1、椎体 vertebral body椎弓 vertebral arch棘突 spinous process横突 transverse process关节突 articular process横突孔 transverse foramen寰椎 atlas枢椎 axis齿突 odontoid process (dens)肋凹 costal fovea 横突肋凹 transverse costal fovea岬 promontory骶前孔 anterior sacral foramina骶管裂孔 sacral hiatus骶正中嵴 mediansacral crest骶角 sacral cornu胸骨
2、sternum胸骨柄 Manubrium sterni胸骨角 sternal angle颈静脉切迹 jugular notch胸骨体 body of sternum剑突 xiphoid process肋骨 costal bone肋头 costal head肋颈 costal neck肋结节 costal tubercle肋角 costal angle肋体 shaft of rib肋软骨 costal cartilage下颌骨 mandible下颌头 head of mandible髁突 condylar process冠突 coronoid process下颌支 ranmus of mandi
3、ble下颌角 angle of mandible下颌体 body of mandible髁孔 mental foramen下颌孔 mandibular foramen鸡冠 crista galli鞍背 dorsum sellae眶上裂 supraorbital fissure圆孔 foramen rotundum 卵圆孔 foramen ovale棘孔 foramen spinosum内耳门 internal acoustic pore 蝶骨小翼 lesser wing视神经管 optical canal 垂体窝 hypophysial fossa破裂孔 foramen lacerum枕内隆突
4、 internal occipital protuberance乙状窦沟 sulcus for sigmoid sinus横窦沟 sulcus for transverse sinus茎突 styloid process 乳突 mastoid process枕外隆突 external occipital protuberance胸骨端 sternal end 肩峰端 acromial end肩胛冈 spine of scapular肩峰 acromion喙突 coracoid process下角 inferior angle关节盂 glenoid cavity盂上结节 supraglenoid
5、 tubercle盂下结节 infraglenoid tubercle肱骨头 head of Humerus大结节 greater tubercle小结节 lesser tubercle外科颈 surgical neck桡神经沟 sulcus for radial nerve三角肌粗隆 deltoid tuberosity肱骨滑车 trochlea of Humerus外上髁 lateral epicondyle内上髁 medial epicondyle尺神经沟 sulcus for ulnar nerve桡骨头 head of radius 桡骨粗隆 radial tuberosity桡骨颈
6、 neck of radius桡骨茎突 styloid process滑车切迹 trochlear notch 鹰嘴 olecranon冠突 coronoid process尺骨粗隆 ulnar tuberosity尺骨头 head of ulna尺骨茎突 styloid process手舟骨 scaphoid bone豌豆骨 pisifrom bone钩骨 hamate bone髂嵴 iliac crest髂前上棘 anterior superior iliac spine髂后上棘 posterior superior iliac spine髂结节 tubercle of iliac cre
7、st髂窝 iliac fossa坐骨棘 ischial spine坐骨结节 ischial tuberosity耻骨结节 pubic tubercle髋臼 acetabulum股骨头 femoral head股骨颈 neck of femur大转子 greater trochanter小转子 lesser trochanter粗线 linea aspera内侧髁 medial condyle 外侧髁 lateral condyle髁间窝 intercondylar fossa收肌结节 adductor tubercle髁间隆起 intercondylar eminence胫骨粗隆 tibial
8、 tuberosity内踝 medial malleolus腓骨头 fibular head腓骨颈 neck of fibular外踝 lateral malleolus距骨 talus跟骨 calcaneus椎间盘 intervertebral disc髓核 nucleus pulposus纤维环 annulus fibersus前纵韧带 anterior longitudinal ligament后纵韧带 posterior longitudinal ligament黄韧带 ligamenta flava棘间韧带 interspinal ligament棘上韧带 superspinal l
9、igament关节突关节 zygapophyseal joint下颌窝 mandibular fossa关节结节 articular tubercle关节盘 articular disc 喙肩韧带 coracoacromial ligament肱二头肌长头腱 tendon of long head of biceps brachii盂唇 glenoid labrum桡侧副韧带 radial collateral ligament尺侧副韧带 ulnar collateral ligament桡骨环状韧带 annular ligament of radius前臂骨间膜 interosseous m
