的那家银行昨晚被抢了。,Robert is said _ abroad，but I dont know wha
28、t country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 【解析】选A。从后一句“我不知道他曾在哪国学习”知道不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作 is said之前。,. 单词拼写 1. All this muds going to ruin （毁掉）my shoes. 2. Gibbons failed to see the commercial （商业的）value of his discovery. 3. Women have gradually （逐渐
29、地）become more involved in the decision-making process. 4. Students need to have time for relaxation and cultural （文化的）activities, as well as for academic work.,5. May I help you decorate （装饰）the room? 6. The rain is really pouring （倾倒）down. 7. The bomb was timed to explode（爆炸） during the rush-hour.
30、8. Before they fled（逃离） the country, the enemy attempted to destroy all the factories. 9. Chinese civilization （文明）is one of the oldest in the world. 10. He was born in a wealthy（富有的）family.,. 短文填空Both Pompeii 1. in Italy and Loulan in China became 2. lost civilization about 2，000 years ago. Pompeii
31、 was 3. founded in the 8th century BC and was taken 4. over by the Romans in 89BC. 5. On 24th Aug. AD79, a volcano erupted and the city was buried 6. alive . Loulan was a stopping point on the Silk Road. It was covered 7. by sandstorms. There are just a few buildings 8. left . Some materials, such a
32、s silk, documents and wall paintings, were found.,. 单项填空1. The new apartment which cost them a million dollars _ at present, and as a result they cannot move in. A. is decorated B. is being decorated C. are being decorated D. havent been decorated 【解析】选B。主语The new apartment与动词decorate为被动关系，结合时间状语at
33、present可知为现在进行时的被动语态。,2. On the ground _. A. lied an old man B. is lying an old man C. lay an old man D. an old man is lying 【解析】选C。句意：在地上躺着一个老头。地点状语在句首，要全部倒装。,3. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _. A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to remain C. remained 20 dollars D.
34、remaining 20 dollars 【解析】选D。考查remaining adj. 只能作前置定语的用法。,4. He arrived home after the long journey, _. A. tired B. being tired C. to be tired D. tiring 【解析】选A。考查形容词充当主语补足语，说明主语的状态，故用tired。,5. It is clear that he will _ the business from his father when he graduates from Oxford University. 2011徐州高一检测
35、 A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over 【解析】选A。句意：很明显当他从牛津大学毕业后他将接管他父亲的生意。take over接管，继承；think over仔细考虑；hand over移交；go over复习。,6. The girl cant speak Chinese, _ understand what we are saying. 2011杭州高一检测 A. nor she can B. nor can she C. so she can D. so can she 【解析】选B。句意：这个女孩不会说汉语，也不会理解我们
36、所说的。neither/ nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语, 表示前面提到的否定情况也同样适用于后者。,7. The result is not the same _ they had expected, _ was rather disappointing. A. as; that B. which; as C. as; which D. that; which 【解析】选C。第一空the same as为固定结构，意思为“与一样”；第二空为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面整个句子的内容，应选which。,8. It is said that the volcano could _
37、at any time. A. happen B. take place C. come about D. erupt 【解析】选D。句意：据说这座火山随时都可能爆发。erupt可表火山的爆发。,9. I find the _ of buildings _ under the sand. A. remains; bury B. remainders; bury C. remains; buried D. remains; burying 【解析】选C。remains意为：剩余物，遗迹。第二空考查bury充当宾语补足语，与宾语buildings为被动关系。,10. Why did the pol
38、ice _ the crowd? Because the presidents car _ in the street. A. break down; broke down B. break up; broke up C. break down; broke up D. break up; broke down 【解析】选D。句意：为什么警察驱散人群？因为总统的车在路上抛锚了。break up(人群的)驱散；break down车抛锚。,. 阅读理解From the earliest times，man has been interested in art. People have often
39、 worked together to collect and save the worlds art treasures. Fine art treasures from many countries are kept in an art museum called the Louvre in Paris，France. The works of art have been collected by the people of France over many centuries.,The Louvre has not always been a museum. The first buil
40、ding was a fort（炮台）. In 1190，it was the kings castle with high walls and a round tower. It had a moat to keep out his enemies. Over the years，the number of buildings around the castle grew. By 1350，the castle was no longer needed as a fort. The Louvre became a palace home for French kings and queens
41、.,During times of peace，new treasures were brought in. During days of war，many treasures were stolen，and the buildings were damaged. When Francis I became king of France in 1515，he brought in artists from many countries. One of the artists was Leonardo da Vinci from Italy. Da Vincis “Mona Lisa” is t
42、he best known painting in the museum today. In 1793，the Louvre became a public museum，just as it is now. It is a place where art treasures have been saved for everyone to enjoy.,1. On the whole，this passage is mainly about _. A. an art museum called the Louvre B. an Italian artist named Leonardo da
43、Vinci C. a king of France named Francis I D. the best known painting in Louvre 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文得知，全文讲述的发展历史。,2. Which of the following is NOT true？ A. The Louvre used to be a fort a very long time ago. B. French kings and queens once lived in it. C. The Louvre was taken by enemies in 1190. D. Many
44、treasures were brought into the Louvre over the years. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。参阅第三段，1190年此馆为国王的城堡。,3. Why is it good for great art to be kept in public museums？ A. It helps people remember who the king of France is. B. It keeps people out of the palaces. C. It gives everyone a chance to enjoy good art. D. It
45、helps people to know who is the greatest artist. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段最后一句可知，这里保存了很多艺术品，人们可以去欣赏。,4. From the passage we know that _. A. it is not possible for treasures to be stolen B. old forts always make the best museums C. great art should be shared with all the people D. King Francis I of France b
46、rought in artists from an old fort 【解析】选C。推理判断题。参阅开头和最后一段，可知答案为C。,. 任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。Its that time of year again! The holidays are coming up, and you know what that means. . . its time to shop! Being the busy person that you are, most likely you will do some of your
47、shopping online. And who can blame you? Great prices, great selections, free gift-wraps(礼品包装). . . whats not to love?,But take care; taking advantage of the convenience in shopping online could bring risks to both your personal information and your PC. As long as youre aware of the key issues, you c
48、an shop anytime, with the knowledge to protect you.,Not every Website and online shop is a safe and reliable merchant! The truth is that many thieves are quite skilled at crafting very convincing, legitimate-looking(貌似合法的) online shopping sites. Be very careful who you buy from! Make sure you know where youre shopping and that you read all the rules.,
