1、第 29 讲 非谓语动词【名题实战】1Kate，remember _A_ for the sick to cheer them up.(2014，成都)Ato sing Bnot to sing Csinging Dsing2Dont throw away the waste paper.It needs _B_(2014 ，龙东)Ato recycle BrecyclingCrecycle Drecycled3Granny often tells us _C_ water in our daily life.(2014，泰安)Asave Bsaving Cto save Dsaves4Do
2、you have any difficulty in _D_ English?Yes， but I try to make myself _(2014，咸宁)Ato speak ；understood Bspeaking ；understandCto speak；to understand Dspeaking；understood5She used to _D_ a bus to school，but now she is used to _o school.(2014，南充)Ataking ；walk Btake；walkCtaking；walking Dtake；walking【考点梳理】
3、从近五年来的安徽中考题可以看出，没有对非谓语动词的考查。但非谓语动词作为一个重要的语法项目，考生在复习时还是需要练习这方面的习题，掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等的基本用法；对省略 to 的动词不定式如：help sb.(to) do sth.及动词不定式的否定形式也要熟悉。高频考向一 不定式1构成：to动词原形，即： to do 形式。其否定形式为： not to do。如：The teacher tells me to finish my homework after school.老师告诉我放学后完成我的家庭作业。2动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句中可以作主
4、语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。作主语To help the old is our duty.帮助老人是我们的职责。注意：动词不定式作主语时，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用 it 作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。“Its adj.of sb.不定式”表示“某人( 做某事)” 。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词，常用的有 good(好的) ，kind(友善的)，nice(好的) ，polite(有礼貌的)，clever(聪明的)，foolish(愚蠢的 )，lazy(懒惰的)，careful(细心的 )，careless(粗心的)，right(正确的) ， wrong(错误的
5、)等。如：Its kind of you to help me.你帮了我，你真好。“Its adj.for sb.不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说” 。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的)，easy(容易的) ，hard(艰难的)，dangerous(危险的)，safe(安全的) ，useful(有用的 )，pleasant(舒适的) ，interesting(有趣的) 等。如：Its dangerous for you to climb that tall tree.对你来说，爬上那个高树是危险的。作表语To eat is to live，but to live is not to ea
6、t.吃饭是为了活着，但活着并不是为了吃饭。作宾语常接不定式作宾语的动词有：decide(决定)，expect(期望)，forget( 忘记) ，hope(希望)，pretend(假装)， try(尽力)等。如：I want to borrow your bike.我想借你的自行车。作宾语补足语常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask(要求) ，tell(告诉)，want(想要) ，teach( 教) ，wish(希望) ，help(帮助)，warn( 警告) ，invite(邀请)，encourage(鼓励)等。如：Tina told her sister to turn down the TV
7、.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。She asked me to answer the phone while she was out.当她出去的时候 ，她叫我接电话。作定语动词不定式作定语时，常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语，且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如：He wants some water to drink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)He has no friends to talk with.他没有可以与之交谈的朋友。( 介宾)注意：当不定式修饰的名词是 time，place 或 way 时， 不定式后的介词习惯省去。如：He had no place to l
8、ive(in)他没地方住。有些名词常用不定式作定语。如：a chance to go to school 上学的机会no time to think about rest 没时间考虑休息a way to learn(of learning)English 学习英语的一种方法作状语They ran over to welcome us.(表目的)他们跑过来欢迎我们。Paul is too excited to say anything.(表结果)保罗激动得说不出话来。Im sorry to trouble you.(表原因 )很抱歉打扰你。注意：有些动词不定式在使用时，要省去 to。具体有：在动
9、词 let， feel，see，look at，watch，have，make，notice，hear 等动词后，动词不定式作宾语时，要省略 to。但在变被动语态时 ，省略的 to 要加上。如：I heard someone knock at the door.我听到有人在敲门。We saw him enter the room.我们看到他进了房间。在 would you please，had better，why not，would rather 等结构的句型后，要用不带to 的不定式。如：Would you please make your bed？请整理下你的床，好吗？Youd bett
10、er go to bed early.你最好早点睡觉。3特殊疑问词动词不定式能接不定式的疑问词有：what，which，how ，who，when，where 等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如：I dont know what to do.我不知该做什么。I dont know how to do it.我不知道该怎么去做这事。I dont know what to do about it.关于这件事，我不知该做些什么。The question is who to go.问题是谁去。【例 1】 How kind you are！You always do what you can_ot