10、embrane of forearm 骶结节韧带 sacrotuberous ligament骶棘韧带 scarospinous ligament坐骨大孔 greater sciatic foramen坐骨小孔 lesser sciatic foramen耻骨联合 pubic symphysis髋臼唇 acetabular labrum髂股韧带 iliofemoral ligament股骨头韧带 ligament of the head of the femur膑韧带 patellar ligament腓侧副韧带 fibular collateral ligament胫侧副韧带 tibial
11、collateral ligament前交叉韧带 anterior cruciate ligament后交叉韧带 posterior cruciate ligament内侧半月板 medial meniscus外侧半月板 medial meniscus内侧韧带 medial ligament眼轮匝肌 orbicularis oculi口轮匝肌 orbicularis oris咬肌 masseter颞肌 temporalis翼内肌 medial pterygoid翼外肌 lateral pterygoid胸锁乳突肌 sternocleidomastoid二腹肌 digastric前斜角肌 sca
12、lenus anterior中斜角肌 saclenus medius斜角肌间隙 scalene fissure 斜方肌 trapezius背阔肌 latissimus dorsi肩胛提肌 levator scapulae菱形肌 rhomboideus胸腰筋膜 thoracolumbar fascia竖脊肌 erector spinae胸大肌 pectoralis major胸小肌 pectoralis minor前锯肌 serratus anterior主动脉裂孔 aortic hiatus食管裂孔 esophageal hiatus腔静脉孔 vena caval foramen腹外斜肌 ob
13、liquus externus abdominis腹股沟韧带 inguinal ligament腹内斜肌 obliquus internus abdominis腹直肌 rectus abdominis腱划 tendinous intersection腹直肌鞘 sheath of rectus abdominis腰方肌 quadratus lumborum三角肌 deltoid冈上肌 supraspinatus冈下肌 infraspinatus小圆肌 teres minor大圆肌 teres major肩胛下肌 subscapularis肱二头肌 biceps brachii喙肱肌 coraco
14、brachialis肱肌 brachalis肱三头肌 triceps brachii肱三头肌长头 long head of triceps brachii肱桡肌 brachioradialis旋前圆肌 pronator teres桡侧腕屈肌 flexor carpi radialis掌长肌 palmaris longus尺侧腕屈肌 flexor carpiulnaris桡侧腕长伸肌 extensor carpi radialis longus 桡侧腕短伸肌 extensor carpi radialis brevis指伸肌 extensor digitorum小指伸肌 extensor dig
15、iti minimi尺侧腕伸肌 extensor carpi ulnaris髂腰肌 iliopsoas髂肌 iliacus腰大肌 psoas major臀中肌 gluteus medius臀小肌 gluteus minimus梨状肌 piriformis闭孔内肌腱 tendon of obturator internus缝匠肌 sartorius股四头肌 quadriceps femoris长收肌 adductor longus短收肌 adductor brevis股二头肌 biceps femoris股二头肌长头 long head of biceps femoris股二头肌短头 short
16、 head of biceps femoris半腱肌 semitendinosus半膜肌 semimembranosus胫骨前肌 tibialis anterior 趾长伸肌 extensor digitorum longus 长伸肌 extensor hallucis longus腓骨长肌 peroneus longus腓骨短肌 peroneus brevis小腿三头肌 triceps surae腓肠肌 gastrocnemius比目鱼肌 soleus跟腱 tendo calcaneus趾长屈肌 flexor digitorum longus长屈肌 flexor hallucis longu
17、s胫骨后肌 tibialis posterior界沟 terminal sulcus舌盲孔 foramen cecum of tongue颏舌肌 genioglossus腮腺 parotid gland 腮腺管 parotid duct下颌下腺 submandibular gland舌下腺 sublingual gland咽鼓管咽口 pharyngeal opening of auditory tube咽鼓管圆枕 tubal torus咽隐窝 pharyngeal recess腭扁桃体 palatine tonsil梨状隐窝 piriform recess幽门 pylorus幽门部 pylor
18、ic part幽门窦 pyloric antrum十二指肠大乳头 major duodenal papilla结肠带 colic bands结肠袋 haustra of colon肠脂垂 epiploicae appendices回盲瓣 ileocecal valve阑尾 vermiform appendix直肠横襞 Houston valve 肛柱 anal columns肛瓣 anal valves肛窦 anal sinuses齿状线 dentate line镰状韧带 falciform ligament三角韧带 triangular ligament肝圆韧带 ligamentum ter
