1、写作技巧点拨系列(十) 发挥合理想象, 灵活阐释开放作文,【典例导练】 (2013北京高考)请根据下面提示, 写一篇短文。词数不少于50。 You are discussing the following picture with your English friend Jim. Now you are telling him how you understand the picture and what makes you think so.,【写作指导】1. 开放作文的特点。(1)自由发挥的空间大。开放作文属于非控制性写作或非任务型写作, 即主要根据文字提示、图画展示或表格列举等形式设题,
2、 留有一定的空间让考生自由发挥。,(2)能力要求较高。它不仅考查考生的语言表达能力、组织能力, 而且还考查考生的逻辑思维能力、发散思维能力、想象能力以及多角度考虑问题的能力。因此这种题型的作文虽然给考生提供了发挥的机会, 但由于考生对给出的信息没有真正领会, 没有理清文章的命题意图导致失分现象严重。,2. 与其他文体的区别。开放式作文不等同于一般的提纲作文, 因为它不像提纲作文那样所给的要点很全面, 写作时按照一定的“框框”进行发挥即可, 它要求考生凭借试卷上所提供的线索(包括文字提示和图画), 利用发散性思维, 去合理地想象、推理, 然后写出一篇合情合理的文章。,【审题谋篇】信息全而不漏,【
3、佳句锤炼】词句精而高级 1. 我想图画告诉我们的是: 一个人的梦想和现实通常是有差别 的。 (一般表达)I think, the picture is telling us a truth. There is usually a difference between ones dream and reality. (宾语从句)I think that _. There is usually a difference between ones dream and reality. (同位语从句)I think the picture is _there is usually a differen
4、ce between ones dream and reality.,the picture is telling us a truth,telling us a truth that,2. 然而, 对人们来说每次实现他们的梦想是十分不容易的。 (一般表达)But people realize their dreams every time is very difficult. (形式主语+不定式复合结构)_, _ is not so easy _ _ their dreams every time.,However,it,for,people to realize,3. 就像图画中的那个人,
5、 他实际上钓到的是条小鱼, 而不是他 希望的大鱼。 (一般表达)Like the man in the picture, he actually catches a small fish, and he doesnt catch a big one that he wishes for. (定语从句+高级词汇)_, _ _, he actually catches a small one.,Just like the man in the picture,instead,of the big fish that he wishes for,4. 以我之见, 人们需要学会去接受现实并且继续尝试。
6、 (一般表达)According to my idea, people need to learn to accept the reality. They should keep on trying. (介词短语+并列谓语)_, people need to _ _accept the reality and _.,In my opinion,learn,to,keep on trying,5. 有了再次尝试他们或许会获得他们梦想的东西。 (一般表达)They try again and maybe they get the things they dream of. (介词短语)_, the
7、y may gain what they dream of.,With another try,【连句成篇】过渡巧而自然I think the picture is telling us a truth that there is usually a difference between ones dream and reality. People need to learn to face the reality. Everyone has his dream. However, it is not so easy for people to realize their dreams eve
8、ry time. Just like the man in the picture, instead of the big fish that he wishes for, he actually catches a small one.,In my opinion, people need to learn to accept the reality and keep on trying. With another try, they may gain what they dream of.,【命题专家如是说】 开放类作文解题关键做这类题时, 考生首先要读懂所给的英语提示或图画提示, 弄清情况和要求, 然后抓住关键词句, 进行记叙、解释、说明、议论, 再根据要求去合理地想象, 并用通顺的语言写出。具体做到:,1. 认真审题, 把握要求, 找准关键句, 提炼主题; 2. 依据主线, 草拟提纲, 梳理文章脉络; 3. 定位人称, 确立时态, 遣词造句组篇章。开放作文通常以提供一个故事材料为主, 人称的使用较为灵活, 考生应该依据文章提示准确定位人称; 其后考生再将重点放在文章的遣词造句上, 应尽可能运用自己熟悉的单词、短语或句型来灵活表达。 4. 升华主题, 最后一段要围绕主题进行升华, 点出其哲理以及对人们的启示。,