11、hers.Ahelp Bhelping Chelps Dto help解析：动词不定式作状语。句意为“你总是尽你所能来帮助别人” 。答案：_D_【例 2】 My parents often tell me_too much junk food because its bad for my health.Anot eating Bnot to eatCeating Dto eat解析：tell sb.(not) to do sth.意为“告诉某人( 不要)做某事” ，动词不定式做宾语；由原因状语从句的句意“因为它对我的健康不利”可知，此处应用动词不定式的否定形式。答案：_B_【例 3】 Why
12、are you so excited today?We were told_a picnic this weekend.Ahave Bto have Chaving Dhad解析：答语是一个被动语态的句子，结合选项内容可知句意为“我们被告知这个周末要去野餐” 。tell (sb.) to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事” ，其被动形式为(sb.)be told to do sth.。答案：_B_【例 4】 Why is Linlin practicing speaking English?_abroad for further study.AGo BGone CTo go DGoes解析：
13、疑问词 why 用于提问原因 ，动词不定式结构可用来表示目的，回答原因。答案：_C_【例 5】 Students should learn how_problem.Asolve Bsolving Ccan solve Dto solve解析：“特殊疑问词动词不定式”在句中作宾语。答案：_D_高频考向二 动名词动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如：Saying so much is useless.说那么多没用处。( 主语)My greatest pleasure is traveling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)She enjoys going to the ci
14、nema.她喜爱看电影。( 宾语)There is a swimming pool here.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)注意：(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有：enjoy( 喜欢)，finish(完成)，keep(保持 )，practice( 练习)，mind(介意) ，suggest( 建议) ， be busy(忙于)；be worth(值得) ，cant help(禁不住)，give up(放弃 )，be used to(习惯于) ，stop/prevent/keepfrom(阻止) ，look forward to(盼望 )；feel like(想要 )；be good
15、at(擅长) ；be interested in(对感兴趣)；succeed in(成功 )等。(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同。如： stop doing sth.停 止 做 某 事stop to do sth.停 下 来 去 做 某 事 ) try doing sth.尝 试 做 某 事try to do sth.尽 力 去 做 某 事 ) forget doing sth.忘 了 做 过 某 事forget to do sth.忘 了 要 做 某 事 （未 做 ）) remember doing sth.记 得 做 过 某 事remember to do
16、 sth.记 得 要 做 某 事 （未 做 ）) need doing sth.需 要 做 某 事 （被 动 含 义 ）need to do sth.需 要 去 做 某 事 （主 动 含 义 ）)【例 6】 Isnt it strange that the cat is used to_(lie)beside the dog peacefully?答案：_lying_【例 7】 It is worth_(mention)that Nanjing has entered Top 10 Appealing Chinese Cities.答案：_mentioning _【例 8】 Would you
17、 mind_(turn) down the music？The baby is sleeping.答案：_turning_【例 9】 Students in our class have finished_(read) the article.答案：_reading_一、单项选择。1Tom，why are you in such a hurry?Oh，my bike is broken.Im going to have it _B_( 2014，龙东)Arepairing Brepaired Cto repair2My old neighbor Charles enjoys _C_ photo
18、s.He always goes out with his camera.(2014， 孝感)Atake Bto take Ctaking Dtook3Toms mother told him _B_ eating too much meat.(2014，黔西南)Astopping Bto stop Cstops Dstopped4Can you hear someone _C_ in the classroom？It is Mary.(2014，威海)Asing Bsings Csinging Dsang5Many students are looking forward to _C_ a
19、good time after the final exam.(2014，黔东南)Ahave BhadChaving Dhas6In order _A_ for the meeting，my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.(2014， 广东)Anot to be late Bnot being lateCto be late Dbeing late7Read the instructions before _C_ the new machine.(2014，平凉)Ause Bto use Cusing Dused8The
20、teacher spoke loudly in order to make the students _A_ her.(2014，六盘水)Ahear Bhearing Cheard Dto hear9Do you climb mountains every day?Yes， _D_ a little exercise.Im so out of shape.(2014，河南 )Agetting Bget Cgot Dto get10Exercising more is good for us.So，Id rather _C_ an hours walk to school than consider_a bus.(2014，黔南)Atake；take Btaking；takingCtake；taking Dtaking；take