19、es hepatic胆囊底 fundus of gallbladder胆囊体 body of gallbladder胆囊颈 neck of gallbladder胆囊管 cystic duct肝总管 common hepatic duct胆总管 common bile duct胰头 head of pancreas钩突 uncinate process胰颈 neck of pancreas胰体 body of pancreas胰尾 tail of pancreas鼻中隔 nasal septum鼻甲 nasal concha额窦 frontal sinus蝶窦 sphenoid sinus上颌
20、窦 maxillary sinus甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage喉结 laryngeal prominence环状软骨 cricoid cartilage环状软骨弓 cricoid arch环状软骨板 cricoid lamina会厌软骨 epiglottic cartilage杓状软骨 arytenoids cartilage甲状舌骨膜 thyrohyroid membrane弹性圆锥 conus elasticus声韧带 vocal ligament环甲正中韧带 median cricothyroid ligament环甲肌 cricothyroid muscle前庭襞 ve
21、stibular fold 声襞 vocal fold气管杈 bifurcation of trachea气管隆嵴 carina of trachea右主支气管 right principal bronchus左主支气管 left principal bronchus肺小叶 pulmonary lobule肺根心切迹 cardiac notch左肺小舌 lingula of left lung斜裂 oblique fissure右肺水平裂 horizontal fissure of right lung肾蒂 renal pedicle肾皮质 renal cortex肾椎体 renal pyra
22、mid肾乳头 renal papilla肾柱 renal column肾小盏 minor renal calices肾大盏 major renal calices肾盂 renal pelvis输尿管 ureter输尿管口 ureteric orifice尿道内口 internal orifice of urethra膀胱三角 trigone of bladder输尿管间襞 interureteric fold女性尿道 female urethra 睾丸 testis附睾 epididymis输精管 ductus deferens输精管壶腹 ampulla ductus deferens精囊 s
23、eminal vesicle前列腺 prostate阴茎海绵体 cavernous body of penis阴茎脚 crus penis 尿道海绵体 cavernous body of urethra阴茎头 glands penis尿道球 bulb of urethra前列腺部 prostatic part膜部 membranous part海绵体部 cavernous part舟状窝 navicular fossa of urethra卵巢悬韧带 suspensory ligament of ovary卵巢固有韧带 proper ligament of ovary输卵管子宫部 uterin
24、e part of uterine tube输卵管峡 isthmus of uterine tube输卵管壶腹 ampulla of uterine tube输卵管漏斗 infundibulum of uterine tube子宫体 fundus of uterus子宫颈 neck of uterus子宫颈阴道部 vaginal part of cervix子宫颈阴道上部 supravaginal part of cervix子宫腔 cavity of uterus子宫颈管 canal of cervix of uterus子宫阔韧带 broad ligament of uterus子宫圆韧带
25、 round ligament of uterus前庭球 bulb of vestibule前庭大腺 greater vestibular gland心尖 cardiac apex 心底 cardiac base胸肋面 sternocostal (anterior) surface膈面 diaphragmatic (inferior)surface下缘 sharp edge左缘 obtuse edge右缘 right border心尖切迹 cardiac apical incisure房室交点 crux卵圆窝 fossa ovalis室上嵴 supraventricular crest前乳头肌
26、 anterior papillary muscle后乳头肌 posterior papillary muscle隔侧乳头肌 septal papillary muscle 隔缘肉柱 septomarginal trabecula后尖 anterior cusp of tricuspid valve前尖 posterior cusp of tricuspid valve隔侧尖 septal cusp of tricuspid valve肺动脉瓣 pulmonary valve左心耳 left auricle前乳头肌 anterior papillary muscle后乳头肌 posterior
27、 papillary muscle前尖 anterior cusp of bicuspid valve后尖 posterior cusp of bicuspid valve腱索 chordae tendineae左冠状动脉 left coronary artery前室间支 anterior interventricular branch旋支 circumflex branch左缘支 left marginal branch右冠状动脉 right coronary artery右缘支 right marginal branch后室间支 posterior interventricular bra
28、nch冠状窦 coronary sinus心大静脉 greater cardiac vein心中静脉 middle cardiac vein心小静脉 small cardiac vein心包 pericardium心包横窦 transverse pericardial sinus肺动脉干 pulmonary trunk左肺动脉 right pulmonary artery右肺动脉 left pulmonary artery动脉韧带 arterial ligament头臂干 brachiocephalic trunk左颈总动脉 left common carotid artery左锁骨下动脉 l
29、eft subclavian artery右颈总动脉 right common carotid artery右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery颈外动脉 external carotid artery颈内动脉 internal carotid artery甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid 舌动脉 lingual artery面动脉 facial artery上颌动脉 maxillary artery脑膜中动脉 middle meningeal artery下牙槽动脉 inferior alveolar artery颞浅动脉 superficial temp
30、oral artery椎动脉 vertebral artery甲状颈干 thyrocervical trunk甲状腺下动脉 inferior thyroid artery肩胛上动脉 suprascapular artery胸廓内动脉 internal thoracic artery颈横动脉 transverse cervical artery胸肩峰动脉 thoracoacromial artery胸外侧动脉 lateral thoracic artery肩胛下动脉 subscapular artery旋肱后动脉 posterior circumflex humeral artery旋肩胛动脉
31、circumflex scapular artery胸背动脉 thoracodorsal artery肱动脉 brachial artery桡动脉 radial artery尺动脉 ulnar artery掌浅弓 superficial palmar arch腰动脉 lumbar artery肾动脉 renal artery腹腔干 celiac trunk胃左动脉 left gastric artery肝总动脉 common hepatic artery肝固有动脉 proper hepatic artery胆囊动脉 cystic artery胃右动脉 right gastric artery胃
32、十二指肠动脉 gastroduodenal artery 胃网膜右动脉 right gastroepiploic artery脾动脉 splenic artery胃网膜左动脉 left gastroepiploic artery肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery回结肠动脉 ileocolic artery阑尾动脉 appendicular artery右结肠动脉 right colic artery中结肠动脉 middle colic artery肠系膜下动脉 inferior mesenteric artery左结肠动脉 left colic artery直肠
33、上动脉 superior rectal artery闭孔动脉 obturator artery臀上动脉 superior gluteal artery臀下动脉 inferior gluteal artery脐动脉 umbilical artery子宫动脉 uterine artery阴部内动脉 internal pudendal artery腹壁下动脉 inferior epigastric artery股深动脉 deep femoral artery旋股内侧动脉 medial femoral circumflex artery旋股外侧动脉 lateral femoral circumflex
34、 artery腘动脉 popliteal artery胫后动脉 posterior tibial artery腓动脉 peroneal artery胫前动脉 anterior tibial artery足背动脉 dorsal artery of foot颈外静脉 external jugular vein颈内静脉 internal jugular vein锁骨下静脉 subclavian vein头静脉 cephalic vein贵要静脉 basilic vein肘正中静脉 median cubital vein头臂静脉 brachiocephalic vein上腔静脉 superior ve
35、na cava奇静脉 azygos vein小隐静脉 small saphenous vein大隐静脉 great saphenous vein股内侧静脉 medial femoral circumflex vein股外侧静脉 lateral femoral circumflex vein阴部外静脉 external pudendal vein腹壁浅静脉 superficial epigastric vein旋髂浅静脉 superficial iliac circumflex vein左睾丸静脉 left testicular vein肝门静脉 hepatic portal vein脾静脉 splenic vein肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein肠系膜下静脉 inferior mesenteric vein胸导管 thoracic duct
